LUSI GEOLGICAL ANALYSIS SOCIAL IMPACT AND SUGGESTED TEMPORARY SOLUTION
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1 LUSI GEOLGICAL ANALYSIS SOCIAL IMPACT AND SUGGESTED TEMPORARY SOLUTION SA 1
2 EURASIAN PLATE PACIFIC PLATE TECTONIC POSITION AND PHISIOGRAPHIC CONDITION OF INDONESIAN REGION SURROUNDED BY THREE APPROACHING MEGA PLATES, NORTH MOVING AUSTRALIAN, WEST MOVING PACIFIC AND SOUTHEAST MOVING EURASIAN PLATES. INDIAN-AUSTRALIAN PLATE
3 Tectonic setting of Java Island is the result of convergent of 2 mega plate, the northeast moving Australian plate and Sunda plate in the north TECTONIC POSITION AND PHISIOGRAPHIC CONDITION OF INDONESIAN REGION SURROUNDED BY THREE APPROACHING MEGA PLATES, NORTH MOVING AUSTRALIAN, WEST MOVING PACIFIC AND SOUTHEAST MOVING EURASIAN PLATES.
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5 PRESENT TECTONIC MAP OF INDONESIA EAST JAVA
6 CONVERGENT MODEL
7 Yogya earthquake Friday May 27, 2006 at 5:43 AM local time
8 we are here 6.3 RS (strong) Killed people USGS tensor solution (left lateral) Yogya earthquake Friday May 27, 2006 at 5:43 AM local time
9 Merapi volcano Sunda plate regional plate tectonic setting of Java island Java trench yogyakarta sidoarjo plate motion vector Australian plate
10 Merapi volcano PRAMBANAN YOGYAKARTA Geography and geologic map of yogyakarta region The NE-SW trending fault is indicated in this map as uncertain
11 increasing activity of Merapi volcano PRAMBANAN YOGYAKARTA Yogya earthquake Friday May 27, 2006 at 5:43 AM local time
12 increasing activity of Merapi volcano PRAMBANAN YOGYAKARTA Yogya earthquake Friday May 27, 2006 at 5:43 AM local time
13 increasing activity of Merapi volcano June 2006 paroxismal eruption of Merapi
14 May mud, gas and hot water erupted at Sidoarjo Sunda plate yogyakarta sidoarjo Indian plate
15 May mud, gas and hot water erupted at Sidoarjo merapi volcano and semeru reactivated
16 Tectonic setting of Java Island and East Java region TECTONIC POSITION AND PHISIOGRAPHIC CONDITION OF INDONESIAN REGION SURROUNDED BY THREE APPROACHING MEGA PLATES, NORTH MOVING AUSTRALIAN, WEST MOVING PHILIPPINE AND SOUTHEAST MOVING EURASIAN PLATES. JAVA ISLAND
17 Sunda plate yogyakarta sidoarjo Tectonic setting of Java Island and East Java region and distribution of epicentres Indian plate seismic zone related to plate movement seismic zone related to active faults East Java is a tectonic active region
18 Sunda plate yogyakarta sidoarjo Tectonic setting of Java Island and East Java region Indian plate seismic zone related to plate movement seismic zone related to active faults East Java is a tectonic active region
19 Sunda plate STRATIGRAPHIC SETTING TECTONIC SETTING sidoarjo NORTH SOUTH yogyakarta BACKARC MAGMATIC ARC Indian plate INTRAARC BACKARC BACKARC MAGMATIC ARC FORE ARC CONTINENTAL PLATFORM ACCRE- TIONARY WEDGE
20 Tectonic setting of East java HALL R, 2002 : EAST JAVA THERE ARE MANY FEATURES IN THIS REGION WHICH DO NOT FITT THE CONVENTIONAL MODELS : VOLCANIC ACTIVITY BEGAN ERLIER THAN REPORTED CHARACTER NOT EXCLUSIVELY ANDESITIC BASINS DO NOT RIFT BASINS THEIR FILL HAS SOME UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS
21 Tectonic setting of East java Sidoarjo area HALL R, 2002 : EAST JAVA Geology Model THERE ARE MANY FEATURES IN THIS REGION WHICH DO NOT FITT THE CONVENTIONAL MODELS : VOLCANIC ACTIVITY BEGAN ERLIER THAN REPORTED CHARACTER NOT EXCLUSIVELY ANDESITIC BASINS DO NOT RIFT BASINS THEIR FILL HAS SOME UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTICS (LAPINDO 2006)
22 Sunda plate sidoarjo yogyakarta Indian plate tectonic movements induced by plate subduction, resulted in reactivation of existing faults and released of energy which is the source of earthquake, volcanism and other geological phenomena
23 Sunda plate PLATE TECTONIC MODEL AND GRAVITY ANOMALY sidoarjo yogyakarta Indian plate GENERALISED CROSS SECTION tectonic movements induced by plate subduction, resulted in reactivation of existing faults and released of energy which is the source of earthquake, volcanism and other geological phenomena
24 Sunda plate East java Basinal area sidoarjo yogyakarta Indian plate
25 Sunda plate sidoarjo yogyakarta Indian plate Extremely low gravity anomaly
26 PHYSIOGRAPHIC UNITS OF JAVA AND REGIONAL GEOLOGY BOGOR-KENDENG ZONE, A TECTONIC DEPRESSION IN THE CENTRAL PART OF JAVA ISLAND, COMPRISING OF RESTRICTED SEDIMENTARY BASINS WITH RAPID SEDIMENT FILL DERRIVED FROM THE EXTINC AND ACTIVE VOLCANOES IN THE SOUTH IN THE EASTERN PART OF JAVA, THE KENDENG BASIN SHOWS A SIGNIFICANT GAVITY LOW, WHICH CAN BE INTERPRETED AS CONSISTING OF VERY THICK RELATIVELY LOW DENSITY SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE
27 TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION OF EAST JAVA BASIN
28 2 SETS OF FAULT PATERN CHARACTERIZED THE STRUCTURAL GRAIN OF THE BASIN: 1 THE NE-SW PRE-TERTIARY PATTERN AND 2. THE E-W TERTIARY PATTERN STRUCTURAL PATTERN OF EAST JAVA BASIN
29 2 SETS OF FAULT PATERN CHARACTERIZED THE STRUCTURAL GRAIN OF THE BASIN: 1 THE NE-SW PRE-TERTIARY PATTERN AND 2. THE E-W TERTIARY PATTERN
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34 THE KENDENG ZONE IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPLEX STRUCTURAL GRAIN, BOUNDED BY ACTIVE AS WELL AS (SAKALA FLT) IN-ACTIVE FAULTS PATTERN Piercement of diapir and extrusion of mud, hot water and gas is common
35 Distribution of Mud Volcanoes in East Java THE KENDENG ZONE IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPLEX STRUCTURAL GRAIN, BOUNDED BY ACTIVE AS WELL BLEDUK AS KUWU (SAKALA FLT) IN-ACTIVE FAULTS PATTERN TUBAN Piercement of of diapir and and extrusion of of mud, hot hot water and and gas gas is is common GRESIK SOCAH G. ANYAR K. ANYAR PULUNGAN OFFSHORE SANGIRAN Km DENANYAR DAWAR BLANDONG PENGANGSON LUSI PORONG PROBOLINGGO
36 THE KENDENG ZONE IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPLEX STRUCTURAL GRAIN, BOUNDED BY ACTIVE AS WELL AS (SAKALA FLT) IN-ACTIVE FAULTS PATTERN Piercement of diapir and extrusion of mud, hot water and gas is common Less deformed Rembang zone: Is a tectonic active transition zone Kendeng Zone : Appears to be affected by episode of thrusting
37 THE KENDENG ZONE IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPLEX STRUCTURAL GRAIN, BOUNDED BY ACTIVE AS WELL AS (SAKALA FLT) IN-ACTIVE FAULTS PATTERN Piercement of diapir and extrusion of mud, hot water and gas is common SEISMIC EXPRESSION THROUG CENTRAL DEEP SHOWS INTENSIVE DEFORMATION AND DIAPIR STRUCTURES
38 THE KENDENG BASIN IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COMPLEX STRUCTURAL GRAIN, BOUNDED BY ACTIVE AS WELL AS (SAKALA FLT) IN-ACTIVE FAULTS PATTERN N-S CROSS SECTION ACCROS KENDENG ZONE DEPICTING INTENSIVE COMPRESSION IN THE SOUTH
39 Toni Simo et al IPA 2011
40 KALANG ANYAR MUD VOLCANO EXAMPLE FROM KALANG ANYAR A DORMANT MUD VULCANO SIDOARJO (EAST JAVA);
41 EXAMPLE FROM KALANG ANYAR A DORMANT MUD VULCANO SIDOARJO (EAST JAVA); KALANG ANYAR MUD VOLCANO KALANG ANYAR (South of Juanda Airport) B.Istadi (2006)
42 The presence of large exotic blocks cosisting of sandstones and limestones and sheared shales surrounding the mud volcanoes indicate inactive (dormant) diapir through which the mud volcanoes extrude
43 EXAMPLE FROM GUNUNG ANYAR A DORMANT MUD VULCANO SIDOARJO (EAST JAVA); A DARK BLACK SOIL WITH STRONG OIL SMELL.
44 the source of a mud volcano may be a subsurface layer or diapir of highly plastic, and probably undercompacted mud or shale. mud volcanoes also commonly appear to be related to fracture, faulting or sharp folding in the earthcrust WHICH IS A TECTONIC PROCESS A SCIENTIFIC BASE AS A TOOL TO EXPLAIN THE PHENOMENA; A BRANCH OF GEOLOGY THAT SEEKS TO EXPLAIN OBSERVED PATTERNS OF DEFORMATION AND SEISMICITY IN THE OUTER SHELL OF THE EARTH
45 1 REACTIVATION OF FAULTS IN KENDENG BASIN DUE TO PLATE MOVEMENT (TECTONIC) CREATE EARTH QUAKE (ENERGY RELEASE) RELATED TO FAULTING, AND EXTRUSION OF MOBILE CLAY FROM THE DEEPER PART OF THE BASIN
46 REACTIVATION OF FAULTS IN KENDENG BASIN DUE TO PLATE MOVEMENT CREATE EARTH QUAKE (ENERGY RELEASE) RELATED TO FAULTING AND, EXTRUSION OF MOBILE CLAY FROM THE DEEPER PART OF THE BASIN
47 REACTIVATION OF FAULTS IN KENDENG BASIN DUE TO PLATE MOVEMENT CREATE EARTH QUAKE (ENERGY RELEASE) RELATED TO FAULTING AND, EXTRUSION OF MOBILE CLAY FROM THE DEEPER PART OF THE BASIN SINCE MANY-2 YEARS
48 REACTIVATION OF FAULTS IN KENDENG BASIN DUE TO PLATE MOVEMENT CREATE EARTH QUAKE (ENERGY RELEASE) RELATED TO FAULTING AND, EXTRUSION OF MOBILE CLAY FROM THE DEEPER PART OF THE BASIN SINCE MANY-2 YEARS PEOPLE STAY AND BUILT HOUSES ON TOP OF MUD VOLCANO B.Istadi (2006)
49 2 The possible mechanism for the piercement of the diapir is assumed that the diapir are laterally constrained. It is also suggested that the formation and fill of the basin was verry rapid
50 3 PORONG SUB-BASIN & CENTRAL DEEP The motivating force responsible for a mud volcano is, in part, simply also the weight of rock overburden borne by the fluid content of undecompacted shales. SEDIMENT TRANSPORT Porong sub-basin SEDIMENT TRANSPORT TO CENTRAL DEEP Central deep
51 PORONG SUB=BASIN PORONG SUB-BASIN REPRESENTING LARGE ANCIENT DELTA
52 Source of Solid / water 4 THE SOURCE OF MUD : Source of water
53 Depth (ft) Volcaniclastic sand LUSI fluids correspond to group 4 ( ft) Foram + nannofossil section ft Thermal maturity suggest input from ft The presence of Volcaniclastic sand Modified from B.Istadi (2006)
54 COMPLEX TECTONIC SETTING AND EVOLUTION OF EAST JAVA REGIONS
55 COMPLEX TECTONIC SETTING AND EVOLUTION OF EAST JAVA REGIONS
56 COMPLEX TECTONIC SETTING AND EVOLUTION OF EAST JAVA REGIONS A COMBINATION OF RAPID BURIAL AND TECTONIC COMPRESSION MAY RESULTED IN OVERPRESSING WHICH INDUCE PIERCEMENT OF DIAPIR AND FORMED MUD VOLCANOES
57 It is likely that the redistributed stress and strain in several parts of East Java region due to tectonic activity caused reactivation of fractures and faults, affecting the fluid pressure and permeability of the shale and ultimately triggered the eruption through the already overpresed subsurface,
58 SOCIAL IMPACT 1. Mud volcanoes produce localized permanent deformation such as collapse features from sudden extrusion during eruption BJP-R4 BJP-R2 Istadi (2006) BJP-R3 Current Relief Well Location Proposed new Relief Well Locations
59 SOCIAL IMPACT 2. Mud volcanoes produce localized flooding of the surrounding area, of which the direction of flow is determine by geomorphic feature of the land
60 SOCIAL IMPACT 2. Mud volcanoes produce localized flooding of the surrounding area, of which the direction of flow is determine by geomorphic feature of the land and can not be stopped permanently
61 Simple cartoon plate tectonic convergent model showing the distribution of earthquake epicentres
62 THANK YOU
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