ATPE 414 Fall 2005 Exam #2

Transcription

1 / 100 Points = ATPE 414 Fall 2005 Exam #2 Name 1. Most tissues provide capacitive resistance to electrical current flow. Which of the following currents would meet the least amount of capacitive resistance? A. 1 Hz B. 10 Hz C. 50 Hz D. 100 Hz 2. A patient has tennis elbow and your team physician has approved the use of dexamethasone (an anti-inflammatory) and iontophoresis. Since dexamethasone is a negatively charged medication you would inject the medication into the. The medication states that it is a 40mA-min treatment. You set the intensity to 4 ma, but after 3 minutes the patient begins to feel a burn, therefore you decrease the intensity to 2mA. The remaining treatment time is. A. Cathode; 10 minutes B. Anode; 17 minutes C. Cathode; 12 minutes D. Cathode; 14 minutes E. Anode; 14 minutes F. Dispersive; 14 minutes G. Neither cathode or anode; unable to determine based on information given 3. What is the resistance found in a 40-V circuit possessing a current flow of 10 A? A. 4 ohms B. 400 ohms C ohms D. 30 ohms 4. High frequency stimulation possessing pulses of a short duration and applied at the sensory level is thought to activate which pain control mechanism? A. Gate mechanism B. Endogenous opiate C. Central biasing D. Specificity 5. The 3 types of electrical current are: A. Monophasic, Biphasic, and Direct B. Pulsed, Biphasic, and Monophasic C. Direct, Biphasic, and Pulsed D. Alternating, Direct, and Pulsed Page 1 of 6

2 6. If 200V are passing through a 10 square inch electrode, the current density would equal: A. 20 V/sq. inch B W C. 200 V/sq. inch D ohms 7. An active electrode and a dispersive electrode are an example of a electrode placement. (2 points) 8. The typical electrode placement for a russian stimulation treatment is a placement (2 points). 9. The primary side-effect of applying direct current to a patient is: A. Accommodation B. Summation C. Burns D. ATCs do not apply direct current to a patient 10. Two AC waves with different frequencies is describing: A. TENS B. Microcurrent C. Interferential D. Pre-modulated EMS 11. This modality is applied at a sub-sensory level, and it does not attempt to excite peripheral nerves. What is this modality? A. TENS B. Interferential C. Microcurrent D. Russian Stimulation 12. What does TENS stand for? (2 points) 13. Electrons travel from the, which has a of electrons, to the, which has a of electrons. A. Anode; high concentration; cathode; low concentration B. Anode; low concentration; cathode; high concentration C. Cathode; high concentration; anode; low concentration D. Cathode low concentration; anode; high concentration 14. In monopolar electrode placement, the parameter that determines which pad(s) will be active is: A. The Polarity Adjustment B. The average current C. The pulse duration D. The current density Page 2 of 6

3 15. Which of the following is NOT an indication to Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS)? A. Decreasing edema B. Wound healing C. Infection D. Decreasing muscle spasm 16. What is the percent duty cycle for an electrical current that flows for 20 seconds and has no flow for 40 seconds? A. 200% B. 50% C. 75% D. 33% 17. Increased blood flow between electrodes (due to electrical flow and not from a muscle contraction) is an effect of which of the following? A. Interferential B. Functional electrical stimulation C. Pre-Modulated Current D. Medical galvanism 18. Assuming the intensity and phase durations are of sufficient amounts, which of the following nerves would be the first to be stimulated by an electrical current? A. A superficial large-diameter nerve B. A deep large-diameter nerve C. A superficial small-diameter nerve D. A deep small-diameter nerve For items 19-25, use the diagram to the right: (2 points each) 19. What is the type of current (be as specific as possible): 20. A = 21. B = 22. C = 23. D = 24. E = 25. F = Page 3 of 6

4 Matching (2 points each). Rheobase. Tetanization. Active electrode. Russian Current. Cathode. Impedance. Summation of contractions. Heterodyne. Anode. Current density. Chronaxie. Dispersive Electrode A. Positively charged electrode B. Negatively charged electrode C. Large electrode used to decrease current density at electrode site D. Intensity of current necessary to cause nerve excitation, given a long current duration E. Twice the rheobase F. Resistance to electrical current G. Amount of current flow per cubic area H. Electrode with greatest current density I. Muscle-twitch responses can no longer be distinguished J. Shortening of muscle myofilaments caused by increasing the frequency of muscle membrane depolarization K. A medium-frequency polyphasic AC wave with 50 burst-per-second envelopes L. Cyclic rising and falling waveform of interferential current 26. A) What is the total amount of resistance to current flow in a series and parallel circuit possessing two resistors, one of 10 ohms and another of 20 ohms. (4 points) (Show your work) B) If you add one circuit of 30 ohms to the above circuits, calculate the power and amps in each circuit if V=100volts. (4 points) Page 4 of 6

5 27. Explain how Interferential EMS works, how you would set-up a patient for Interferential, and why it is usually preferred for pain management. (8 points) Page 5 of 6

6 28. Based on class notes and discussions, Electrical Muscle Stimulation has 4 effects on the injured patient. 1) List what these 4 effects are; 2) Give an example of how you would utilize EMS for each of these effects; and 3) Describe the parameters you would implement to achieve these 4 effects. (10 points) Page 6 of 6