Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development
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1 Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development O. Costenoble, NEN Energy Resources April 14, 2010 Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 1
2 European Committee for Standardization CEN contributes to the objectives of the European Union with voluntary technical standards which promote free trade and complete the single market Multi-stakeholder, transparent process 1 CEN standard = access to 31 European countries and several affiliates (+ worldwide, via cooperation with a.o. ISO and ASTM) Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 2
3 CEN and biofuels Supports EU Directives on fuels quality/emissions (98/70 up to 2009/30), promotion of use of bio-fuels for transport (2003/30), renewable energy (2009/28) Several Mandates in relation to solid biofuels, solid recovered fuels, fatty acid (m)ethyl ester and bio-ethanol Relevant CEN Technical Bodies: CEN/TC 19 Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products on petroleum, synthetic and biological origin CEN/TC 383 Sustainably produced biomass for energy applications Workshops on E85, water-emulsified diesel, parrafinic diesel and pure plant oil Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 3
4 CEN/TC 19 fuel standards in response EN 228 unleaded petrol EN 590 automotive diesel fuel EN automotive biodiesel (FAME) fuel all with specific national climatic and labelling requirements EN fuels quality monitoring system EN ethanol blend component plus test methods for all the included properties Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 4
5 Unleaded petrol in EU Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 5
6 EN 15376: Ethanol Ethanol blend component specification implemented in 2007 Restricts process and logistics contaminants EN 228:2008 (petrol) allows 5% ethanol, following EC Fuel Quality Directive parallel development to draft E85 fuel specification (CEN/TS 15293) Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 6
7 Future of ethanol Issues to solve: inorganic chloride (catalyst impact) P. Mg, Ca (after treatment systems) sulfates (fuel station filters and Euro V engines) water content (corrosion vs. solution at higher%) acidity vs. electrical conductivity logistic chain impacts 0-100% blend component feasibility? Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 7
8 Future of petrol Revision of EN 228 Allow up to 10% ethanol (align with revised Fuels Quality Directive (2009/30/EC) ) Protection grade, waiver, etc. to be included Manganese test development for MMT limitation Volatility requirements with E10 Density impacts Impacts of other metals (Fe) Octane measurement on high ethanol blends Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 8
9 Diesel fuel in EU Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 9
10 EN Biodiesel Biodiesel specification implemented in 2003, revised in 2008 Properties and limits to protect performance and durability of combustion equipment Fuel can be used at 100% in adapted vehicles, or as a blend component in conventional diesel EN 590 (European diesel spec) allows 7% biodiesel since April 2009 Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 10
11 CEN and the outside world EU is a forerunner with (bio)diesel specs higher biodiesel blends driven by: domestic feedstock capacity, energy security and decrease in import of diesel, renewable energy policy (U.S. and EU) B100 specs usually reflect EN B20 and more rare products problems to be solved anywhere: cold flow, stability, gelification European experience will be essential 12 Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 12
12 EN questions political requirement to go to 10 % or beyond?release iodine value completely?allow for FAEE?oil dilution effects on DPF-exhaust systems?deposit forming?effects on new injection systems?effects on catalytic converters Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 13
13 Future of (bio)diesel Revision of EN 14124:2008 intermediate cold operability solution via limiting saturated monoglycerides and sterol-glucosides limitation of P, Na, K, Ca and Mg content FAME cetane measurement difficulties Development of B30 standalone specification EN 590 (diesel spec) to allow B10 cold operability and filterability issues and correlation? improved stability requirements + tests + correlation? Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 14
14 And next Despite the controversies that have surrounded biofuels over the last two years (e.g. ILUC, sustainability, food v. fuel, etc.) biofuels supply and demand are projected to grow Ethanol: 80% increase in worldwide demand Biodiesel: demand could triple between Higher blends (>10%) seem necessary even before 2020 in order to allow suppliers to fulfill FQD requirements Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 15
15 Conclusions CEN provides technical solutions for EC Directives EN and EN provide security for the customer and the future biofuel supplier s market Such solutions take time, but we try to accelerate where possible energy@nen.nl Biofuels technical standards and their role in market development 16
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