Offshore Wind Energy The Installation Challenge

Transcription

1 Offshore Wind Energy The Installation Challenge Prof. Dr. Martin Skiba Director Wind Energy Offshore RWE Innogy GmbH Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar London, 22 January 2010

2 Which steps have to be taken to construct an offshore windfarm? Example of Rhyl Flats offshore wind farm 2002: Jun - Sept 2007, Apr - Oct 2008: May - Jul 2008: Aug - Nov 2008: Apr - Oct 2009: Met Mast Installation Scour Protection (preparing seabed for installation) Installation of foundations Export Cable Laying Turbine Installation Inter array cable laying RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 2

3 Getting to the point: What are the major challenges in offshore installation? 1. Ensuring health & safety of workforce 2. Construction process is exposed to demanding weather conditions 3. All key components have to be installed in large numbers in deep water and high altitude 4. and carry a substantial individual weight 5. Availability and design of installation vessels crucial, but currently do not meet market requirements RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 3

4 Challenge Health & Safety: Safety of paramount importance for success Offshore installation works combine three extremely challenging types of work: Major offshore incidents in UK (RIDDOR reportable) 1) > work at sea > work at great heights > heavy lifting works RWE Innogy approach: > Strict health and safety procedures > Health, Safety & Environment (HSE) group of professionals looking after RWE Innogy staff and our subcontractors > Head of HSE with 35 years of offshore experience 1) Source: Offshore injury, ill health and incident statistics 2007/2008, Health & Safety Executive Hazardous Installations Directorate Offshore Division, UK RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 4

5 Challenge Weather: Weather changes carry significant financial risk exposure > Winter months offer a significantly lower number of days with adequate conditions and seriously impede installation works > This makes installation works extremely time critical > Bad weather can significantly delay the entire project > Delays do not only result in increased installation costs, but also in foregone revenues from power generation January February Average days with good weather 1 March April May June July August September October November December 1 12 hours installation windows per month at 1.5 m significant wave height and maximum wind speed of 10 m/s, statistical values for German North Sea RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 5

6 Challenge Component Weight: Deepwater installations require giant component dimensions Monopiles weight: ca. 250 t plus transition piece ca. 180 t height: ca. 30 m material: steel turbine: 3.6 MW weight: ca. 2,500 t height: ca. 60 m material: concrete turbines: 5/6 MW weight: ca. 1,000 t height: ca. 60 m material: steel turbines: 5/6 MW Gravity Foundations Jackets RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 6

7 Challenge Component Weight: Turbines are getting larger and heavier > The REpower 5M Facts: weight: - nacelle: 320 t - rotor: 130 t hub height: 100 m rotor diameter: 126 m Rotor diameter Hub height Nominal capacity 30 kw 80 kw 250 kw 600 kw 1,500 kw 3,000 kw 6,000 kw Rotor diameter 15 m 20 m 30 m 46 m 70 m 90 m 126 m Hub height 30 m 40 m 50 m 78 m 100 m 105 m 135 m Source: Bundesverband Windenergie, BTM Consult World Market Update 2008 (March 2009). RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 7

8 Challenge Component Logistics: Large number of turbines and foundations RWE Innogy project pipeline: 0.76 GW installed by 2013 Project pipeline of 9.7 GW (pro rata) and 6.4 GW (accounting view) as of December 2009, incl. UK Round 3 Critical mass reached to contemplate alternative logistic supply strategy Example Gwynt y Môr: 576 MW capacity, 160 turbines RWE Innogy s Offshore Wind Projects Inch Cape Dogger Bank Triton Knoll North Hoyle Gwynt y Môr Rhyl Flats Bristol Channel Greater Gabbard Nordsee Ost Innogy Nordsee 1 Tromp Binnen Thornton Bank Projects in operation or under construction Projects consented or in development RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 8

9 Challenge Installation Vessels: 1) Availability of vessels is extremely limited Operating Company A2Sea MPI Siemens Smit Jack Up Barge BV Vessel name Sea Worker Sea Jack Resolution Titan 2 Lisa JB114/JB115 Vessel dimensions 55 x 32 m 91 x 33 m 130 x 38 m 54 x 34 m 73 x 40 m 55 x 32 m Max. turbine size (Crane) 3.6 MW 5-6 MW 3.6 MW 3.6 MW 3.6 MW <5.0 MW Max. depth (Jack up system) 40 m 35 m 35 m >40 m 33 m 40 m Dong Dong Centrica A2Sea Sea Worker A2Sea Sea Jack MPI Resolution Smit Lisa Jack-Up Barge BV JB114 Siemens Titan 2 Market after A2Sea deal: > A2Sea, the company with the most expertise, assets and manpower, is no longer available. It built 60% of operational offshore wind farms, and was bought by DONG > 40% of market assets are no longer available RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 9

10 Challenge Installation Vessels: 2) Design of existing vessels does not meet offshore needs 50 m Water depth 45 m 40 m 35 m 30 m 25 m 20 m 15 m Existing Offshore Wind Farms Future Offshore Wind Farms RWE Innogy Dong Centrica Dong 10 m 5 m m 0.0 MW 1.0 MW 2.0 MW 3.0 MW 4.0 MW 5.0 MW 6.0 MW Turbine size Maximum conditions for current installation vessels Offshore wind projects (online or under construction) RWE Offshore wind projects (online or under construction) Planned RWE Offshore wind projects RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 10

11 Our approach: In the end it comes down to perfect project organisation, logistics and own vessels Seabreeze Programme: > Construction of 2 self propelled Jack-Up vessels > Specially designed for turbines in the 5 to 6 MW class > and deepwater environment: possibility to be used in water depth > 45 meters (using leg extensions) > Less exposed to weather conditions RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 11

12 Back-up RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 12

13 Focus on wind, hydro and biomass while also supporting new technologies RWE Innogy Overview Business Area > Established in February 2008 > Bundling renewables activities and competencies across RWE Group Focus on capacity growth in commercially mature renewable technologies, i.e. wind, biomass and hydro Research & Development and Venture Capital to drive the development of emerging technologies, e.g. solar, geothermal, marine > European focus > Asset portfolio of 2.1 GW capacity in operation and 0.5 GW under construction mainly located in United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, Italy and France (Accounting view + PPA as at Q3 2009) > Project pipeline of 18.9 GW capacity of wind, hydro and biomass (Accounting view + PPA as at Q3 2009) Wind Onshore Wind Offshore Hydro Biomass New Applications Focus and Strategy Key technology for capacity growth Focus on organic growth Focus markets include Germany, UK, Spain, Italy, Netherlands, France and Central- and South-Eastern Europe Key technology for capacity growth Organic growth strategy leveraging strong position in UK Focus markets include UK, Germany and Netherlands Run-of-river projects and storage plants Development of hydro power projects Focus areas are South- Eastern Europe and Turkey Development of biomass plants Regional focus on RWE core markets and Central- and South- Eastern Europe Driving innovative renewable technologies towards commercial stage through Venture Capital and R&D and proving large scale commercial feasibility by operating demonstration plants RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 13

14 Strong European footprint with focus on wind and hydro (as of 30 September 2009) In MW el Onshore Wind Hydro Biomass Offshore Wind Biogas Solar Total NL RWE Innogy 1) operational capacities: Accounting View 2) + Power Purchase Agreements, Q Germany UK Spain Netherlands France Switzerland Czech Republic 416 1) 288 4) [135 5) ] ) ) Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Biomass Hydro New Applications UK BE France GER Switzerland Czech Republic Portugal Total RWE Innogy 1, ) ,057 RWE Innogy 1) operational capacities: Pro Rata View 3) + Power Purchase Agreements, Q Portugal Spain Germany UK Spain Netherlands France Switzerland Czech Republic Portugal Belgium Total RWE Innogy 416 1) 288 4) [135 5) ] ) , ) 60 2) < ,039 1) Essent contributed 232 MW onshore wind assets in the Netherlands and 405 MW in Germany as of September 30, ) Capacity with <50% RWEI ownership is consolidated to 0 MW, capacity with 50% is consolidated to 50% of capacity, and capacity with >50% RWEI ownership is consolidated to 100% of capacity. 3) Capacity equal to share of ownership. 4) 288 MW = 92 MW Innogy wholly owned assets MW of Zephyr assets. RWE Innogy operates 483 MW, of this 391 MW (331 MW onshore/60 MW offshore) is owned by Zephyr Investments Ltd which is 1/3 owned by RWE Innogy. Of the 331 MW onshore, 196 MW is 100% contracted to RWE npower through PPAs (power purchase agreements). The remaining 92 MW is onshore and 100% owned by RWE Innogy and 100% contracted to RWE npower through a PPA. The offshore capacity of 60 MW is 100% contracted to RWE npower through a PPA. 5) An additional capacity of 135 MW is contracted to the NFPA (Non-Fossil Fuel Purchasing Agency, est to support renewables by offering long term PPAs and new projects were typically contracted in this way until the introduction of the Renewables Obligation in 2002). 6) Including 32 MW of biomass/fossil mix, 14 MW of fossil capacity. RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 14

15 RWE Innogy has a significant pipeline of 18.9 GW wind, hydro and biomass projects (as of 30 September 2009) Project pipeline by technology & status (electricity generation capacity in GW) Accounting View + Power Purchase Agreements 1) Pro Rata View + Power Purchase Agreements 2) New Applications Hydro Biomass Offshore Wind Onshore Wind In Operation Under Construction Pipeline Status 1 Pipeline Status 2 Pipeline Status 3 Total Pipeline Note: Pipeline status 1 Permitted projects: all permits (including grid) in place, but not yet under construction Pipeline status 2 Unconsented projects: RWEI has rights to the project, e.g. land agreements Pipeline status 3 Prospects: identified sites with a known MW capacity, initial discussion on agreements In Operation Under Construction Pipeline Status 1 Pipeline Status 2 Pipeline Status 3 Total Pipeline 1) For pipeline projects no power purchase agreement (PPA) is assumed. Therefore pipeline projects with <50% RWEI ownership are consolidated to 0MW, pipeline projects with 50% are consolidated to 50% of capacity, and pipeline projects with >50% RWE Innogy ownership are consolidated to 100% of capacity. 2) For pipeline projects no power purchase agreement (PPA) is assumed. Pipeline capacity equal to share of ownership. RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 15

16 We plan to increase the installed generation capacity significantly Capacity growth targets (in GW, pro rata) Assets in operation or under construction Assets under construction Assets in operation Essent Assets in operation RWE Innogy 1.3 1) Dec ) 2.5 3) TWh/a 4) > 10 Dec 2008 Sept Value oriented growth strategy > Objective is profitable growth of renewables business > We want to increase our capacity to 4.5 GW in operation or under construction by 2012 and exceed 10 GW by 2020 Strong organic growth (incl. development of acquired pipeline) and selective strategic acquisitions Average investments of at least 1 bn p.a. Value creation in line with RWE's strict investment criteria > We will be operating in markets we know our focus is on Europe > Innovative renewable technologies offer additional growth options 1) Composed of 1,100 MW capacity in operation and 211 MW under construction (pro rata). 2) Composed of 1,271 MW capacity in operation and 470 MW under construction (pro rata). 3) Composed of 2,039 MW capacity in operation (incl. 637 MW Essent, which was consolidated as of Sept 30, 2009) and 482 MW under construction (pro rata). 4) Minimum annually generated electricity to be achieved from 2013 onwards on the basis of the 4.5 GW target. RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 16

17 Risk diversification across technologies, regions and support mechanisms RWE Innogy target portfolio by generation capacity Onshore Wind country (electricity generation) Italy Other Biomass Netherlands Hydro Offshore Wind Germany electricity generation Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Biomass Hydro support mechanism (electricity generation) Power Price only Premium Tariff Other Certificate Spain UK Feed-In Tariff RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 17

18 RWE Innogy focus: Offshore wind is an engineering skill & scale game European Market Features > Maturing technology with high rate of innovation, but limited track record > Current land grap for offshore wind pipeline > Main growth countries are Germany and the UK > Few suppliers with proven technology > Technology with relatively high generation cost per MWh but existing support mechanisms provide attractive remuneration > Large scale projects often funded through partnerships models Opportunities > Wind resource better than onshore (load factors 35%+) > Attractive growth opportunities & industrial scale projects > Technology progress with significant cost reduction potential > Strong political support reduces regulatory risks Challenges > Tight supply situation across the value chain > Relative to onshore wind, high maintenance risks far out at sea: safety, costs, access, technology > Limited best practice track record available make it a skill game RWE Innogy Strengths > Secure key value chain technologies (e.g. turbines, vessels) > Recruit best offshore experts available > Stepwise approach from nearshore to farshore to minimise risks RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 18

19 Offshore wind power: RWE Innogy has strong starting position in the UK Offshore wind capacity United Kingdom 150 MW 1) Markets and operations Technology & markets > Immature market: 1.5 GW installed offshore wind capacity in EU-27 in 2008 > Strong market growth in medium to long term Time horizon depends on technical progress and development of approval procedures > Significant technological challenges remain especially in offshore foundations and structures > Trends: Technical hurdles overcome, allocation of attractive sites, development of projects, M&A of projects RWE Innogy's assets (Accounting view + PPA) > 150 MW offshore wind farm (North Hoyle 1), Rhyl Flats) in operation and 252 MW (Greater Gabbard) under construction > 27% stake in Belgian offshore wind project Thornton Bank - 30 MW of planned total capacity of 300 MW already operational RWE Innogy presence 1) Owned by Zephyr Investments Ltd which is 1/3 owned by RWE Innogy UK. The 60 MW capacity is 100% contracted to RWE npower through PPAs (power purchase agreements). RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 19

20 Future projects in deeper water and further offshore Water Depth [m] Thornton Bank Innogy Nordsee 1 Dan-Tysk Alpha Ventus 30 Gode Wind Greater Gabbard Belwind Nordsee Ost 25 Côte d'albâtre Thanet Princess Amalia (Q7) Sheringham Shoal Amrum Bank West 20 Barrow Triton Knoll Egmond aan Zee Butendiek Baltic 1 London Array 15 Samso Lincs Gwynt y Môr Horns Rev 2 Rhyl Flats North Hoyle 10 Lynn & Horns Rev Inner Dowsing Lillgrund Rødsand II Nysted NordergründeCommercial Gunfleet Sands 5 Scroby Sands Robin Rigg Burbo Bank Kentish Flats 0 Planned OWF Arklow Bank Pioneer Phase Beatrice Field X Sandbank 24 Bard Offshore 1 Albatros Hochseewindpark De Dreiht Global Tech 1 Hochsee Windpark Nordsee Shore Distance [km] UK Round 3 East Coast RWE Innogy Offshore Projects RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 20

21 Offshore Wind project in operation: North Hoyle > Total generation capacity 60 MW > 30 Vestas V 80 turbines with 2 MW each (10 km 2 ) > 7 km off the North Wales coast > Shallow water: 7 11 m (LAT) > Operational since first commercial offshore project in UK, more than 5 years operational experience > Total project costs of 80 m North Hoyle Construction Diary Wind turbine foundations Boat landings Transition pieces Export cables Wind turbines Offshore cable works First power generation Apr Jul 2003 Jun Aug 2003 Jul Aug 2003 Aug Oct 2003 Aug 2003 Mar 2004 Sept Dec 2003 Nov 2003 RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 21

22 Offshore Wind project in operation: Rhyl Flats > 90 MW (25 turbines Siemens 3.6 MW) > 8 km off the coast > Water depth around 15 m > Wind farm area 10 km 2 > Fully consented in December 2002, construction started in August 2008, operational since December 2009 > Total investment 280 m (Under construction) RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 22

23 Offshore Wind project under construction: Greater Gabbard > 504 MW (RWE Innogy with 50% share) > 140 Siemens turbines 3.6 MW with monopiles (147 km 2 ) > Shore distance km, m water depth > Installation start in 2009, installation in two stages > First generation early in 2011, fully operational in late 2011 > Investment of around 1.3 bn (excl. grid connection) RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 23

24 Offshore Wind project under development: Gwynt y Môr (Operating) > Capacity of 576 MW > 160 Siemens turbines with each 3.6 MW capacity (124 km 2 ) > 13 km off the coast of North Wales > Water depth m > Application submitted in 2005 > Consent received 3 rd December 2008 > Consent for grid connection received > Installation planned in three stages in RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 24

25 Offshore Wind project under development: Nordsee Ost > 35 km north from Helgoland > Capacity 288 MW > 48 x 6 MW REpower turbines (34 km 2 ) > Water depth about m > Building permission since June 2004 > Offshore construction to commence in September 2011, first generation in 2012, full commissioning in 2013 > Stable wind conditions proven by metering mast in operation since April 2005 > Grid connection point: Brunsbüttel > 90 km sea cable / 45 km land cable > Voltage level: 150 kv/ac Nordsee Ost RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 25

26 Offshore Wind project under development: Innogy Nordsee 1 (former ENOVA NSWP3) > Capacity of approx. 1,000 MW > Approx. 165 turbines REpower 6M > German Bight, 40 km off shore of the Isle Juist, water depth m; area 146 km² > Nearly 4,000 full load hours > Preferred area according to German regulations > Consent expected in 2009 > Soil investigation 2009 > Expected fully operational in 2016 > Investment of approx. 2.8 bn > Annual CO 2 reduction of approx. 3.1 million tonnes RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 26

27 Offshore Wind project: Thornton Bank > Capacity up to 300 MW (RWE Innogy with 26.7% share) > 29 km off Belgian coast in around 20 m water depth (service port: Oostende) > To be equipped with 60 REpower turbines of 5 MW class > First six turbines with 5 MW capacity each already installed by June 2009 (market leading warranty package) another four project phases due to follow by 2013 > Around 1,000 GWh annual electricity generation (equals ca. 40% load factor) > Gravity base foundations concrete basis, constructed on land, floated to sea and filled with sand to secure RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 27

28 Offshore Wind project under development: Tromp Binnen > Sub location of Tromp (red area) > 295 MW capacity (59 turbines with 5 MW capacity each) > Size of 33 km 2 > Cable distance to shore 75 km > Water depth m > Consent received in November 2009 > Construction planned to commence in 2012/2013 fully operational in 2015 > Soil type (fine-medium w. sand, slip sand); Foundation: Gravity RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 28

29 Offshore Wind project under development: Bristol Channel Zone (UK Round 3) > Located 14 km from North Devon and 18 km South Wales > Maximum capacity 1, 500 MW (250 x 6 MW turbines) > Consent programmed for Q > Grid connection secured in North Devon > Overall area size of 333 km 2 > Water depth m > Wind speed of 9.6 m/s > RWE Innogy is sole developer - opportunity to partner at consent or sooner with Crown Estate consent RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 29

30 Offshore Wind project under development: Dogger Bank (UK Round 3) > UK Round 3 site development by Forewind consortium (RWE Innogy, SSE, Statoil and Statkraft with 25% each) > Development of 9,000 MW capacity - 1,500 x 6 MW turbines (maximum capacity 12,000 MW) > Zone development plan: four tranches of 3 or 4 projects (each project 1GW) > Consent from 2013 onwards > First turbine installation planned for 2017 at the earliest > Distance to shore 125 km > Overall area size of 8,640 km 2 > Water depth m > Wind speed of 10.2 m/s RWE Innogy Nomura Offshore Wind Seminar 22 January 2010 PAGE 30