Safeguarding Investments and Risk Exposure

Transcription

1 Service & Installation Vessel / Wind Farm Project Certification Claus Winter Graugaard & Andreas G. Jensen

2 Presentation overview Introduction Wind Turbine Installation (WTI) vessels Wind farm maintenance & service craft Wind farm project certification 2 Courtesy of A2SEA / MPI

3 Major Risks in Offshore Wind Farms Wind energy uncertainty Construction Turbine technology Turbine foundations Subsea cables Grid connection Offshore access Marine conditions Regulatory regime 3

4 Combining DNV competencies 40+ years of offshore oil & gas experience 30 years of hands-on experience with wind turbines 45 years of offshore oil & gas experience a 150 years of maritime experience 4

5 Offshore wind DNV s contribution Wind farm development Energy production Application for Permission Project planning and contracting Production / manufacturing of components Installation Maintenance and repair Certification Services Advisory Services Strategic Decision Support and Due Diligence Classification Technology Qualification Type and Project Certification Operational Excellence 5

6 Tailored rules and standards - offshore wind Wind farm development Energy production Application for Permission Project planning and contracting Production / manufacturing of components Installation Maintenance and repair Jack-ups: DNV-OS-J301 WFSV - HSLC Pt.5 Ch.9-10 Ship Rules Pt.5 Ch.7 Sec.22 6

7 Wind turbine installation units Wind farm development Energy production Application for Permission Project planning and contracting Production / manufacturing of components Installation Maintenance and repair Classification 7

8 Regime based on planned operation Decision by flag authority Regulatory Environment Installation units STATIONARY i) Offshore Support/Crane Unit Offshore Rules MODU code ii) Self-elevating cargo ship Ship Rules MODU + SOLAS + + SPS iii) Cargo ship Ship Rules SOLAS + SPS MOBILE 8

9 Issued in October 2010 DNV-OS-J301 Rules for Classification of Wind Turbine Installation Units 9

10 DNV class the first purpose built WTI vessel, Cosco Nantong 2003 MPI Resolution Photo: MPI Offshore Length = 130m Breadth= 38m Transit speed = 11 knots Photo: World Market Intelligence 11

11 Some ongoing DNV projects A2SEA Sea Installer MPI Adventure & Discovery DDW Batam 1 +1 unit 2 units Fred Olsen Windcarrier 1 unit 2+2 units 12

12 Growth in size of commercial wind turbine designs 13

13 Summary of available WTI units in the market 60-70% may not be suitable for new offshore developments - Insufficient crane capacity or - Insufficient size of vessel to support a large crane - Weather restrictions - Can not cope with the offshore environment motions too great - No self propulsion / slow speed May be used for support, maintenance and close to shore operations 14

14 Wind Turbine Installation - future Innovation - new concepts Improved utilisation and higher efficiency Continued focus on cost effective solutions Combine Offshore and Maritime experience Image: A2SEA 15

15 Different thinking 16

16 Wind farm maintenance & repair Wind farm development Energy production Application for Permission Project planning and contracting Production / manufacturing of components Installation Maintenance and repair SERVICE 1/2 Classification Picture courtesy of South Boats Ltd. 17

17 Wind turbine maintenance and repair Wind turbine reliability - downtime roughly 3%. Approx stops per year. Access offshore typically requires one vessel per 30 turbines. During commissioning demand for vessels is higher Need for service vessels providing access for personnel and equipment during installation, commissioning and service is substantial 18

18 Accessing offshore wind farms Very early days some local charter vessels were utilised Market has developed dramatically predominantly based on catamaran designs Service speed essential to maximise technician time on turbine, knots Proprietary designs emerging to meet needs of rougher sea conditions Austal Ships Wind Express Tri Swath 28 (Picture courtesy of Austal Limited) Windfarm Service Vessel (Picture courtesy of South Boats Ltd.) 19

19 Challenges Regulatory and Operational Non-convention vessels (up to 12 workers and length 24m) - Non-convention built to domestic standards - Transfer between jurisdictions problematic - Commercial impact resale/ charter - Increased distances offshore safety - Access motions and response in waves Photo: South Boats Ltd Convention vessels (up to 60 workers) - No internationally agreed standard other than HSC Code - HSC Code not intended for this size of vessel or type of operation - Possibly sleep over onboard 20

20 Solutions to the regulatory challenges - Stakeholder discussions Flag States, operators/ charterers, yards, designers and class. - Establish a common technical framework for high speed service craft - Based on equivalent safety to HSC Code - Transparent rule set which sets recognised safety levels 21

21 Scope of DNV s new rules Disciplines Core class disciplines (construction) Structure and equipment Arrangement Machinery and systems Control and monitoring systems Electrical systems Cargo handling arrangement and systems Typical statutory disciplines (safety) Stability Watertight and weathertight integrity Fire safety Lifesaving appliances Navigation and radio equipment 22

22 In the news es/2010/theworldsfirstclassrulesforwindfarms ervicevessels.asp 23

23 Fundamental principles Safety principles given in the HSC Code constitute a basis for the technical requirements Rules provide an equivalent level of safety to HSC Cargo Redundant propulsion concept Distinguished from HSC passenger as workers are expected to be trained and able bodied - All workers have sea survival and medical certificate - All workers shall have access to immersion/anti exposure suit - Workers are given a safety briefing/familiarisation (safety video) - Workers are not permitted on deck during transit Limited amounts of cargo (compared to HSC Cargo) The trading certificate is issued by the Administration 24

24 Framework for DNV s new rules Windfarm Service 1 / Service 1 - A complete technical standard for vessels up to 24m carrying up to 12 workers - Includes requirements to construction and safety - Trading certificate is issued by the Administration in the normal way Windfarm Service 2 / Service 2 - A class standard for vessels carrying more than 12 workers with up to 60 persons onboard - Includes requirements to construction - Trading certificate is issued by the Administration in the normal way Windfarm Service 2 (Safety) / Service 2 (Safety) - A complete technical standard for vessels carrying more than 12 workers with up to 60 persons onboard - Includes requirements to construction and to safety - The standard is based on the HSC2000 code using the principle of equivalent safety as stated by the code - Trading certificate is issued by the Administration in the normal way 25

25 Key highlights of the rules compared to existing HSLC Machinery & electrical systems - Simplification of approval and certification requirements for main components - Main engines <2500 KW = type approval only - For craft <24m; non-integrated control system not subject to approval - For WFSV1 capacity of emergency source of power Structure - Requirements to cargo deck, fendering, crane and bow strength in way of docking Arrangement & stability - For craft <24m; no double bottom or helicopter pick up area - For craft <24m; one compartment damage, no bottom raking - Flush cargo hatches Fire safety - No sprinkler system in accommodation - For craft <24m; one fire pump, SFP in engine room A30 unless adjacent FO Lifesaving - Safety of personnel transfer - Rescue zone, search light and recovery equipment - Immersions suits for all persons onboard 26

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27 DNV Wind Energy Who are we? Total staff of 200+ mainly Engineers Competence Center for Wind Energy Certification Copenhagen - staff 35 Other DNV wind offices: Seattle Boston Houston - London Aberdeen Hamburg - Oslo Pusan Shanghai - Singapore 28

28 Offshore Wind - Combining DNV competences + = 30 years of Type Certification of wind turbines 40+ years of offshore oil & gas experience 45+ years of offshore oil & gas experience Global leader in Certification of offshore wind projects 29

29 Type Certification of Wind Turbines Type Certification creates confidence between manufacturer and stakeholders DNV Type Certification for the most applied offshore wind turbines: Siemens SWT SWT (and 101) Vestas V90 The wind turbines will be verified for the offshore site under Project Certification 30

30 Offshore Wind Standard - DNV-OS-J101 Provides principles, technical requirements and guidance for offshore wind turbine structures In compliance with IEC : Design requirements for offshore wind turbines Courtesy: Bente Vestergaard DNV 31

31 DNV Offshore Codes - three level hierarchy OFFSHORE SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS Provide principles and procedures of DNV classifications, certification and consultancy services OFFSHORE STANDARDS Provide technical provisions and acceptance criteria for general use by the offshore industry as well as the technical basis for DNV offshore service RECOMMENDED PRACTICES Provide proven technology and sound engineering practice as well as guidance for the higher level Offshore Service Specifications and Offshore Standards 32

32 DNV Project Certification Scheme DNV Project Certificate Certificate Validation DNV Scheme I Design Basis II Design III Manufacturing IV Installation V Commissioning VI In- Service Statement of Compliance Statement of Compliance Statement of Compliance Statement of Compliance Statement of Compliance The DNV Scheme as the IEC, German and US National systems all follow the project time line however split of tasks vary Cradle Grave 33

33 Elements consider by DNV in Project Certification DNV SCHEME ELEMENTS PHASES WIND TURBINE SUPPORT STRUCTURE SUBSTATION CABLES DESIGN BASIS DESIGN MANUFACTURING INSTALLATION COMMISSIONING ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 34

34 Target safety level and safety class DNV-OS-J101 Target safety level is a nominal annual probability of failure of 10-4 Corresponds to the Normal safety class used for structures whose failures imply some risk for: Personal injuries Pollution Minor societal losses Possibility of significant economic consequences (implies unmanned) Represents DNV s interpretation of the safety level inherent in the normal safety class for wind turbines defined in IEC

35 Why is a dedicated Standard & Verification Scheme relevant? Increases investors and insurance companies willingness to engage Enhances competition Drives offshore wind development ahead Facilitates evaluation and comparison of proposals Facilitates trading of offshore assets Credibility to the statements is given through the wide spread use of DNV s standard since its first issue in 2004: The DNV Offshore Wind Turbine standard DNV-OS-J101 has been applied for 50 offshore wind projects with a total capacity of more than 5000 MW. 36

36 Offshore Wind Farm Projects DNV verification activities: London Array LINCS Thanet Walney I & II Greater Gabbard Barrow Kentish Flats Burbo Lynn & Inner Dowsing Rhyl Flats Robin Rigg Teeside Gunfleet Sands I & II West of Duddon Thornton Banks Egmond aan Zee Horns Rev II 37

37 Offshore Substations for Wind Farms DNV-OS-J201 Standard released October 2009 Safety level is High Safety Class Table of contents: (1) Introduction (2) Formal Safety Assessment (3) Arrangement Principles (4) Structural Design (5) Fire and Explosion Protection (6) Access and Transfer (7) Emergency Response (8) Construction (9) In-service Inspection and Maintenance Appendices: Risk Management & HAZID Source: Siemens AG 38

38 Lillgrund Transformer Station Deliverables Transformer Station: DNV Verification of Structure & Electrical 39

39 What is special about Offshore Wind? Offshore Wind Multidisciplinary with Considerable Interactions Structure Lightning Aeroelasticity Hydroelasticity Corrosion Geotechnics Wind Ocean Meteorology Soil Earthquake Erosion (scour) 40

40 What is special about wind turbine Design Loads? A) Fatigue Limit State (FLS) is a design driver: (pile thickness for monopiles) Load ratio: Environmental Gravity > Environmental Gravity Wind Oil &Gas Need consideration and check that codes are calibrated for this condition B) Structural damping of support structure/ soil: Increased importance with increasing water depth and wind/ wave misalignment 41

41 Contractual and Technical Interfaces are Key Issues Management of interfaces are challenging: Contractual interfaces Task responsible and interactions: Technical interfaces Developper Design loop management iterative process Developer to control skilled suppliers can be a challenge for starters Design Basis Site Conditions General requiements for Design Basis Design Basis Foundation & Substructure Design Basis Wind turbines incl. tower Design Basis substation Contractor A Contractor B Turbine supplier Independent Verification Body can facilitate the process Certification will secure technical compliance Detailed Design Load and response of the integrated wind turbine/foundation structure Detailed Design WT Foundations & Substructure Detailed Design Wind Turbines & Tower Detailed design Substation foundation & Substructure 42

42 Lillgrund Wind Power Plant Factual: Located of the coast of Malmö in The Sound 48 Siemens Wind Power 2.3 MW Turbines Size 110 MW electricity for households Investment 200 million Project Partners: Developed and operated by Vattenfall Designer NIRAS consulting engineers Contractor Pihl Hochtief JV (DNV contract) Wind turbine supplier Siemens Wind Power Transformer substation Siemens 43

43 Challenge Facing Vattenfall First in-house developed offshore wind farm To establish codes/standards for the design Shortage of staff with wind turbine/ offshore foundation expertise Need to assure the quality of the substructure/ Wind turbine Failure is not an option Prestige & highly visual location Safeguard the investment New technology - higher risk Ensure the information exchange across project interfaces 44

44 Solutions Provided by DNV First time Involve company with expertise from previous projects DNV offer a standard that provides a safety level adequate for Offshore Wind DNV remedy staff shortage through Quality Assurance of the design DNV standard and offshore expertise reduces project risk DNV close the technical interface gab 45

45 A Happy Ending Thank you for your Attention 300 MW Thanet OWF - Handover of Statements June

46 Safeguarding life, property and the environment 47

47 Supporting you in the offshore renewable segment Broad competence in wind and market overview Innovative solutions to complex regulatory and operating environments New Wind Farm Service Vessel Standard Launched 1 st January 2011 Contact: DNV Copenhagen copenhagen.maritime@dnv.com or windenergy@dnv.com 48