Using industrial ecology for energy transition of Marseilles-Fos s port city

Transcription

1 Using industrial ecology for energy transition of Marseilles-Fos s port city Nicolas Mat Industrial ecology manager and PhD student Conference of E-harbours Movement in Amsterdam Metropolitan Area Energy transition in ports and cities 22 April Taets - Zaanstad

2 Guidelines Industrial ecology in port areas Low carbon strategy of Marseille Port Authority Perspectives (a new step)

3 Industrial ecology in port areas

4 Natural resources Natural resources Waste Pollution Products A shared understanding of Industrial Ecology / Circular Economy Change the linear nature of anthropogenic systems Into non-linear anthropogenic ecosystems Waste Products Pollution Products Synergies Dematerialisation Low carbon

5 Port and harbor areas, relevant laboratories for industrial ecology Gates for major material, waste and energy flows Emissions Areas of high economic interest (capacity to link the global and the local ) Industrial risks Air quality They concentrate strategic issues (enabling the development of complementary activities along major corridors of communication and exacerbating social and political relations between involved stakeholders). Input Land pressure Added value Development of activities Environmental impacts Sanitary impacts Output Questions of stakeholders

6 International feedback An international survey and cross analysis ( ) International survey and cross analysis ( ) 31 case studies 21 visited sites More than 70 stakeholders interviewed M Atome

7 International feedback Patterns of P-I initiatives The port as an self-sufficient exemplary area The port as a driver for local implementation of IE The port as a node in an inter-port IE network Cerceau et al, 2014 (Journal of Cleaner Production) 7

8 French context Development of research and implementation since 2000s Research projects dealing with industrial ecology / circular economy in ports areas DEPART Project Co-developing relevant tools for the implementation of industrial ecology in harbor territories REX Project Being inspired by other harbors initiatives to implement industrial ecology Several initiatives illustrating new smart links between port and cities : The energy transition in the heart of the actions and strategies identified A national dynamic and a network in progress Source: national workshop held in Paris, April 2013

9 Focus on Marseille (France) Source: Chapelon, L., Cybergeo

10 Marseille-Fos: France s leading port The 3rd largest oil port in the world (overall traffic in 2012 amounting to almost 86 M tons, including M tons of hydrocarbons) As a generalist port, it handles all kinds of goods: hydrocarbons and bulk liquids (oil, gas and chemical products), general cargo (containers and other packaging) solid bulk (minerals and cereals). Containers terminal GNL terminal Caps Vrac (clinker and PV panels)

11 Traffic (Mt) Marseille-Fos: France s leading port but Strengths and weaknesses of the specialization of activities s-1970s Transition 1970s-2000s Regime s-,,, Transition Total traffic (Mt) Hydrocarbons (without LNG) LNG From Mat et al, 2015 (Journal of Cleaner Production) Evolution of total and hydrocarbon traffic in Marseille port area 2000s : a turning point in Marseille s socio-ecological evolution (loss of 10 million tons of hydrocarbons; closing of refinery; reorganization of the steel industry)

12 Low carbon strategy of Marseille Port Authority Aware of its vulnerability in the context of energy transition, the industrial port complex of Marseille-Fos was engaged for several years in a strategic approach, articulating: energy transition (new production and distribution of energy, trade flow and sharing of services between local actors) renewal of the port-city interface (new modes of governance). And based on three main pillars: energy efficiency by optimizing production and logistics processes, production of renewable energy by mobilizing local resources solar wind, geothermal, and biomass industrial ecology (since 2004) by promoting the development of new synergies between port industries

13 Source : Bavuz et Carrese, 2013 Industrial ecology (IE) in Marseille-Fos A port authority involved in IE thinking since 2004 MFA, technological mapping, research projects to identify sources of energy recovery in partnership with the municipalities Already, some examples of implementation : IE in the port strategy creation of attractive industrial synergies for new activities, thinking about the role of port as an energy operator, better territorial nesting through implementation of industrial and urban synergies (Development of an «IE master plan») Synergy by upgrading of cold on the LNG terminal at Fos Tonkin between Elengy and Air Liquide

14 Implementation of PIICTO platform Key figures 3,000 jobs Global sales of more than 2 billion Annual fees of 28 million in 2013 Maritime traffic = 5 MT, including 2.2 million tons of LNG, 2 MT of bulk and 800 KT of chemicals. Use of 43% of the total land area (1200 hectares). Development potential = hectares. Main objective: consolidate entities in the scope of PIICTO to structure all the activities of the platform in a common goal of improving their competitiveness and development of industrial activities and innovation on the platform

15 PIICTO Platform How? By developing industrial ecology and establishing a common local governance to prepare the establishment of a structure (GIE) or similar type What? Steam network building Circular Economy (raw materials and services) Innovation (research projects Innovex platform) Power to gas / GRT Gaz Vasco2 / remediation of CO2 by algae Bio fuel production PPRTs / Governance (PPRTs 2013 requirements) Promotion (international prospective approach)

16 Current issues Complexity of organization A lot of initiatives included in a same area (with a moving perimeter), with different methodologies and a diversity of stakeholders (one or several leaders?) Differences between scale of implementation and scale of strategy Questions What kind of governance, which relevant scale? Operator «interface»? Business models (to begin and to develop?) Evolution of port authority? Mobilization of new resources?

17 Perspectives (a new step)

18 Evolution of Marseille port-city interface More information about socio-ecological evolution of Marseille in : Durban th World Conference Cities and Ports (Plenary session 5: Smart port, smart city: how to match performance to challenges) available online Mat, N., Cerceau, J., Shi, L., Park, H-S., Junqua, G., Lopez-Ferber, M., Socio-ecological transitions toward low-carbon port cities: trends, changes and adaptation processes in Asia and Europe. (Special Volume of the Journal of Cleaner Production entitled Towards post fossil carbon societies: regenerative and preventative eco-industrial development.)

19 From Mat et al, 2015 (Journal of Cleaner Production) Evolution of port-city interface New local challenges Regime s-2000s Redevelopment of the waterfront Trends in globalization Transition 2000s- Search for territorial reconnection via metropolization A structural change Transition of port management (new commercialization tactics and strategies including IE, technological mapping, and energy services) National port reform (ports were invited to reconnect with their local context and especially re-build the portcity interface). Deal with a new perimeter for issues management Creation of Aix-Marseille-Provence metropolitan area, to go beyond the polycentric spatial and economic organization of the area in order to rebuild territorial coherence with local stakeholders IE is involved in the metropolitan strategy

20 Metropolitan energy issues Deal with the energy metabolism (3 main sectors) : Industry Transport Residential An administrative area (still in building until 2016) which aims to gather 92 municipalities How to involve all local stakeholders (port authority, industry, public authorities, research, etc.) in a common vision of area? Etang de Berre: a territory more consumer (12.9 Mtep) than producer (1.4 Mtep). Industrial actors consume 63% of the energy of the metropolitan area

21 Considering the future metropolitan perimeter as a real opportunity to build a Smart port city! From Mat et al, 2015 (Journal of Cleaner Production) Subsystems (IP; U; A) My conception of perimeter: a global and integrated system (port landscape)

22 Study and development of smart links Need of a systemic and interdisciplinary approach Assessment of vulnerability and capacity of adaptation Which interactions? From Mat et al, 2015 (Journal of Cleaner Production) Exchanges of flows (synergies) and development of new opportunities between Industry, Agriculture and City

23 Thank you for your attention! Contact: Nicolas MAT, PhD student Centre for Industrial Environment and Risks Ecole des Mines d'alès (France) Tel: +33 (0) (0)