AP CHEMISTRY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
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1 AP CHEMISTRY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 3 (10 points) 2 H 2 O 2 (aq) 2 H 2 O(l) + O 2 (g) The mass of an aqueous solution of H 2 O 2 is g. The H 2 O 2 in the solution decomposes completely according to the reaction represented above. The O 2 (g) produced is collected in an inverted graduated tube over water at 23.4 C and has a volume of ml when the water levels inside and outside of the tube are the same. The atmospheric pressure in the lab is torr, and the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at 23.4 C is 21.6 torr. (a) Calculate the partial pressure, in torr, of O 2 (g) in the gas-collection tube. P atm = P O 2 + P H2O P = P atm P P O 2 = torr 21.6 torr = torr O 2 H2O One point is earned for the correct answer. (b) Calculate the number of moles of O 2 (g) produced in the reaction. PV = nrt n = PV RT 1 atm P = torr = atm 760 torr T = C = K 1 L V = ml 1,000 ml = L n O 2 = PV RT = ( atm)( L) -1-1 ( L atm mol K )(296.6 K) = mol One point is earned for the correct substitutions. One point is earned for the correct answer. (c) Calculate the mass, in grams, of H 2 O 2 that decomposed. ( mol H2O2 mol O 2 ) 1 mol O g H O 1 mol H O = g H 2 O 2 One point is earned for the conversion of mol O 2 to mol H 2 O 2. One point is earned for the correct mass. (d) Calculate the percent of H 2 O 2, by mass, in the original g aqueous sample g H2O g sample 100 = 7.15% One point is earned for the correct answer The College Board. All rights reserved.
2 AP CHEMISTRY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 3 (continued) (e) Write the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in H 2 O 2 and the oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in O 2 in the appropriate cells in the table below. Substance Oxidation Number of Oxygen Atoms H 2 O 2 O 2 In H 2 O 2, the oxidation number of O is 1. In O 2, the oxidation number of O is 0. Two points are earned for the correct oxidation numbers (1 point each). (f) Write the balanced oxidation half-reaction for the reaction. H 2 O 2 (aq) O 2 (g) + 2 H + (aq) + 2 e One point is earned for the correct reactant and products. One point is earned for correct balancing The College Board. All rights reserved.
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9 AP CHEMISTRY 2009 SCORING COMMENTARY (Form B) Question 3 Sample: 3A Score: 10 This response earned all 10 points: 1 for part (a), 2 for part (b), 2 for part (c), 1 for part (d), 2 for part (e), and 2 for part (f). Sample: 3B Score: 6 This response earned 6 of the possible 10 points. In part (a) the point was not earned because the partial pressure of the dry O 2 gas is incorrectly determined as the average of the two pressures provided. In part (b) both points were earned for using the incorrect pressure calculated in part (a) to correctly determine the number of moles of O 2. In part (c) only 1 of the 2 points was earned; the incorrect number of moles of O 2 is used consistently, but the molar mass of H 2 O 2 is incorrect. In part (d) 1 point was earned for calculating a percent by mass in the original sample consistent with the mass calculated in part (c), with an acceptable number of significant figures. In part (e) 2 points were earned for the correct oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in each substance. In part (f) no points were earned because a balanced oxidation half-reaction is not given. Sample: 3C Score: 4 This response earned 4 of the possible 10 points. In part (a) 1 point was earned for the correct partial pressure of the dry O 2 gas with an acceptable number of significant figures. In part (b) neither point was earned because the number of moles of O 2 gas is determined by using the molar volume at STP. In part (c) 1 point was earned for multiplying the number of moles determined in part (b) by the correct mole ratio. The second point was not earned because the mass is not determined. The point was not earned in part (d). In part (e) 2 points were earned for the correct oxidation number of the oxygen atoms in each substance. In part (f) no points were earned because a correctly balanced oxidation half-reaction is not given The College Board. All rights reserved.
PV (0.775 atm)(0.0854 L) n = = = 0.00264 mol RT -1-1
catalyst 2 5 g ¾¾¾¾ 2 4 g 2 g DH298 = rxn DS298 C H OH( ) C H ( ) + H O( ) 45.5 kj/mol ; = 126 J/(K mol ) ethanol ethene water rxn 1 atm 760 torr PV (0.775 atm)(0.0854 L) n = = = 0.00264 mol RT -1-1 (0.08206
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