AP CHEMISTRY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
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1 AP CHEMISTRY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 5 5. A student carries out an experiment to determine the equilibrium constant for a reaction by colorimetric (spectrophotometric) analysis. The production of the red-colored species FeSCN 2+ (aq) is monitored. (a) The optimum wavelength for the measurement of [FeSCN 2+ ] must first be determined. The plot of absorbance, A, versus wavelength, λ, for FeSCN 2+ (aq) is given below. What is the optimum wavelength for this experiment? Justify your answer. The optimum wavelength is 450 nm because that is the wavelength of maximum absorbance by FeSCN 2+ (aq). One point is earned for the correct answer with justification. (b) A calibration plot for the concentration of FeSCN 2+ (aq) is prepared at the optimum wavelength. The data below give the absorbances measured for a set of solutions of known concentration of FeSCN 2+ (aq). Concentration ( mol L 1 ) Absorbance The College Board. All rights reserved. 9
2 AP CHEMISTRY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 5 (continued) (i) Draw a Beer s law calibration plot of all the data on the grid below. Indicate the scale on the horizontal axis by labeling it with appropriate values. One point is earned for a straight-line plot. One point is earned for a correctly scaled horizontal axis. (ii) An FeSCN 2+ (aq) solution of unknown concentration has an absorbance of Use the plot you drew in part (i) to determine the concentration, in moles per liter, of this solution. See plot in part (i). At A = 0.300, [FeSCN 2+ ] is approximately mol L 1. One point is earned for the correct answer The College Board. All rights reserved. 10
3 AP CHEMISTRY 2006 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 5 (continued) (c) The purpose of the experiment is to determine the equilibrium constant for the reaction represented below. Fe 3+ (aq) + SCN (aq) FeSCN 2+ (aq) (i) Write the equilibrium-constant expression for K c. K c = 2+ [FeSCN ] 3+ - One point is earned for the correct expression. [Fe ][SCN ] (ii) The student combines solutions of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 and KSCN to produce a solution in which the initial concentrations of Fe 3+ (aq) and SCN (aq) are both M. The absorbance of this solution is measured, and the equilibrium FeSCN 2+ (aq) concentration is found to be M. Determine the value of K. c Fe 3+ (aq) + SCN (aq) FeSCN 2+ (aq) I M M 0 C M M M E M M M K c = ( )( ) = 40. One point is earned for the correct equilibrium concentration. One point is earned for the correct substitutions and the calculated value. (d) If the student s equilibrium FeSCN 2+ (aq) solution of unknown concentration fades to a lighter color before the student measures its absorbance, will the calculated value of K c be too high, too low, or unaffected? Justify your answer. The value of K c will be too low; the lower absorbance reading indicates a lower [FeSCN 2+ ] than actually existed before the fading occurred, so substitution of a lower [FeSCN 2+ ] into the equilibrium expression will result in a lower value of K c. One point is earned for the correct prediction. One point is earned for the correct justification The College Board. All rights reserved. 11
![[Fe ][SCN ] (ii) The student combines solutions of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 and KSCN to produce a solution in which the initial concentrations of Fe 3+ (aq) and SCN (aq) are both 6.0 10 3 M.](/docs-images/46/21326725/images/page_3.jpg "The absorbance of this solution is measured, and the equilibrium FeSCN 2+ (aq) concentration is found to be 1.0 10 3 M. Determine the value of K. c Fe 3+ (aq) + SCN (aq) FeSCN 2+ (aq) I 6.0 10 3 M 6.")
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10 AP CHEMISTRY 2006 SCORING COMMENTARY (Form B) Question 5 Sample: 5A Score: 8 This was an excellent response that earned 8 out of 9 points: 1 point for part (a), 2 points for part (b)(i), 1 point for part (c)(i), 2 points for part (c)(ii), and 2 points for part (d). The point was not earned in part (b)(ii) because the answer given has four significant figures, which is more than one different from the appropriate number of two significant figures (the original concentrations used to construct the graph have only two significant figures). Sample: 5B Score: 7 The 2 available points in part (c)(ii) were not earned because the equilibrium concentration of Fe 3+ and SCN are not used. Sample: 5C Score: 3 No points were earned for part (b)(i) because the scale labeled on the horizontal axis is not uniform and the absorbance values are not plotted accurately. The points were not earned in part (c)(ii) because the equilibrium concentrations of Fe 3+ and SCN are not used. The points were not earned in part (d) because the response incorrectly indicates that color does not affect the calculated value of K c The College Board. All rights reserved.
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