LONG MAY IT WAVE: Fort McHenry and the War of A Na onal Curriculum for Grades 4 through 8

Transcription

1 LONG MAY IT WAVE: Fort McHenry and War of 1812 A Na onal Curriculum for Grades 4 through 8 Developed by Friends of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHenry Na onal Monument & Historic Shrine and Star-Spangled Banner Na onal Historic Trail Funding provided by Na onal Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network

2 LESSON TITLE: The Ci zens Defense of Bal more during War of 1812 LESSON WRITER: Lindsay Bauman LESSON EDITOR: Jennifer Frieman DATE: June 3, 2011 COURSE/GRADE: Social Studies/ Grade 4 UNIT: War of Fort McHenry s History TIME NEEDED: One 45-minute class period LESSON OVERVIEW: In this lesson, students will learn about contribu ons made by ci zens of Bal more to aid in its defense. Bal more s ci zens contributed to defense of city in many ways. They donated supplies and money. They built defensive posi ons around city. They volunteered in mili a and even fought in ba le at Ft. McHenry. The Bal moreans were proud of ir city and willing to go to great lengths to protect it from Bri sh. OUTCOMES: At end of this lesson, students will be able to use primary source documents to examine various contribu ons made by ci zens of Bal more for defense of city. OBJECTIVES: Focus Ques ons for Lesson: How did ci zens of Bal more help aid in defense of ir city from Bri sh? Historical Thinking Skills Targeted: Historical Comprehension: Reconstruct literal meaning of a historical passage. Historical Research Capabili es: Interrogate historical data. Maryland State Curriculum Content Objec ves: 4.5.C.2.a Describe Maryland's role in War of 1812 Maryland State Curriculum Skills and Processes Objec ves: 4.6.F.1 Interpret informa on from primary and secondary sources Less sson on: The Ci zens Def efen ense of Bal l mor e Du ring War of Fr om Long May It Wa ve: Fort McH chen ry and War of , A Na onal Curr rric icul um by Frie iend s of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHe Henry Na on al Monument & Hi st oric Shr ine an d St ar -Spa pang ngle d Bann nner Na ona nal Hist oric Trail. Gene rously funded by Na a ona nal Pa rk Service ce, Ches apea eake Bay Gat atew eways and Wate tert rail ils Ne twork. 1

3 Common Core Standards for Reading (Informa onal Text): RI.4.1. Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from text. RI.4.2. Determine main idea of a text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize text. RI.4.3. Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scien fic, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific informa on in text. RI.4.4. Determine meaning of general academic and domain-specific words or phrases in a text relevant to a grade 4 topic or subject area. RI By end of year, read and comprehend informa onal texts, including history/social studies, science, and technical texts, in grades 4 5 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at high end of range. MATERIALS: Chart paper and a marker John Bull and Bal morean cartoon to display Student Sta ons Primary source documents, 3 sta ons 5-6 copies of each Student Record Sheet, 1 per student BCR worksheet, 1 per student PRIMARY SOURCES: Charles, William. John Bull and Bal moreans [1814]. Online pos ng. Wikipedia. 3 June <h p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:williamcharlesjohnbullandthebal moreans.jpg > Niles, H. Editor. The Weekly Register (Vol. VI). Bal more: Franklin Press, 1814.p Online pos ng. Google books. 3 June 2011 < h p://books.google.com/books?id=pu88aaaaiaaj&pg=pa448&dq=bal more+commi e e+of+vigilance+and+safety&hl=en&ei=cjrata3eiuhw0gha99t8aw&sa=x&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3 &ved=0cdmq6aewag#v=onepage&q=bal more%20commi ee%20of%20vigilance%20and%20safety&f=false > Civilian Defense in Bal more, : Minutes of Commi ee of Vigilance and Safety", ed. by William D. Hoyt, Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 39, pp Niles, H. Editor. The Weekly Register (Vol. VI). Bal more: Franklin Press, 1814.p Online pos ng. Google books. 3 June 2011 h p://books.google.com/books?id=fveaaaaayaaj&pg=pa408&dq=mili a+bal more+in t le:weekly+in tle:register&hl=en&ei=ea_5tadclknj0qhciuwzcw&sa=x&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4 &ved=0cdoq6aewaw#v=onepage&q=mili a%20bal more%20in tle%3aweekly%20in tle%3aregister&f=false Less sson on: The Ci zens Def efen ense of Bal l mor e Du ring War of Fr om Long May It Wa ve: Fort McH chen ry and War of , A Na onal Curr rric icul um by Frie iend s of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHe Henry Na on al Monument & Hi st oric Shr ine an d St ar -Spa pang ngle d Bann nner Na ona nal Hist oric Trail. Gene rously funded by Na a ona nal Pa rk Service ce, Ches apea eake Bay Gat atew eways and Wate tert rail ils Ne twork. 2

4 SELECTED VOCABULARY: defense (defence) aid contribu ons ci zens mili a commi ee of vigilance and safety erec on precinct ward exempts free people of color exigency appropriated mili a PROCEDURE: 1) Mo va on Ask students following ques on: What can ci zens do to protect ir city during a me of war? How can y help? On a piece of chart paper record some of students ini al ideas, and save m for furr reflec on at end of lesson. Read focus ques on aloud, and explain that today we will explore different ways that ci zens of Bal more contributed to defense of ir city during War of If necessary, ac vate prior knowledge of War of 1812 and events preceding Ba le of Bal more. Be sure that students know some of causes of War of 1812 and are aware that Bal more was a special target for Bri sh because of Bal moreans unparalleled success in privateering. Also be sure students are aware of events surrounding Bri sh a ack on Washington, D.C. Because primary sources being analyzed contain difficult words, go over vocabulary list and be sure that students have access to that list throughout lesson. 2) Guided Prac ce Put Primary Source #1, cartoon John Bull and Bal moreans, up for display and discussion. Explain to students that John Bull is a figure represen ng all of Great Britain. Read through various cap ons, and discuss what we can learn about ci zens of Bal more from this cartoon. Pass out Student Record Sheet, and model for students how to record ir thinking by wri ng about John Bull cartoon. You may want to provide students with a bit of background informa on to help m under stand cap ons. For example, when cartoon refers to Alexandrians, it is referring to fact that ci zens living around Washington, D.C. did not put up much of a fight when Bri sh a acked and burned capital. For each primary source that students view, y should be able to iden fy at least one contribu on made by ci zens to aid in defense of city. Less sson on: The Ci zens Def efen ense of Bal l mor e Du ring War of Fr om Long May It Wa ve: Fort McH chen ry and War of , A Na onal Curr rric icul um by Frie iend s of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHe Henry Na on al Monument & Hi st oric Shr ine an d St ar -Spa pang ngle d Bann nner Na ona nal Hist oric Trail. Gene rously funded by Na a ona nal Pa rk Service ce, Ches apea eake Bay Gat atew eways and Wate tert rail ils Ne twork. 3

5 3) Independent Prac ce Set up sta ons around room for remaining three primary sources (Primary Sources #2-4) Divide students into three groups. Each student should have his/her own Student Record Sheet to take with m. Assign each group a sta on at which to begin. Allow groups 4-5 minutes at each sta on to read source, write down a quote from what y read, and to describe ci zens contribu on on ir record sheet A er every group has been to each sta on, come back toger to discuss what y learned. o Primary Source #2- ci zens gave supplies and helped build city s for fica ons; slave owners provided labor of ir slaves o Primary Source #3 ci zens gave money to be used to help build city s defenses o Primary Source #4- ci zens volunteered to serve in mili a units and fight 4) Assessment Students should assume iden ty of General Sam Smith, an experienced Bal more military officer who was in charge of organizing Bal more s defenses. Ask students to imagine that it is September 10, 1814, just a few days before Bri sh will a ack Bal more. Have students write a le er to Secretary of War repor ng what is being done in Bal more to prepare for defense of city. Students should include in ir le ers details about various contribu ons of ci zens and a descrip on of ci zens moods and feelings. 5) Closure Wrap up lesson by referring back to list we made at beginning of lesson o What were some of ini al ways we thought ci zens might help? o What did we learn about how Bal more ci zens helped defend ir city? o What do you think about what y did? Tell students that Bal moreans ac ons were largely responsible for defeat of Bri sh in September The earthworks that y had helped build on Hampstead Hill (now called Pa erson Park) were so impressive to Bri sh, that Bri sh decided y could not a ack m unless ir ships were able to get past Fort McHenry and come into Bal more Harbor to support a ack with cannon fire. When Bri sh navy could not subdue Fort McHenry, Bri sh army decided to cancel land a ack. Also, many Bal more ci zens helped defend Fort McHenry as members of various mili a units. SUGGESTIONS FOR ACCOMMODATIONS: For students with IEPs and 504s Provide a list of vocabulary words On excerpt page, highlight 5-6 sentences y need to assist with crea ng ir design Already have selec ons paraphrased so student can focus on understanding Have m buddy read to get informa on from primary sources LESSON EXTENSIONS: As an extension, students could compare contribu ons made by ci zens of Bal more to contribu ons of ci zens from or major ci es. Students could visit Ft. McHenry and or historical sites in Bal more where ci zens helped to defend city. Less sson on: The Ci zens Def efen ense of Bal l mor e Du ring War of Fr om Long May It Wa ve: Fort McH chen ry and War of , A Na onal Curr rric icul um by Frie iend s of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHe Henry Na on al Monument & Hi st oric Shr ine an d St ar -Spa pang ngle d Bann nner Na ona nal Hist oric Trail. Gene rously funded by Na a ona nal Pa rk Service ce, Ches apea eake Bay Gat atew eways and Wate tert rail ils Ne twork. 4

6 Primary Source #1 Charles, William. John Bull and Baltimoreans [1814]. Online posting. Wikipedia. 3 June < > Lesson: The Citizens Defense of Baltimore During War of From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A National Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collaboration with Fort McHenry National Monument & Historic Shrine and Star Spangled Banner National Historic Trail. Generously funded by National Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network.

7 Primary Source #1 Transcrip on of Cap ons Actual Text American soldier prodding John Bull with a bayonet: "Oh! hoh! -- Johnny you thought you had Alexandrians to deal with did you -- But we'll teach you to know what a flogging is!!!" John Bull: "Mercy! mercy on me -- What fellows those Bal moreans are -- A er example of Alexandrians I thought I had nothing to do but enter Town and carry off Booty -- And here is nothing but Defeat and Disgrace!!!" A Bri sh officer trying to rally his troops to con nue figh ng: "What's Ma er! you Cowardly rascals! Back back and execute orders of your Government --We must a ack every point that's assailable!" A Bri sh soldier: "In gude troth Admiral I think ye are as mad as our government Dinna ye ken General's kilt -- ye must only a ack sie places as Hampton, Havre de Grace, or Alexandria." Rifleman shoo ng at Bri sh General Robert Ross (killed during Ba le of North Point): "Now for this Chap on Horseback with plaid Bonnet on -- There -- re's a Rifle pill for you -- Thats a quietus." General Ross: "Deil tak that Republican rascal wi his Rifle gun for he's blawn my brains out." Transla on into Kid-Friendly English American soldier prodding John Bull with a bayonet: "Oh! hoh! -- Johnny you thought you had Alexandrians to deal with did you -- But we'll teach you to know what a bea ng is!!!" John Bull: "Mercy! mercy on me -- What fellows those Bal moreans are -- A er example of Alexandrians I thought I had nothing to do but enter Town and carry off Treasure -- And here is nothing but Defeat and Disgrace!!!" A Bri sh officer trying to rally his troops to con nue figh ng: "What's Ma er! you Cowardly rascals! Back back and execute orders of your Government --We must a ack every point that can be a acked!" A Bri sh soldier: "In good truth, Admiral, I think you are as crazy as our government. Don t you know General has been killed you must only a ack suck places as Hampton, Havre de Grace, or Alexandria." Rifleman shoo ng at Bri sh General Robert Ross (killed during Ba le of North Point): "Now for this Fellow on Horseback with plaid Bonnet on -- There -- re's a Rifle pill for you That is something that will quiet you." General Ross: The Devil take that Republican rascal with his Rifle because he s blown my brains out. Lesson: The Ci zens Defense of Bal more During War of 1812 From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A Na onal Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHenry Na onal Monument & Historic Shrine and Star-Spangled Banner Na onal Historic Trail. Generously funded by Na onal Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network. 6

8 Primary Source #2 BALTIMORE, AUGUST 27 By commi ee of Vigilance and Safety. Whereas commanding officer has required aid of ci zens in erec on of works for defence of city, and commi ee of vigilance and safety having full confidence in patrio sm of ir fellow ci zens, have agreed on following organiza on, for purpose of complying with request of major-general. The inhabitants of city and precincts are call on to deposit at court-house in third ward, centre market in fi h ward, market house Fell s point, Riding-school in seventh ward, or take with m to place required, all wheel-barrows, pick-axes, spades and shovels that y can procure That exempts from military and free people of color of first district... assemble to-morrow, Sunday morning, at 6 o clock, at Hampstead-hill with provisions for day The owners of slaves are requested to send m to work on days assigned in several districts. Such of our patrio c fellow-ci zens of county or elsewhere, as are disposed to aid in common defence, are invited to partake in du es now required on such of days as may be most convenient to m. (Signed) EDWARD JOHNSON, Chairman Theodorick Bland, Secretary Niles, H. Editor. The Weekly Register (Vol. VI). Bal more: Franklin Press, 1814.p Online pos ng. Google books. 3 June 2011 < h p://books.google.com/books?id=pu88aaaaiaaj&pg=pa448&dq=bal more+commi ee+of+vigilance+and+safety&hl=en&ei=cjr ata3eiuhw0gha99t8aw&sa=x&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0cdmq6aewag#v=onepage&q=bal more%20committee%20of%20vigilance%20and%20safety&f=false > Lesson: The Ci zens Defense of Bal more During War of 1812 From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A Na onal Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHenry Na onal Monument & Historic Shrine and Star-Spangled Banner Na onal Historic Trail. Generously funded by Na onal Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network. 7

9 Primary Source #3 Bal more 26th August 1814 The Commi ee of Vigilance and Safety met Whereas in present exigency, money be will wanted for various purposes, refore, Resolved, That inhabitants of City and Precincts be and y are hereby invited to contribute reto by calling at Mayors Office, who will receive such contribu ons, and will publish names of contributors and sums by m severally given, to be appropriated to such objects as commi ee of vigilance & safety may authorise and direct... Civilian Defense in Bal more, : Minutes of Commi ee of Vigilance and Safety", ed. by William D. Hoyt, Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 39, pp Lesson: The Ci zens Defense of Bal more During War of 1812 From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A Na onal Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHenry Na onal Monument & Historic Shrine and Star-Spangled Banner Na onal Historic Trail. Generously funded by Na onal Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network. 8

10 Primary Source #4 Saturday, August 13, 1814 DEFENCE. The defence of Bal more and Washington ci es, and ir neighborhood, is assuming great power and respectability. Without saying anything that can be useful to enemy, following statement may interest our friends: The Bal more city brigade consists of one full regiment of ar llery (besides Marine ar llery, 200 strong) with from 70 to 90 pieces of cannon, on travelling carriages one company of horse ar llery one regiment of cavalry one ba alion of riflemen and five regiments of infantry, found with all needful muni ons, and greater part well disciplined. Adjacent to city a body of hardy fellows from interior, 2000 strong, is encamped. The United States forces, ar llery, infantry, sea-fencibles, or seamen, are sta oned at forts... A camp of 3000 mili a is immediately to be formed at Bladensburg. Niles, H. Editor. The Weekly Register (Vol. VI). Bal more: Franklin Press, 1814.p Online pos ng. Google books. 3 June 2011 h p://books.google.com/books?id=fveaaaaayaaj&pg=pa408&dq=mili a+bal more+in tle:weekly+in tle:register&hl=en&ei=ea_5 TaDcLKnj0QHCiuWzCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=mili a%20bal more%20 in tle%3aweekly%20in tle%3aregister&f=false Lesson: The Ci zens Defense of Bal more During War of 1812 From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A Na onal Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collabora on with Fort McHenry Na onal Monument & Historic Shrine and Star-Spangled Banner Na onal Historic Trail. Generously funded by Na onal Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network. 9

11 Name Date Primary Source #1 Student Record Sheet Title What primary source says: What did Baltimore citizens do to help defend ir city? Give one example from this source. Primary Source #2 Title What primary source says: What did Baltimore citizens do to help defend ir city? Give one example from this source. Lesson: The Citizens Defense of Baltimore During War of From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A National Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collaboration with Fort McHenry National Monument & Historic Shrine and Star Spangled Banner National Historic Trail. Generously funded by National Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network.

12 Primary Source #3 Title What primary source says: What did Baltimore citizens do to help defend ir city? Give one example from this source. Primary Source #4 Title What primary source says: What did Baltimore citizens do to help defend ir city? Give one example from this source. Lesson: The Citizens Defense of Baltimore During War of From Long May It Wave: Fort McHenry and War of 1812, A National Curriculum by Friends of Fort McHenry in collaboration with Fort McHenry National Monument & Historic Shrine and Star Spangled Banner National Historic Trail. Generously funded by National Park Service, Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network.