CAPACITY BUILDING FOR RECYCLING - BASED ECONOMY IN APEC MEXICO

Transcription

1 CAPACITY BUILDING FOR RECYCLING - BASED ECONOMY IN APEC PLANNING WORKSHOP MEXICO HAKONE, JAPAN AUGUST 30 SEPTEMBER 1 166

2 SOLID WASTE IN MEXICO 167

3 PALENQUE 168

4 MEXICO BAJA CALIFORNIA NORTE SONORA CHIHUAHUA COAHUILA BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR SINALOA DURANGO NUEVO LEON ZACATECAS TAMAULIPAS NAYARIT JALISCO COLIMA SAN LUIS AGS POTOSI. GUANAJUATO MICHOACAN QUERETARO HIDALGO EDO. DE D.F. TLAX MEXICO PUEBLA. MORELOS GUERRERO VERACRUZ OAXACA TABASCO CHIAPAS YUCATAN CAMPECHE QUINTANA ROO 169

5 FRAME OF REFERENCE POPULATION IN CITIES OVER 100, MILLIONS 48 MILLIONS 8 METROPOLITAN AREAS 35 MILLIONS MUNICIPALITIES 2,447 TOWNS + 200,

6 FRAME OF REFERENCE SOLID WASTE GENERATION (METRIC TONS) DAILY 84,200 CITIES OVER 100,000 52,800 (62.7%) REST OF THE COUNTRY 31,400 (37.3%) COLLECTION AVERAGE COST DISPOSAL AVERAGE COST INVESTED RESOURCES 25 US$/ Ton 10 US$/ Ton 2.2 M/US$/Dia FUENTES: INEGI, SEDESOL, 171

7 FRAME OF REFERENCE SOLID WASTE COMPOSITION BYPRODUCT % w/w CARDBOARD AND PAPER 16 FERROUS METAL 3 ALUMINIUM 1 PLÁSTIC FILM 4 RIGID PLASTIC 6 GLASS 7 ORGANIC WASTE 42 OTHER 21 FUENTE: SEDESOL 172

8 FRAME OF REFERENCE HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION DAILY (SEMARNAP/INE 1996) ANNUAL (SEMARNAP/INE 1996) 22,OOO TONS 8 MILLIONS TONS MANAGEMENT COST 100 US$/Metric Ton INVESTED RESOURCES 2.2 M/US$/Day 173

9 FRAME OF REFERENCE SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL WITHOUT CONTROL 43,100 Ton/Day HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL WITHOUT CONTROL 15,400 Ton/Day WATER POLLUTION SUP. Y SUB.? DEPOSIT OF H. W. IN D. SITES ABANDONED SITES (SW & HW) FUENTES: SEDESOL, CESPEDES, INF. PROPIA 174? (MANY)? (MANY)

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12 FRAME OF REFERENCE RECYCLABLES RECYCLING RESOURCES 7,578 Ton/Day 0.8 M/US$/Day CITY BUDGETS FOR SW MANAGEMENT % 177

13 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FEDERAL LEVEL WASTE COUNTRY LAW (2003) REGULATION FOR H.W. (1988) 16 SOLID WASTE STD. ( 80 s) 08 HAZ. WASTE STD. (80 s) 178

14 LEGAL FRAMEWORK STATE LEVEL STATE LAWS IN PROCESS ACCORDING TO FEDERAL LAW. STATE REGULATIONS STATE STANDARDS MUNICIPALITIES LOCAL REGULATIONS 179

15 ORIGIN OF RECYCLABLE MATERIAL SOURCE SEPARATION STORING CENTERS COLLECTION SYSTEMS SELECTION PLANTS FINAL DISPOSAL SITES 180

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17 SELECTION PLANTS IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY 3 COATZACOALCOS* 1 MERIDA 1 MONTERREY 1 GUADALAJARA 1 OAXACA* 1 * SHUT OFF 182

18 TYPE OF STORING CENTERS PRIMARY OR GENERAL SECONDARY SPECIALIZED TERTIARY OD ADDED VALUE 183

19 RECYCLING IN MEXICO (2000) (MILLION OF METRIC TONS) MATERIAL PRODUCTION RECYCLING % PAPER & CARDBOARD IRON SLAG PLASTIC GLASS nd 0.30 nd ALUMINIUM nd 0.32 nd 184

20 RECYCLING IN MEXICO (2000) (THOUSAND OF METRIC TONS) MATERIAL RECYCLING STAINLESS STEEL 14.4 BRONZE 9.6 BONES AND FATTENING COPPER 64.8 LEAD 48.0 RAGS

21 PAPER AND CARDBOARD MEXICO IS THE SECOND COLLECTOR OF PAPER IN THE WORLD IT RECYCLES APPROXIMATLY THE 81.8% OF REJECTED PAPER IT CONSUMES THE 60% OF NATIONAL SECONDARY FIBER AND 40% IMPORTED 186

22 GLASS PER CÁPITA ANUAL CONSUMPTION: 28 KG IT RECYCLES AROUND 50% OF GLASS MEXICO RECYCLABILITY RATE OF GLASS IS WITHIN THE TEN HIGHEST OF THE WORLD 187

23 ALUMINIUM MEXICO RECYCLES APROXIMATLY 95% OF ALUMINIUM CANS 188

24 PLASTICS IN 1997 WERE CONSUMED 29 KG/HAB OF PLASTIC IT IS EXPECTED TO INCREASE TO 49 KG /HAB FOR

25 RECYCLING PRESERVES NATURAL RESOURCES CREATES JOBS PRESERVES FINAL DISPOSAL SITES RELEASES ECONOMIC RESOURCES DIMINISHED PRODUCTION COSTS PRESERVES THE ENVIRONMENT LESS ENERGY IN PROCESSES 190

26 STATUS OF THE RECYCLING OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS THE FEDERAL WASTE LAW, HAS A NEW CLASIFICATION OF WASTE: HAZARDOUS URBAN SPECIAL HANDLING 191

27 STATUS OF THE RECYCLING OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS THE HAZARDOUS WASTE ARE THE SAME AS IN ALL THE WORLD. THE URBAN WASTE IS GENERATED IN HOUSEHOLDS AND SIMILAR THE SPECIAL HANDLING WASTE ARE AMONG OTHERS, THE PRODUCTS THAT AT THE END OF THEIRS LIFE 192 CYCLE BECOME WASTE.

28 STATUS OF THE RECYCLING OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS SPECIAL HANDLING WASTE ARE: SLUDGES AUTOMOBILE ELECTRONIC AND PERIPHERICS ELECTRODOMESTIC TIRES BATTERIES CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION LOW RANGE HAZARDOUS (BELOW 193 LIMITS)

29 STATUS OF THE RECYCLING OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS THE ACTUAL SITUATION ON SPECIAL HANDLING WASTE: NO OFFICIAL PROGRAM AT THIS MOMENT EXIST SMALL VOLUNTARY PROGRAMS FOR PERIPHERICAL AND COMPUTERS. GOVERMENT AND THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR ARE WORKING ON THE REGULATION, IN THE NEAR FUTURE, WE WILL HAVE A MIX OF 194 SHARE AND EXTENDED RESPONSABILITY

30 SUMIDERO CANYON 195

31 ISSUES MUST BE A GOVERMENT POLITICS ANALYZE EXISTING AND EMERGING MARKETS NOT PROFITABLE, NEEDS SUBSIDIES LOT OF PRESSURE FROM GREEN PARTIES CREATED BY-PRODUCTS MARKETS ANALYZE IMPACTS AND BENEFITS 196

32 PROBLEMS LACK OF TRANSPARENCY INFORMAL ECONOMY LACK OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK MIXED COLLECTION RAW MATERIAL CHEAPER THAN RECYCLABLES (PLASTIC) 197

33 IMPORTANTE ASPECTS IN A RECYCLING PROGRAM NOT COPYING FOREIGN MODELS BETTER ADAPT FOREIGN MODELS TO LOCAL CONDITIONS RECYCLE ACCORDING TO THE MARKET RECYCLING FOR RECYCLING NO PLEASE 198

34 IMPORTANTE ASPECTS IN A RECYCLING PROGRAM DEFINE QUANTITIVE GOALS GRADUALITY PROGRAMS ANALIZE BY-PRODUCTS MARKETS CREATE BY-PRODUCTS MARKETS ENVIRONMENTAL BALANCE OF 199 THE RECYCLING IS POSITIVE

35 IMPORTANTE ASPECTS IN A RECYCLING PROGRAM SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SUPPORT COMMUNICATION IS IMPORTANT MUST HAVE THE MONEY TRANSPARENCY CREATE INDICATORS FOR EVALUATION 200

36 BONAMPAK 201

37 P.E.T. 202

38 P.E.T. 203

39 HDPE 204

40 IRON SLAG 205

41 CARDBOARD 206

42 CARDBOARD 207

43 TIRES 208

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48 EL CHIFLON213

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56 THANKS A LOT 221