Latifa MOUHIR Department Process Engineering and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology Hassan II University. Mohammedia. Morocco.

Transcription

1 Latifa MOUHIR Department Process Engineering and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology Hassan II University. Mohammedia. Morocco. E mail: latmouh@gmail.com.

2 INTRODUCTION MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MOROCCO HEALTH-CARE WASTE GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTH CARE WASTE IN MOROCCO PRODUCTION OF WASTE PER REGION LEGALE FRAMWORK HEALTH-CARE WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES CONSTRAINTS OF MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MOROCCO CONCLUSION

3 Introduction Health-care activities, protect and restore health and save lives. But what about the wastes and byproducts they generate?

4 It is important to point out that the term medical waste has often been used interchangeably with other terms such as hospital waste ; Health-care waste and infectious waste around the world. In Morocco they are called Medical and Pharmaceutical Waste

5 Health care wastes are potentially hazardous wastes that are generated by public and private health care institutions.

6 These wastes present special hazards and other aesthetic considerations that need to be managed during their generation.

7 General wastes are those non-hazardous solid wastes generated by the healthcare sector. Some types of general wastes may be recycled such as plastics, glass, metal, paper and cardboard.

8 1) POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS WASTES! Waste Sharps! Human Anatomical Waste! Microbiology and Biotechnology Waste! And Solid Wastes

9 2) CYTOTOXIC WASTES 3) Chemical! Pharmaceutical wastes! Laboratory chemicals;! Disinfectants and solvents! Mercury

10 ! Doctors and nurses! Patients! Hospital support staff! Waste collection and disposal staff! General public! But also our Environment

11 MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MOROCCO in Morocco as developing countries, hospital waste has not received sufficient attention. In many healthcare facilities, hazardous and medical wastes are still handled and disposed of together with domestic waste, thus creating a great health risk to municipal workers, the public, and the environment

12 MP WASTE GENERATION IN MOROCCO Unknown deposit The quantities of hazardous healthcare waste generated are Estimated. Very few studies on hospital waste have been conducted in Morocco. Accordingly, research is required to establish a database, information and statistics on healthcare waste generation, collection, transportation, treatment and disposal.

13 Total production public hospital: ton / year generation rate estimated at 1.5 to 4 kg / bed / day average: 3 kg / bed / day

14 Of the total amount of waste generated by health-care activities, 14,300 to 16,300 T / year (about 80%) is general waste comparable to domestic waste. The remaining 4100 to 6100 tons / year (20% ) is considered hazardous material that may be infectious, toxic or radioactive.

15 The objects used in disposable increasing Humidity of hospital waste in Morocco is very important

16 The main producing areas of medical and pharmaceutical waste are Rabat (20%) and the Grand Casablanca (17%). 50% of medical waste are produced within 150 km from Casablanca. 75% of medical waste are produced within 300 km from Casablanca

17 GENERAL FRAMWORK Law No on solid waste management( SWM) : adopted in 2006 and accompanied by the publication of a number of implementation decrees, promulgated or being promulgated. This law discusses several aspects related to MPWM:Services

18 Legal framework specific to MPW! Decree No on the management of medical and pharmaceutical waste.! Decree No on the modalities of preparing the National hazardous Waste Master Plan.

19 MP WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Medical wastes are still handled and disposed of together with domestic waste.

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21 Some hospitals have a system of waste separation at source (Red bags for medical waste and Black bags for waste similar to domestic waste).

22 Two pretreatment processes:! Autoclaving! Ozone Treatment in a limited number of hospitals or laboratories.

23 No treatment by incineration Efficient incinerators are those existing cement plants but refuse to treat DMP Two cement plants in Morocco have agreed to treat pharmaceutical waste Lafarge cement plant in Bouskoura Holcim cement plant

24 Constraints of MP waste management in Morocco! No clear rules or guidelines for sorting! Lack of control! Hospital staff not aware! Responsible Staff untrained

25 Constraints of MP waste management in Morocco! Management of the waste stream unsatisfactory: Terms of sorting, curbside collection, storage conditions and inadequate transportation;

26 Bags - bins, containers and collection trolleys are not always available; No specified criteria for the determination and choice of transport containers; Waste disposal does not respect the environment.

27 The current situation of Morocco reveals a serious need to establish and implement a management plan That must be developed to provide guidance and standards for the Management of MPW as required by law and its implementing decrees TheTraining of staff must be in the requirements of the health care waste management plan for its successful implementation.

28 1. Minimise the amount of potentially hazardous waste ; 2. Maximise the potential for the recycling of non-hazardous wastes arising from the health care sector;

29 4.Reduce occupational health and safety risks to all health care workers, and waste handlers. 5.Improve infection control within the health care institution. 6. Facilitate proper packaging and labelling of wastes.

30 7. Establish uniform waste management practices throughout all health care institutions. 8. Enable better accounting of the types and quantities of wastes generated within health care institutions, and the costs associated with their proper management.

31 Compliance with the health care waste management plan is important in order to protect ourselves, our families and those we care for, the general public and the environment at large from disease and chemical contamination.

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