The way to a smart grid. Heidi Lenaerts 19/06/2012

Agenda 1. Smart Grids Flanders: an intro 2. The electricity grid: context 3. The electricity grid: evolutions 4. What are Smart Grids?

Smart Grids Flanders 2006 VRWB-cluster Energie en Milieu voor Diensten en Verwerkende Industrie 2008 focus area: Smart Grids 2009 feasibility study April 2010 foundation of VSGP vzw January 2011 Smart Grids Flanders

Smart Grids Flanders: partners is powered by:

Who is Smart Grids Flanders 3 Thematic groups chairman and coördinator Heidi Lenaerts Director Kris van Daele Chairman Grid intelligence Grid connected vehicles Ward Gommeren (Alstom) Leen vandezande (K.U.Leuven) Leo Van Geyt (ThePlugInCompany) Eric Gielen (Vito) Home intelligence Thierry Pollet (Alcatel-Lucent) Erik De Schutter (Vito)

Smart Grids Flanders: members 3E ABB Accenture Agoria Alcatel-Lucent Bell Alstom Alti Altran Ansem Arcadis Atos Bausch Datacom becharged Belgacom Capricorn CG Holdings CSC E. van Wingen Eandis Ecodetect EDF-Luminus EME Elia EnergyICT Ennovation Enpower Erea Industrie ESAS Field Services Fabricom Ferranti Computers Systems Fifthplay GE Energy GIMV IBBT IBM IMEC Infrax Itineris Kapernikov KHK KHLimburg KPMG KULeuven Laborelec Lava LMS Logica LRM Methis Mobistar Nexans Niko Nokia Siemens Nuon ORES PwC Restore Schneider Electric Siemens Simac3Services Socalim Sony Europe Spica Steel Technolec Telenet The New Drive ThePluginCompany Trasys Trilations Triphase Verhaert Vito VEI VCB Voka VREG XEMEX

Smart Grids Flanders: partners BRYO PowerLink/ Greenbridge OVED CeDuBo ODE Flanders Smart Hub Vlaams Proeftuin Platform VLEVA CoGen Vlaanderen Living Tomorrow DSP Valley -

Smart Grids Flanders Activities 1. Project initiation 2. Information dissemination 3. Networking By means of Thematic groups (each 5x/year) Crea-events Workshops Study days Website (members/not-members)/newsletters

Thematic groups 5 sessions/year each: each focused on a specific theme Multidisciplinary: technical, market-related & regulatory Smart grids is more than only technology! Location: hosted by SGF member or linked to event Timing: 10 13 am 4 to 5 speakers From different stakeholders: manufacturers, regulators, system operators, energy suppliers, service companies, market platforms, research institutes, etc. Sometimes international: learning from best practices Limited audience facilitates interaction & questions

60 50 40 30 20 10 Thematic groups 0 oktober december januari maart juni september november januari Grid intelligence Grid connected vehicle Home intelligence

Project initiation Scope Stimulate innovation by cooperation in Flanders Flemish companies to international cooperation How 1. Active generation of ideas (open) 2. Selection of ideas 3. Tailored guidance (closed open) 4. Dissemination of results (open)

The traditional grid Electricity Central generation Industry Residential area Buildings

Traditional grid in balance Generation & consumption in balance Consumption is partly predictable Synthetic load profile Generation is planned Peak load (control) Medium load Base load Also balance with failure (N-1-safety)

Electricity market: liberalisation Bron: Belpex

Energy Market Energy generation e.g. Electrabel, EDF Luminus, Electrawinds, Energy transportation Elia & Fluxys Energy trading traders & energymarkets: Belpex Energy in balance balance responsible parties: Electrabel, EDF-Luminus, Energy distribution Eandis, Infrax, Ores,.. Energy supply Eneco, Essent, Electrabel, Lampiris, EDF-Luminus, (cfr V-test) Regulatoren: VREG - CREG

Energy Market

Evolutions in the system

Evolutions in the system EU 202020-goals 20% less exhaust of greenhouse gasses (1990) 20% more energyefficiency 20% sustainable generated energy & 2050-goal (CO2- neutral generation)

Energy-efficiency & CO2-reduction

Energy-efficiency & CO2-reduction Energieprestaties van (nieuwe) gebouwen:

Evolutions in the energy system More renewables Sun Wind Water Biomass/biogas (CHP s) Electrification of energy use Electric vehicles Heat pumps

Flanders: evolutions renewables 700.000 Installed power/ first employment 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000 100.000 0 <= 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Bron: VREG

Number of installations (GSC) in Flanders Aantal installaties (Vl) waarvoor GSC worden toegekend Geïnstalleerd vermogen (Vl) met toegekende GSC [kwe] biogas 78 102.952 biomassa 57 680.338 waterkracht 15 995 windenergie op land 85 288.238 zonne-energie 175.145 1.473.687 TOTAAL 175.380 2.546.209 Bron: VREG

Renewable energy Characteristics sun wind water Limited predictable Limited or not controllable Low, medium and high voltage Energy flows bidirectional Imbalance between supply and demand

Photovoltaics: challenge for the grid

Renewable energy

Combined heat power generation Typical: dimensioned for heat requirement, electricity is side effect Bron: I-engineer.com

Heat pump Bron: Daikin Bron: Daikin

Electric vehicles Bron: www.febiac.be

Illustratief voorbeeld

3500 kwh Bron: Miele

Evolutions summarized More integration of renewables Electrification of energy Consument becomes producer PROSUMER Demand follows supply i.s.o. controlled supply

What are smart grids? Energy Grids Existing infrastructure Optimal use of new technologies Contribution to European 202020-goals Exhaust of GHG: 20% decrease (1990) Energy efficiency: 20% increase 20% renewable energy production contribute also to 2050-goal (CO2-neutral)

Goals of Smart Grids Facilitate integration of renewable energy Allow bidirectional flow Fluctuating and little controllable Stimulate energy saving Demand side management Facilitate integration EV Save costs Raise safety Increase transparency

Traffic control compared to smart grid

Active demand control Bron: Meerhebdoordsm.Be

Active demand control Flexilibility Raising awareness: Measure & inform New tariffs Time of use/real time Capacity New actors Aggregator ESCO

Sources of flexibility

Energy storage Electricity storage: Batteries (stationary/automotive) Supercapacitors Flywheels Pumped hydropower Compressed Air Energy Storage Heat storage: Sensible heat storage (water, ground) Latent heat storage (phase change materials) Chemical heat storage (thermochemical mat

Sources of flexibility Flexible consumption Dishwasher, washing machine Waste water treatment Cold storage Heat pumps with heat storage Electric hot water boilers Flexible generation Traditional generators (eg gas turbine) CHP with or without storage Hydropower

Components in a smart grids

Components in a smart grid: smart meter POC Eandis/Infrax

Components in a smart grid

Components in a smart grid: appliances

Solar heat combined with traditional Bron: Viessmann

Components in a smart grid: buildings Bron: Siemens

Components in a smart grid Micro-gridcontroller Bi-directional electric vehicle charging station Power Information Transformer monitoring-station Smart meter Bron: Siemens

A smart grid: Virtual Power Plant Advanced IT is the core element

What is a smart grid? Traditional grid Centralized power generation One-directional power flow Generation follows load Operation based on historical experience Limited grid accessibility for new producers Future grid Centralized and distributed power generation Intermittent renewable power generation Consumers become also producers Multi-directional power flow Load adapted to production Operation based more on real-time data Bron: ABB

Smart grid summarized Production Smart Grid Consumption traditional power plants smart meters solar generation smart house wind farms plug-in vehicles distributed generation industry Bron: ABB

Some examples Princess Elisabeth Linear MetaPV Smart Geotherm Fieldtests Electric Vehicles Beleidsplatform

Princess Elisabeth Antarctic Station leading to the realisation of the zero-emission energy systems of the Princess Elisabeth station in Antarctica

Linear Source: http://www.linear-smartgrid.be/

Smart Geotherm Bron: WTCB

MetaPV Active network control and active inverters Increase of DG capacity of 50% Investment ~10% of network extension cost Fault ride through No limiting PV in parts of the network Islanding possible Maintaining Power Quality, Safety and reliability of power supply LARGE SCALE demonstration in EXISTING networks (Limburg)

Proeftuinen Electric Vehicles

Beleidsaspecten Beleidsplatform Slimme meters/slimme netten netbeheer en decentrale productie marktwerking en consument GroenStedenGewest

Meer info op www.smartgridsflanders.be info@smartgridsflanders.be Heidi.Lenaerts@smartgridsflanders.be +32 (0)2 229 81 65 +32 (0)476 528 301