Maritime Integrated System Core element for safe ship navigation Evelin Engler DLR Institut für Kommunikation und Navigation Folie
Maritime Integrated System = overlay of satellite based, ashore and aboard components, whose integrated use can ensure the accurate and reliable provision of output data to applications during all phases of vessel navigation Port Coast Ocean Coast Port Accurate provision during changing accuracy requirements: P = Position data: Latitude, Longitude, and Altitude N = Navigation data: Heading, SoG, CoG, Attitude. T = Timing data: UTC Folie 2
Safety and Security (Sicherheit) Safety System state free of intolerable risks. Risk P Consequence(s) Accident Security Protection against danger, damage, loss, and criminal activity Reliability under all application conditions of GNSS of DGNSS and M-GBAS services of GNSS/DGNSS receiver Robustness against propagation effects and interferences Improvement by redundancy and backup Protection of GNSS infrastructure ground segment satellite segment Protection of terrestrial infrastructure against dangers and damages Robustness against jamming Improvement by redundancy and backup Misuse of GNSS Folie 3
Identified User Needs [IMO NAV56-WP.5 E-NAV report] Examples Identification of Reliability Automatically assessment of accuracy and integrity of hydrographical data, position fixing data, radar data, and other navigation relevant data; Graphical indication of assessment results; Improvement of Reliability Reduction of failures and malfunction of electronic equipment Assessment and quantification of reliability Alert Management Coordination and weighting of bridge alerts Support of decision making without undue diversion Approaches Data and System Integrity Analysis Redundancy Backup Common Maritime Data / Information Structure Harmonised Meaning of Assessment Results Folie 4
Objective of Integrated System Accurate and reliable provision of P = Position data: Latitude, Longitude, and Altitude N = Navigation data: Heading, SoG, CoG, Attitude. T = Timing data: UTC I = Integrity data: Accuracy assessment results of data A = Alert data: &I data vs. requirements (paradigm shift) requires basis set of ship-board sensors and ashore services to ensure complete provision of data with desired accuracy (basis functionality) redundant layout (multi-system and multi-sensor approach) to increase the reliability of data provision and to ensure the accuracy assessment (integrity functionality) Folie 5
Integrity Data Integrity Desired data are provided completely, undisturbed and accurately. X " true" or " accurate" System Integrity Fulfillment of specified functionalities and related requirements. State F x, x x " reliable" 2 N Estimated Error est(dx) False Alarm dx < AL < est(dx) Alarm Limit Nominal Operation dx < est(dx) < AL unusable usable Alarm Limit Misleading Operation est(dx) < dx < AL True Alarm AL < dx < est(dx) Misleading Operation AL<est(dX) < dx System should unusable not be used! dx > AL Real Error dx Folie 6
Overview of components practice, existing, and future Folie 7
Accuracy Requirements on future GNSS IMO A.95(22): Minimum Requirements on future GNSS System Level Parameters Service Level Parameters Absolute Accuracy Horizontal (m) Alert Limit (m) Integrity Time to Alarm 2 (s) Integrity Risk (per 3h) Availability (%) per 30 days Continuity (%) over 3 hours Coverage Fix Interval 2 (s) Ocean 25 5 99,8 N/A global Coastal 25 5 99,8 N/A global Port approach and restricted waters 25 5 99,8 99,97 regional Port 5 2,5 5 99,8 99,97 local Automatic Docking 0, 0,25 5 99,8 99,97 local - Continuity is not relevant for ocean and coastal areas 2 - More stringent requirements may be necessary for ships operating above 30 knots Accuracy and Integrity Requirements for all data? Folie 8
E-Navigation Architecture & Integrated System Ship-side Shore-side Data Domain Information Domain Ship-board User Shipboard Environment stated information needs / information items requested data provided in required format Shipboard technical equipment supporting e-navigation (incl. HMI) Integrated Navigation System Communication AIS Presentation Surface Alarm Management Operational Functional Physical VTS Operator Traffic Planning IALA National Member stated information needs / information items requested data provided in required format Common technical shore-based system harmonized for e-navigation (incl. HMI) GNSS Augmentation System (Coast) GNSS Augmentation System (Port) GNSS Backup System (global) MRCC Other Operator Operator Augmentation Backup System (Coast, Port) data provided in required format stated data requested IBS INS Maritime Service Portfolio stated data requested Machine-to-Machine Interface data provided in required format Other shore-based system SBAS etc. Other shore-based system World Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS) Folie 9
Onboard WWRNS GNSS Receiver DGNSS Receiver Multi Radio Navigation Receiver etc. Radar (processing) Unit P/I N/I T/I A Legend: - Product specification by Performance Standard P/I - Position and Integrity Data N/I - Navigation and Integrity Data T/I - Time and Integrity Data T/I - Alert Data Integrated System Gyro / Compass Speed / Log World Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS) COM AIS X etc. Presentation Surface Alarm Management Radio Individual Technical Service Augmentation Augmentation N etc. INS Backup Integrated Navigation System Ship-side Shore-side Folie
Onboard WWRNS Multi Radio Navigation Receiver GNSS Receiver DGNSS Receiver etc. Radar Gyro / Compass Speed / Log (processing) Unit Basis functionality COM AIS etc. Presentation I Integrity Surface Processing Processing Functionality Chain Chain X Status Monitor A Basis functionality Integrated Navigation System I Processing Processing Chain Chain N Integrity Functionality Status Monitor A Alarm Management Output Selection P/I N/I T/I A Creation Legend: of true redundancy by supported use of all relevant sensor data including - Product specification by Performance Standard data of GNSS/DGNSS and future backup systems P/I - Position and Integrity Data N/I - Navigation and Integrity Data T/I - Time and Integrity Data Introduction T/I -of Alert parallel Data processing chains for robust data provision under consideration Integrated of available System augmentation and backup services World Wide Radio Navigation System (WWRNS) Implementation of accuracy assessment (integrity functionality) per processing Individual Technical chain, if possible Service Radio Augmentation Performance controlled provision of best Augmentation N output data etc. Additional Provision of accuracy INS Modul Backup assessment results (integrity data) relevant Ship-side alert messaging for Shore-side alarm management of Integrated Navigation System (INS) paradigm shift Folie