Brains Unlimited, UHF MRI, 3T, 7T, 9.4T Erik van den Bergh, Siemens Nederland 2e Hans Boter symposium 1 november 2013 siemens.com/answers Komende 40 minuten o De bouw van een geavanceerd scannerlab o 3T o 7T o 9.4T o Motivatie UHF MRI voor Brains Unlimited o f-mri o Anatomie o Diffusion tensor tractography o Scannexus o Open scanning facility o Educational program o Vragen? Handout 1
Officiele opening 29 Oktober 2013 Foto: Arjen Schmitz Brains Unlimited project 9.4T 7T 3T Turnkey solution Scannerlab Handout 2
Responsible - The scanner lab The Consortium Partners 28-09-2011 Handout 3
02-12-2011 9.4T 7T 3T 9.4T ruimte, 21-03-2012 Ruimte voor de 9.4T magneet L x B x H 17.35m x 11.20m x 9.80m Handout 4
13-07-2012 MAGNETOM Prisma 3T Power to outperform Unmatched 3T magnet 80 mt/m @ 200 T/m/s gradient performance Parallel transmit architecture Tim 4G integrated coil technology 2e systeem world wide Handout 5
MAGNETOM 7T, 22-08-2012 MAGNETOM 7T 7T 830 Active Shielded Magnet 5 Gauss at 6m 570km wire, 255 A 69MJ stored energy Operating temperature 4.2K 38000 kg SC72 gradient set 70mT/m @ 200T/m/s 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd order shims Multinuclear TxRx capabilities. Tim RF receive chain 32 channels with Dedicated coils: Head Knee Occipital Auditory 35e 7T, 4e active shielded Eerste resultaten 7T Handout 6
9.4T Preparation, RF Shielding, 05-09-2012 9.4T Preparation, Steel Shielding, 15-10-2012 Handout 7
9.4T Preparation, Steel Shielding, 16-10-2012 9.4T Preparation, Steel Shielding, 01-11-2012 Handout 8
9.4T Preparation, Steel Shielding, 15-02-2013 9.4T MAGNET Delivery, 03-05-2013 Handout 9
MAGNETOM 9.4T MAGNETOM 9.4T 9.4T 820 Passive Shielded Magnet 5 Gauss at 25m contained with 610.000 kg passive steel shielding! 460km wire, 260A 126MJ stored energy Operating temperature 4.2K 47000 kg AC84 head gradient set 80mT/m @ 400T/m/s 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th order shims 8 channel ptx setup Tim RF receive chain 32 channels with Dedicated coils: 8TxRx Head Several coils under development 4e 9.4T system world wide First Images 9.4T 0.5x0.15x0.15mm Handout 10
3 rd Human subject 18-10-2013 Dedicated Occipital Coil SWI MIP Motivatie scanners o Hoge resolutie Anatomische scans o Hoge spatiele en temporele resolutie functionele-mri o Hoge resolutie diffusion tensor imaging Handout 11
MS patient 3T versus 7T 63-year-old female with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) with an Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) of approximately 6.0. A 7 T MRI scan was performed for the detection of possible cortical lesions. 7T 3D-FLAIR 0.8 mm isotropic resolution; 3T FLAIR 1.1 mm isotropic. 9.4T versus 3T 9.4T 3T Handout 12
The Story of Phineas Gage, arbeidsongeval 13 september 1848 http://www.noircon.info/2011/08/noir-modern-day-phineas-gage-in-oslo.html Phineas Gage : Cognitieve neurowetenschappen hersen letsel dysfunctioneren (post mortem) deductie functie van aangetaste hersengebied Probleem: geen controle over het experiment Handout 13
Time delay between neuronal activity and BOLD respons f-mri Blood Oxygen Level Dependent PET EEG MEG Techniques for brain research EEG MEG PET(CT) f-mri TMS + speed - localization + speed - localization + localization - radioactive tracers + localization - slow + localization - invasive Handout 14
start stimulus end stimulus f-mri visual experiment 10 volumes baseline 5 volumes stimulus volume Tr=2s 25 slices, not all shown Inline t-test evaluation roi t-test data signal intensity 550 ROI 1 bas. ROI 1 act. ROI 2 bas. ROI 2 act. 525 ROI 1 bas. ROI 1 act. ROI 2 bas. ROI 2 act. Handout 15
T-test result Result T-test Using BOLD card 3D view event related average activation Handout 16
Stimuli o visual o auditory o somatosensory (touch, pressure and temperature) o olfactory o gustatory Reaction recording o button response box o joystick/mouse/trackball o eye tracker o EEG o ECG o respiration o skin temparature Handout 17
Complex visual stimulus: polar angle Primary motor cortex: Homunculus Handout 18
Flatmaps Motor Homunculus, on flatmap Handout 19
Motor Homunculus, activation Realtime feedback MRI Siemens MRI: EPI, 25 slices, TR = 2 s Feedback Presenter Turbo-BrainVoyager Real-time fmri Network drive mapping Image Reconstruction Scanner Console B. Sorger, R. Goebel, Universiteit Maastricht Handout 20
Realtime feedback MRI Subjects control vertical position of racket by the amplitude of the BOLD response in modulated brain area Subject 1 Subject 2 B. Sorger, R. Goebel, Universiteit Maastricht Alfabet codering B. Sorger, R. Goebel, Universiteit Maastricht Handout 21
Realtime encoding B. Sorger, R. Goebel, Universiteit Maastricht Brain functions map Welk deel van het brein zal van groot belang zijn voor musici? Handout 22
Grijze en Witte hersenmassa Heschl s Gyrus * * Auditieve cortex: Heschl s Gyrus Dominante zijde Dominante zijde Handout 23
P. Schneider, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1060: 387 394 (2005) Muzikaliteit & grijze massa volume P. Schneider, nature neuroscience volume 5 no 7 july 2002 Handout 24
Talent of Training? Vraag blijft of genetische aanleg (talent) of vroege blootstelling en oefening het anatomische verschil veroorzaken tussen muzikanten en niet-muzikanten? Wat doet u? Handout 25
Highly organized tissue: Nerve Fibers Kissing / Crossing fibers and tensors, tracking Handout 26
Diffusion in tissue Two important measures: diffusion constant (ADC) diffusion direction (anisotropy) Diffusion Imaging 90 180 RF excitation Gradient Signal dephasing TE/2 rephasing TE Echo acquisition Handout 27
Diffusion Imaging 90 180 RF excitation Gradient Signal dephasing TE/2 rephasing Signal loss! acquisition Echo Diffusion Imaging: diffusion direction 90 180 RF Gradient excitation dephasing TE/2 rephasing Gradient direction Spin movement direction Handout 28
Diffusion Imaging: diffusion direction 90 180 RF excitation TE/2 Signal loss! Gradient dephasing rephasing Gradient direction Spin movement direction Directional encoding spin movement direction X (or X) diffusion gradient direction y y y z z z x x x X (or X) Y (or Y) Z (or Z) Signal LOSS! No signal loss No signal loss Y (or Y) No signal loss Signal LOSS! No signal loss Z (or Z) No signal loss No signal loss Signal LOSS! Handout 29
Diffusion weighting 90 180 g g S 0 S Attenuation S = S 0 e -bd b = 2 2 /3) g 2 D : The Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) b : The b-value (or b-factor), amount of diffusion weighting : The gyromagnetic ratio (42 MHz/T for H + ) g : Amplitude of the diffusion gradients : Length of the diffusion gradients : Time between onset of the diffusion gradients DTI phantoom Proton density TSE 0.18 x 0.18 x 3mm pixels Handout 30
Diffusion direction & b-value: phantoom b = 500 b = 1000 b = 2000 ADC, FA, direction: phantoom ADC-map FA-map Direction Color Coded-map Handout 31
Diffusion direction & b-value: brain b = 0 b = 500 b = 2000 T1 MPRAGE ADC, FA, direction: brain ADC-map FA-map Direction Color Coded Handout 32
Brain: nerve tracking Complex nerve architecture: optisch chiasma Handout 33
Scannexus Scannexus provides: Access to world-leading ultra-high-field (3T, 7T, 9.4T) MRI scanners and operational support and clinical and technical networks Facilitate development of projects matchmaking Organisation dealing with project delivery Advanced-level training in MR development & application www.scannexus.nl Programme Outline o Part-time, Post-graduate Master s programme typically 1 week in Maastricht every 2 months o Consists of 17 modules o Modules can be taken as stand-alone courses or... o Combined to tailor Master study for different needs and background o A Master student follows eleven modules, and writes a Master s thesis o All taught in English o Setup in collaboration: www.scannexus.nl Handout 34
Dank u! VRAGEN? Dank aan: Prof. dr. R. Goebel, University Maastricht Dr. A. Roebroeck, University Maastricht Dr. B. Sorger, University Maastricht Dr. F. Demartino, University Maastricht Dr. C. Wiggins, Scannexus Dr. R. McLennan, Scannexus Dr. F. Demartino, University Maastricht Ing. S. van der Pouw, Siemens Handout 35