Esnek Güneş Pilleri ve Fotovoltaik Tekstiller

Esnek Güneş Pilleri ve Fotovoltaik Tekstiller (Flexible Solar Cells and Photovoltaic Textiles) AYŞE (ÇELİK) BEDELOĞLU Yrd. Doç. Dr. Lif ve Polimer Mühendisliği Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi

Work experience Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Fiber and Polymer Eng. Assist. Prof.Dr. -Feb 2013- (Faculty Erasmus Coordinator & Vice Head of Deparment) Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, - Dr. Res.Ast.- 2009-2013 Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, - Res.Ast.- - Dec 2003-2009

Education Bachelor degree Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi- İzmir - 2003 Master degree Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi - İzmir - 2005 PhD Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi - İzmir - 2009 Advisors: Prof.Dr. Yalçın Bozkurt & Prof.Dr. Ali Demir Thesis: development of fiber with photovoltaic effect * Visits to Gent University (Belgium) and Johannes Kepler University (Linz, Austria)

Outline Photovoltaic technology Organic solar cells Flexible solar cells Photovoltaic textiles Our studies

Reasons for searching renewable energy technologies Exhaustion of conventional energy resources Environmental issues

Renewable energy sources wood and wood waste, municipal solid waste, landfill gas and biogas, ethanol biodiesel

Why solar energy?

Why solar energy?

Photovoltaics Photovoltaics is the most direct way to convert solar radiation into electricity and is based on the photovoltaic effect, which was first observed by Henri Becquerel in 1839. generally defined as the emergence of an electric voltage between two electrodes attached to a solid or liquid system upon shining light onto this system. Practically all photovoltaic devices incorporate a pn junction in a semiconductor across which the photovoltage is developed. Goetzberger and Hoffmann, Photovoltaic Solar Energy Generation, 2005.

Photovoltaic effect Photovoltaic is a marriage of two words: photo, from Greek Source : EPIA. roots, meaning light, and voltaic, from volt, which is the unit used to measure electric potential at a given point.

Problem

Photovoltaic Applications

Characterization of solar cells AM1.5 spectrum (1000W/m 2 ) at a cell temperature of 25 C (IEC 60904-3: 2008, ASTM G-173-03 global) I sc : Short-circuit current ; J sc : Short-circuit current density V oc : Open-circuit voltage FF : Fill factor P in : Incident light power density ƞ : Power conversion efficiency I sc V P oc in FF

Flexible solar cells

Why Flexible Solar Cells? The rigid substrates restricts the solar cells adaptability during transportation, installation, and application. The planar and rigid structures cannot adequately meet the ongoing requirement for small and rapid electronic devices in the future.

Flexible solar cells Thin film technologies Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) and Organic solar cells (OSC)

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) and organic solar cells (OSC) easier fabrication techniques, low cost flexibility

Disadvantages &advantages DSSCs Cost of platinum, FTO and ruthenium dye The liquid electrolyte Limited Flexibility Higher efficiency Stability at indoor applications

Organic solar cells Cheap Easy techniques Flexibility Large scale applicability Colour variety Graded transparency Low temperature

Solar cells Efficiencies (Green et al, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2014)

Bulk heterojunction solar cell The absorber layer of an efficient state of the art bulkheterojunction solar cell is made of so-called donor and acceptor molecules. Günes et al., 2007) Donors: Conjugated polymers, oligomers or conjugated pigments, Acceptors: Fullerene derivatives. They are known for their outstanding optical properties and their ability to transport charges.

It is generally accepted that in state of the art organic semiconductors an electron hole pair (exciton) is generated upon photon absorption Benanti & Venkataraman, Organic solar cells: An overview focusing on active layer morphology, Photosynthesis Research (2006) 87:

Different device architectures of bulk heterojunction solar cells. (a) Standard device design with the cathode on top of the device stack and (b) inverted device architecture with the cathode located on the transparent substrate. [Scharber and Sariciftci, Efficiency of bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells. Progress in Polymer Science 38 (2013) 1929 1940 ]

Disadvantages & advantages of OSCs Cost and application of ITO (substitutes?) Difficulties in electrodes (peeling etc.) Low efficiencies Life time Flexibility Lightness Low temperature techniques

Photovoltaic textiles The materials giving photovoltaic effect can be applied onto the textile materials especially fabrics and garments. The best results will be taken from photovoltaic fibres which can form every type of textile material such as yarns, nonwovens, knitted or woven fabrics. Flexible solar cells can be integrated into textile structures or formed as a photovoltaic based textile (fibre).

PV Publications İ Borazan, A. Celik Bedeloglu, A.Demir, The Effect of MWCNT-PEDOT:PSS Layer in Organic Photovoltaic Fiber Device, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Rapid Communications accepted 2014. Ayşe Celik Bedeloglu, Robert Koeppe, Ali Demir, Yalcin Bozkurt, Niyazi S Sariciftci,, 2010, Development of energy generating photovoltaic textile structures for smart applications, Fibers and Polymers, 11/3, 378-383 Ayse Celik Bedeloglu, Pablo Jimenez, Ali Demir, Bozkurt Y, Wolfgang K. Maser, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci, 2011, Photovoltaic Textile Structure Using Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotube Composite Materials, The Journal of The Textile Institute, 102/10, 857-862 Ayse Celik Bedeloğlu, Ali Demir, Yalcin Bozkurt, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci,, 2010, Photovoltaic properties of polymer based organic solar cells adapted for nontransparent substrates, Renewable Energy, 35/10, 2301-2306 Ayse Celik Bedeloglu, Ali Demir, Yalcin Bozkurt, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci,, 2010, A Photovoltaic Fibre Design for Smart Textiles, Textile Research Journal, 80/11, 1065-1074 Ayse Bedeloglu, Yalcin Bozkurt, Ali Demir, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci, 2009, A flexible textile structure based on polymeric photovoltaics using transparent cathode, Synthetic Metals, 159, 19-20, 2043-2048

Other recent publications Ayse Celik Bedeloglu, Sukhwinder K. Bhullar, Zeynep İşlek Cin, İsmail Borazan, Ali Demir, L. Hoşgün Polycaprolactone (PCL)-based Micro/Nanofiber Webs using Low-Cost Airbrush Technique, in progress 2014. Sukhwinder K. Bhullar, Ayse Bedeloglu, Martin B.G. Jun, Characterization and Auxetic effect of polytetrafluoroethylene Tubular structure as stent graft, in progress 2014. M.F. Can, L. Avdan, A. Bedeloglu, 2014, Properties of biodegradable PVA/Sepiolite-based nanocomposite fiber mats, Polymer Composites, -, doi 10.1002/pc.23147 AYSE BEDELOGLU, 2014, The influence of heat-setting process on physical properties of ribbon-type, industria textila, 65-1, 3-9 Ayşe Bedeloğlu, 2013, Electrical, electromagnetic shielding, and some physical properties of hybrid yarn-based knitted fabrics, Journal of The Textile Institute, Vol. 104, No. 11, 1247 1257 Ayse Bedeloglu, 2013, Investigation of electrical, electromagnetic shielding, and usage properties of woven fabrics made from different hybrid yarns containing stainless steel wires, Journal of The Textile Institute, Volume 104, Issue 12, 1359-1373 Ayse Bedeloglu, Nilsen Sunter,, 2013, Investigation of Polyacrylic / Metal Wire Composite Yarn Characteristics Manufactured on Fancy Yarn Machine, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 28-6, 650-656 Ayse Bedeloglu, Nilsen Sunter, Bekir Yildirim, Yalcin Bozkurt, 2012, Bending and Tensile Properties of Cotton/Metal Wire Complex Yarns produced for electromagnetic shielding and conductivity applications, The Journal of The Textile Institute, 103 12,, 1304-131 Bedeloğlu A, Sunter N, Bozkurt Y, 2011, Manufacturing and properties of yarns containing metal wires, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 26, 10, 1-5

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