UNIT 5 Measures, incluing Prblems This week we are ging t wrk n an iscuss rblems cnnecte with units f measure fr caacity an weight. Mst f the wrk will be ractical with nly a minimum f recring. It is suggeste that uils be shwn hw t measure accurately when they reach the stage f using stanar units. It is essential that they are aware f where exactly t measure frm, an that they realise that accuracy is mst imrtant just estimating is nt g enugh; the chilren must check by measuring accurately. OBJECTIVES T slve simle wr rblems an t exlain hw the rblem was slve. T be able t select an use arriate measuring equiment. T start t interret number scales. T begin t areciate the nee fr stanar units. T estimate, measure an cmare masses an caacities. LANGUAGE guess, estimate, abut, between, clse t grams, kilgrams, litres balances, weighs, heaviest, lightest, stanar unit caacity, full RESOURCES Interlcking cubes, bucket balance, bjects fr balancing (bks, bricks, 25 g t kg weights), cntainers f ifferent shaes an sizes, bucket, beakers an cus, 2 -litre an -litre jugs, san. Teaching Inut 0 cntainers f ifferent shaes an sizes, 2 -litre an -litre jugs Yu might suggest the chilren wrk in airs fr this activity. What we mean by caacity? Can anyne tell me what unit we use t measure caacity? When yu measure an fill jugs r bttles, be careful nt t sill any liqui by staning the cntainer in a bwl an making sure sille water is re-use. Can yu fin tw cntainers that yu think hl the same amunt f water? Check by recring hw many cus f water will fill the cntainer. Can yu suggest ther ways f checking? Try again, this time using a 2 - litre measure. Are yur results the same as befre? Were yu crrect? Were yu surrise? Why? Teaching Inut 2 Hw many millilitres are there in a litre? Des anyne knw what we mean by caacity? Caacity is the amunt smething will hl. Can anyne tell me what units we use t measure caacity? selectin f bttles r cntainers f ifferent shaes an sizes, bucket, san, beakers an cus, 2 -litre an -litre jugs Ault suervisin recmmene Ask the chilren t wrk in airs. Fin tw cntainers yu think might hl the same amunt f water. Nw test them ut. Was yur guess crrect? Nw chse tw ifferent cntainers an try the exeriment again. Hw clse was yur estimate this time? Nw suggest ne f the air lines u fur r five cntainers (making sure they have selecte tw that will hl litre). They then ask their artner t ick ut the tw that they think might hl exactly a litre, befre checking t see if they were crrect. (Remin them t stan the cntainer being fille in a bwl an use u all the sille water.) They then swa rles an reeat the activity with ifferent cntainers. Were yur estimates crrect this time? Bring ut the bucket an san. Hw many beakers, cus r jugs yu think will be neee t fill the bucket?
MEASURES, INCLUDING PROBLEMS Nte their estimates n the bar befre filling the bucket with each f the chsen cntainers. Were yu crrect? Which was mst arriate t fill the bucket? Why? What have yu iscvere? What was imrtant? Hw i yu check yur wrk? Teaching Inut 3 i Ault suervisin recmmene bucket balance, bjects fr balancing (bks, bricks, interlcking cubes, 25 g t kg weights) Suggest the chilren wrk in airs fr this activity. We are ging t try balancing an weighing ifferent things. Remember, when yu balance smething, yu must be careful hw yu it, an yu must be accurate. I wul like yu t fin ut which f the tw things is heavier by balancing: a she r ten cubes; a library bk r ten cubes; a encil r ten cubes; an emty cntainer r ten cubes. In each case, estimate which is heavier first, then check. Were yu crrect? Di everyne get the same answers? Hw cul we ensure that all answers wul be the same? 50 g weight Ask the chilren t cy the table belw int their bks. weight bject heavier? lighter? the same? 50 g she c UNIT 5 Give each chil a 50 g weight. Ask them t fin three things in the rm that are heavier than 50 grams, then ask them t fin three things that are lighter than 50 grams. They shul recr their answers in the table. Reeat the exercise with 00 g, 500 g an kg weights. Teaching Inut 4 This activity rvies cnsliatin wrk fr the chilren whereby they recr their answers in their bks. If an exercise bk weighs 50 g, hw much fur bks weigh? I have a bag f ranges which weighs kg. Hw much wul three bags weigh? I g int a sh an buy 00 g f tffee, a 50 g bar f chclate, a llly that weighs 25 g, an a 25 g acket f criss. Hw much they weigh altgether? Write wn as many wrs t with weights an measures as yu can in the next five minutes. Time the chilren make sure they write neatly. I nee a cntainer that will hl half a litre f milk, ne litre f milk an anther half litre f milk. Hw much must my cntainer hl altgether? Nw ask the chilren t think u sme similar questins fr a artner. They shul be abut weight r caacity an the questiner must make sure they knw the crrect answer! What units might yu use t measure weight r caacity? Was it easier t measure using stanar units? What questins i yu think u fr yur artner? Di they wrk them ut crrectly?
UNIT Measures an Time, incluing Prblems This week we are ging t use vcabulary relate t time. We will be able t rer the mnths f the year an rea the time t the hur, half hur an quarter hur, n bth an analgue an a 2- hur igital clck. There will be lts f ractical wrk base n length. OBJECTIVES T slve simle rblems invlving time. T knw an be able t rer mnths f the year an ays f the week. T unerstan an use vcabulary relate t time an length. T suggest suitable units an equiment fr measuring. LANGUAGE lng, lnger, shrter, taller estimate, check, abut, nearly centimetres, metres, hurs, secns, minutes, ays f the week, mnths f the year ruler, metre rule analgue, igital RESOURCES PCM 0, ifferent clcks, ages frm a calenar, cars with the ays f the week an mnths f the year written n, interlcking cubes, matchsticks, string in varius lengths, metre sticks, infant rulers, tae measures. Teaching Inut What yu think is a suitable unit t measure: the height f the table? the with f the winw? What cul we measure in centimetres? What cul we measure in metres? Hw many centimetres are there in a metre? interlcking cubes, tae measures, matchsticks, infant rulers, string in varius lengths Give the chilren a selectin f ifferent units t measure with, fr examle, cubes, matchsticks, string, tae measures an rulers, an ask them t cy the fllwing table in their bks. measure estimate check crrect? table in hans 6 9 n As uils wrk in airs, ask them questins, such as: Hw cul yu measure the length f the table? What units cul yu use? Fr instance, hans, cubes, shes, bks. Estimate the length f the table in hans (r cubes, shes, bks) an then check by measuring. Was yur estimate crrect? Nw estimate it in cubes (r shes r bks). Di yu get the same result? If nt, why nt? Make sure that the chilren are measuring accurately. Estimate then check several ther measures in the classrm, using a tae measure r ruler. Yu might try the length f the blackbar, the with f the blackbar r the height f the r, an s n. Di everyne get the same results? If nt, why nt? Teaching Inut 2 Can yu tell me hw many mnths are in a year? Hw many ays are there in a week? Hw many minutes are in an hur? Hw many secns are there in a minute? PCM 0, ifferent clcks What es a igital clck lk like? Can yu give me an examle f where yu might fin ne? 22
MEASURES AND TIME, INCLUDING PROBLEMS If it says 4:30 n a igital clck, where wul the hans be n an analgue ne? Then ask the chilren t cmlete PCM 0, rviing sme examle clcks t hel them, if necessary. Which yu fin is easier t rea an analgue r a igital clck? Why? Di everyne get the same answers t the questins? UNIT What are the mnths f the year? Can yu ut the cars int sets fr the fur seasns sring, summer, autumn an winter? Nw rer the cars starting with January. Are they all crrect? Are yu sure? Can anyne see anything that nees mving? Ask the chilren t cy these incmlete lines int their bks an t fill in the missing ays r mnths. Teaching Inut 3 Saturay Tuesay Mnay If it is three clck, what time will it be in three hurs? What time will it be in tw hurs thirty minutes? Friay January March May August Setember ages frm a calenar In airs, ask the chilren t answer these questins by writing cmlete sentences in their bks. Make sure each air has a age frm a calenar t refer t. Which mnth are yu wrking with? Hw many Tuesays are there in yur mnth? Hw many Saturays? Write wn the ates fr: the first Mnay in yur mnth the thir Friay in yur mnth the last Thursay the secn Sunay the furth Saturay. What is the first ay in yur mnth? What is the last ay in yur mnth? Hw many ays are there in yur mnth? What ays are the furteenth, twenty-thir, secn an sixth ays f yur mnth? Teaching Inut 4 cars with the ays f the week an mnths f the year written n Give ut the cars with ays f the week t the chilren an ask them t srt an rer them, starting with Sunay. Which ay cmes after Sunay? After Saturay? Between Wenesay an Friay? Nw han ut the cars with mnths f the year n. December Which is yur favurite mnth? Why? D yu als like the seasn in which it falls? Teaching Inut 5 Hw many centimetres are there in a metre? Hw many metres are there in a kilmetre? Which unit yu think wul be mst suitable t measure a table? T measure the with f the classrm? T measure the istance t the schl? If a ll is twenty-five centimetres tall an a rbt is frty centimetres tall, which is the taller? What is the ifference in their heights? My cat is twenty-eight centimetres tall an my g is twenty centimetres taller. Hw tall is my g? metre sticks, infant rulers, tae measures Wrking in airs, ask the chilren t use a metre stick r tae measure t measure the height f their chairs an tables, an the height f their artner, recring the answers in their bks. Nw fin three things taller an shrter than ne metre. Fin tw things that measure exactly ne metre. What have yu learne? Can yu tell me abut yur wrk? Hw yu knw yur measurements are crrect? 23
UNIT 7 Measures, incluing Prblems This week mst f ur wrk is ractical, invlving caacity an weight. Chilren must always be careful t measure accurately abut half a litre is nt g enugh. OBJECTIVES T be able t suggest suitable units t estimate an measure mass an caacity. T suggest an use simle equiment, an be able t interret number scales with sme accuracy. T slve wr rblems invlving measures, an exlain hw they were slve. LANGUAGE weight, weighs, heavy, light, balances full, emty, hls guess, estimate kilgrams, litres, grams, half-litres RESOURCES Selectin f scales (nt balances) an materials t weigh (san, bks, bricks, rice, beans, rie eas), litre an 2 -litre jugs r cus, cus an beakers, bucket, water. Teaching Inut i kg scales, materials t weigh (rice, beans, rie eas, san) The chilren wrk in airs with each chil weighing the materials each time, s there are tw recrings er measure. Each take turns t sc abut 25 grams f rice (r beans, eas, san). Nw weigh it. Was yur estimate crrect r was yur frien mre accurate? Nw try t sc 00 grams f rice. Nw weigh it. Was yur estimate crrect r was yur frien mre accurate? Nw try t sc 400 grams f rice. Were yu r yur frien clse when yu weighe it accurately? Reeat the activity fr 500 grams, 600 grams, 900 grams an kilgram. Was it easier t be the secn ersn t weigh? Di yu lk very carefully at the amunts an the marks? What have yu iscvere? Teaching Inut 2 selectin f scales (nt balances) an materials t weigh (san, bks, bricks) Ault suervisin recmmene Suggest chilren wrk in airs t carry ut these activities. Als, when weighing bjects, allw them t use mre than ne f whatever they are wrking with. Hw much es a cu f san weigh? Hw much es a bk weigh? Hw much three bricks weigh? Hw much es ne she weigh? Hw much tw shes weigh? Chse three things which each weigh less than 200 grams. Hw much they weigh altgether? Chse three things which each weigh mre than 200 grams. Hw much they weigh altgether? Nw fin three things that each weigh exactly 200 grams. What i yu chse? Di everyne chse the same things t weigh? Teaching Inut 3 2 -litre jugs, -litre jugs, cus an beakers, water, bucket Ault suervisin recmmene The chilren wrk in airs t estimate hw many cus f water will be neee t fill the 2 -litre jug. Make sure they are careful nt t sill any. Limit the number f airs if necessary. Were yu crrect? Nw estimate hw many beakers are neee t fill the 2 -litre jug. Were yu crrect? Were yu surrise? 34
MEASURES, INCLUDING PROBLEMS Reeat fr the -litre jug. Nw guess hw many jugs f water it will take t fill a bucket. Fin ut exactly hw many it takes, being careful t fill it slwly. Di yu cunt crrectly? Di yu nee t check? Hw many cus were neee t fill the 2 -litre jug? Hw many fr the -litre jug? Di yu get the same answers? Why? Why nt? Teaching Inut 4 -litre an 2 -litre jugs r cus, water Ault suervisin recmmene Once again, allw the chilren t wrk in airs. UNIT 7 Pur sme water int a jug, but nt fill it, an ask yur frien t guess hw much water is in the jug. With yur jug n a flat surface, lk carefully at the measure t see hw many millilitres there are in it. Hw clse was yur frien s guess? Reeat this several times, recring the estimates an amunts yu can see. Nw ecie hw much t fill the jug. Estimate hw many cus f water yu can get frm the jug befre trying it ut, being careful nt sill any. Were yu crrect? Nw let yur frien fill the jug an see if yu can estimate hw much water there is accurately. Reeat this several times. 35