GEO FCT Training activities in Indonesia 2011-2012 Dirk Hoekman, Wageningen University Orbita Roswintiarti, Remote Sensing Data Center, LAPAN GEO-FCT Science & Data Summit #3 Arusha/Tanzania, February 6-10, 2012
Indonesia Facility The Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in the framework of its INDONESIA FACILITY 2010 program, supports the implementation of the project INDF10/RI/23 Building advanced radar capacity for Indonesia s national forest and carbon accounting systems, which is carried out by LAPAN, Wageningen University and SarVision (2011-2012). The project is supervised by the NL EVD Internationaal, which is a department of Agentschap NL, residing under the Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation. 2
Background Indonesia is working on the development of a national Forest Resources Information System (FRIS) and a National Carbon Accounting System (INCAS), among others to enable international payments for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD+). 3
Objectives Short term objective: To introduce new radar satellite image processing capacity in Indonesia, building on on-going programmes and existing infrastructure. Long term objective: To establish sustainable capacity in Indonesia for systematic (radar) monitoring of Indonesia s forest resources and land cover, enabling payments for reduced deforestation. 4
Objectives The project should result in: 1. Specifications for an operational radar-based forest and land cover monitoring system component in Indonesia according to international guidelines, 2. the transfer of a dedicated radar satellite image processing system to Indonesia, 3. the training of Indonesian technical staff in the use of the system, and 4. the production of (radar-based) forest and land cover maps covering entire Borneo and/or Sumatra for the period 2007-2010 using this system. 5
Result Project Structure - Results Period 1. Inception phase 2. Advanced radar image preprocessing training 3. Radar data evaluation and classification training 4. System requirements for scaling up and full scale radar system established 5. Project results disseminated January-March 2011 April-June 2011 July-December 2011 January-June 2012 July-December 2012 6
Results 2-4: Workshops and milestones Result 2 (pre-processing training): Two workshops, one in Wageningen (1 week, selected LAPAN staff visit to Wageningen) and one in Jakarta (2 weeks, Wageningen staff visit to LAPAN) are planned. Result 3 (classification training): Two workshops, one in Wageningen (1 week, selected LAPAN staff visit to Wageningen) and one in Jakarta (3 weeks, Wageningen staff visit to LAPAN) are planned. Result 4 (system requirements): A 1 week workshop will be organized at LAPAN to establish the specifications of an operational system which meets the user requirements for the national FRIS and INCAS systems and international (IPCC, UNFCCC) guidelines. Result 4 (operational test): The radar processing chain will be build and tested operationally during a 1 week workshop at LAPAN. 7
First INDF project results Staff of LAPAN trained in radar pre-processing, classification and validation techniques Radar unit for INCAS established (12 persons) Participation of Ministry of Forestry and Bakosurtanal In total 20+ participants 8
Summary 2011 workshops Pre-processing workshop Hardware and software installation (Linux server) Radar lectures (why radar?; radar basics; physics of wave-terrain interaction) Practical exercises, such as: ortho-rectification software (Gamma), slope correction, mosaicking) Radar mosaic end product generation Classification and validation workshop Lectures (radar data interpretation; classification and validation techniques) Practical exercises (legend development, classification and validation) Radar thematic map generation and validation Field reconnaissance 9
Composite mosaic 2009-2010 HH-HV-VV C&L-band PALSAR HH-HV Radarsat-2 VV-HV Result pre-processing workshop This demonstration product was made during the 19-29 July 2011 INDF Radar pre-processing Workshop at LAPAN, Pekayon, by participants from LAPAN and Bakosurtanal. Pre-processed radar image products of PALSAR, Radarsat-2, ASAR, TerraSAR-X and Cosmo-SkyMed were created in a highly automated fashion by applying batch processing in Ubuntu LINUX in detached sessions, using specialised software from the companies GAMMA and SarVision. This particular product features a wall-to-wall ortho-rectified multi-sensor radar mosaic of Borneo and is corrected for radiometric slope effects. INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
PALSAR 2009 FBS-HH FBD-HH FBD-HV Sarawak, Borneo, Indonesia K&C result: FBS/FBD pair reveals many land cover classes
INDF mosaic Radarsat-2 WB PALSAR FB HH-HV-VV Sarawak, Borneo, Indonesia INDF workshop result: L-band/C-band combination improves contrast between forest and Acacia plantations Better visibility of Acacia plantations
PALSAR 2009 FBS-HH FBD-HH FBD-HV Forests in Heart of Borneo, Indonesia K&C result: FBS/FBD pair shows mainly geomorphology
INDF mosaic Radarsat-2 WB PALSAR FB HH-HV-VV Forests in Heart of Borneo, Indonesia INDF workshop result: L-band/C-band combination improves contrast between forest types Higher contrasts within forest
Fig 1 Tiles of 2009-2010 radar data stacks over Borneo INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
Result classification and validation workshop Example New deforestation / plantation development 2007 16
Result classification and validation workshop Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 2008 17
Result classification and validation workshop Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 2009 18
Result classification and validation workshop Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 2010 19
Fig 2 INCAS reference data sets Borneo INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
Result classification and validation workshop Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 21
Result classification and validation workshop 5 ½hour flight, 6200 useful oblique photos 22
Result classification and validation workshop Used for radar legend development and harmonization with Landsat derived INCAS products. 23
INCAS Radar unit at LAPAN Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 24
System design (next workshop) Aerial photo flights 4 Dec 2011 Forest monitoring systems for Indonesia: a three-tier approach A. Consistent annual wall-to-wall land cover classification based on PALSAR-2 and other data such as Radarsat-2, Sentinel-1, Landsat, Sentinel-2 (25 m; every year; within 1 month) B. Frequent and fast update of deforestation based on Sentinel- 1(25 m; every 6-12 days; within 1 day) C. Frequent and fast high-resolution update of deforestation and degradation based on (equatorial) SAR and other data such as TS-X, Cosmo-SkyMed, RS-2 Ultra-fine, and RapidEye (3-6 m; every 7-14 days; within 1 day) 25
A B C 2011: week 1 week 2 week 3 week 4 --- 2007-2008-2009-2010---- INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
Nested approach A B A. Consistent annual wall-to-wall land cover provides a baseline for (wall-to-wall) deforestation monitoring B. Frequent and fast deforestation monitoring identifies hot spots. Dense time-series of C-band can improve the quality of system A. C. Frequent and fast high-resolution monitoring in hot spots of deforestation can identify logging trails and degradation. Indications of areas of degradation are also visible in products of system A. C INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
INDF ORIO A B Within INDF focus is on Borneo and system A based on PALSAR, and its validation. The use of RS-2 and Landsat as supporting data is considered. For validation INCAS hi-res optical data are available. [Approach cf. GEO-FCT] C Further development of forest product generation infrastructure (for all main islands) is the topic of a proposed extension under ORIO funding. [Approach cf. GFOI] INDF Workshop Jakarta 21 November 2 December 2011, Classification of SAR imagery
Aerial Several photo students flights intend 4 Dec to write 2011(scientific) papers on workshop results. Several students pursue follow-up training at PhD and post-doc level in Wageningen. Within the INDF capacity building project students are acquainted with the whole (radar) processing chain. In the next (ORIO) phase it is intended that students specialize on the different aspects and form an efficient operational unit under INCAS. Thank you 29