Country Profile: Food Security Indicars I. FOOD DEPRIVATION AND CONSUMPTION INDICATORS Food Deprivation Proportion of undernourishment 27 21 18 16-5.8-2.8-2.0 Number of undernourished millions 6.1 5.0 4.7 4.5-4.0-1.2-0.7 Food deficit of undernourished population kcal/person/day 250 230 230 220-1.5-0.5-0.3 Food Needs Minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER) kcal/person/day 1730 1750 1760 1780 0.2 0.2 0.1 Average dietary energy requirement (ADER) kcal/person/day 2180 2200 2220 2250 0.2 0.2 0.2 Food Supply for Human Consumption Dietary energy supply (DES) kcal/person/day 2110 2260 2340 2410 1.4 0.7 0.5 Total protein consumption g/person/day 53.2 62.8 63.9 67.4 * 3.3 0.3 1.1 * Animal protein consumption g/person/day 19.1 22.8 21.9 23.7 * 3.5-0.8 2.1 * Fat consumption g/person/day 43.3 46.6 44.7 40.7 * 1.5-0.8-1.9 * Diet Composition (Share in DES): Carbohydrate 71.5 70.3 71.9 73.8 * -0.3 0.4 0.5 * Total protein 10.1 11.1 10.9 11.1 * 1.9-0.3 0.4 * Animal protein 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.9 * 2.2-1.5 0.9 * Fat 18.5 18.5 17.2 15.1 * 0.1-1.5-2.6 * Major food commodities consumed (share in DES) * 1 - Rice, milled 19.8 17.4 19.5 21.5 * -2.6 2.2 1.9 * 2 - Potaes 4.2 7.5 8.4 8.2 * 11.6 2.2-0.6 * 3 - Sugar, refined 11.3 5.9 7.3 7.9 * -13.1 4.4 1.7 * 4 - Bread 8.2 7.4 6.7 6.4 * -2.0-1.9-0.8 * 5 - Cassava 2.6 3.7 4.3 4.9 * 7.2 3.1 2.5 * Share of cereals and roots & tubers in DES 57.9 59.8 58.2 58.6 * 0.7-0.6 0.1 * Share of oils and fats in DES 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.7 * -0.3-0.2 0.9 * *ranked on the latest 3-year period II. FOOD PRODUCTION INDICATORS Role of production consumption by major commodity** 1 - Rice, milled 64.2 91.2 116.7 115.0 * 7.0 4.9-0.3 * 2 - Potaes 164.7 154.0 160.6 160.2 * -1.3 0.8 0.0 * 3 - Sugar, refined 72.0 38.9 75.6 72.6 * -12.3 13.3-0.8 * 4 - Bread 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 5 - Cassava 143.0 143.6 144.9 145.0 * 0.1 0.2 0.0 * **ratio of production consumption by major commodity Last update: Ocber 2010
Country Profile: Food Security Indicars III. FOOD TRADE INDICATORS Foreign Food Trade Exports Total merchandise MLN US$ 3348 6100 7281 27725 12.0 3.5 22.3 Share of food (1) in tal merchandise value 4.0 4.5 5.5 5.1 2.7 3.7-1.1 Share in tal DES production 37.6 44.3 41.5 33.3 3.3-1.3-3.7 Imports Total merchandise MLN US$ 4174 8012 7373 21929 13.0-1.7 18.2 Share of food (1) in tal merchandise value 15.5 14.4 10.3 8.1-1.5-6.7-4.0 Share in tal DES production 33.7 34.3 28.6 38.9 0.4-3.6 6.1 Net food trade (Food exp.-food imp.) in tal GDP -1.6-1.6-0.7-0.3-0.5-17.1-11.6 Role of imports consumption by major commodity*** 1 - Rice, milled 34.0 33.2 4.2 5.2 * -0.5-41.3 4.4 * 2 - Potaes 1.2 1.1 0.0 1.7 * -2.5-198.3 207.7 * 3 - Sugar, refined 35.3 88.4 37.6 42.2 * 18.4-17.1 2.3 * 4 - Bread 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 5.2 * 5 - Cassava * * ***ratio of imports consumption by major commodity Food Aid Received Cereal aid shipments 1000 MT 372.8 135.0 96.3 na -20.3-6.8 na Share of food aid in tal dietary energy supply (DES) 9.1 4.6 4.0 na -13.7-1.8 na IV. MACRO AND SOCIO ECONOMIC INDICATORS Population Total population 1000 22216 24366 26386 28507 1.8 1.6 1.3 Density Inh/sq Km 17 19 21 22 1.8 1.6 1.3 Share of urban in tal population 69.3 70.4 70.8 71.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 Age dependency ratio (per 100 persons aged 15-64) ratio 72.1 67.1 62.9 58.1-1.4-1.3-1.3 Macro economic aggregates GDP at market prices (constant 2000 US$) MLN US$ 36559 49027 54260 77192 5.9 2.0 5.9 Share of agriculture value added in tal GDP 8.5 8.9 8.2 7.1 0.9-1.6-2.4 Workers' remittances and compensation of employees, received (in tal GDP) 0.5 1.1 1.3 2.0 16.5 4.0 6.6 Net official development assistance received (in tal GDP) 1.5 0.6 0.8 0.4-16.3 4.6-12.8 Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$) (in tal GDP) 0.0 4.8 2.5 4.6-13.3 10.5 Current account balance (in tal GDP) -5.0-6.9-2.4 0.1 6.6-21.6 Total reserves in months of imports no. months 5.1 9.6 9.4 8.7 12.5-0.4-1.4 Cash surplus/deficit (in tal GDP) -4.5 0.6-1.8 1.9 Last update: Ocber 2010
Country Profile: Food Security Indicars Poverty (last year available) (%of population) National (Poverty headcount) - 2010 31.3 Rural (Poverty headcount) - 2010 54.2 Urban (Poverty headcount) - 2010 19.1 Inequality in Access Food and Income Gini of income - 2009 48.0 Gini of dietary energy consumption - 1985-1986 15.1 Share of food in tal expenditure - 2005 31.8 Consumer price index (Base=2000) - Lima 20.2 80.0 102.0 114.3 27.5 4.9 1.9 Consumer food price index (Base=2000) - Lima 23.1 85.8 100.5 113.0 26.2 3.2 2.0 Literacy rate Adult female (% of females aged 15 and above) - 2007 89.6 Adult male (% of males aged 15 and above) - 2007 94.9 Adult both sexes (% of people aged 15 and above) - 2007 84.6 V. AGRICULTURE INDICATORS Agricultural inputs Total labour force 1000 7654 8733 9873 11363 2.6 2.5 2.3 Share of agricultural labour force (2) in tal labour force 37.2 36.0 34.6 32.2-0.7-0.8-1.2 Share of female in agricultural labour force 26.3 27.2 28.4 31.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 Land Arable land & permanent crops 1000 HA 3980 4091 4265 4417 0.6 0.8 0.6 Share of irrigated in tal arable land 29.9 29.2 28.0 27.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Agricultural Production (1) - Major Items * 1 - Indigenous chicken meat 1000 MT 285 393 539 787 6.4 6.3 6.3 2 - Rice, paddy 1000 MT 870 1268 2013 2524 7.5 9.2 3.8 3 - Potaes 1000 MT 1204 2360 3088 3405 13.5 5.4 1.6 4 - Cow milk, whole (fresh) 1000 MT 777 903 1125 1501 3.0 4.4 4.8 5 - Indigenous cattle meat 1000 MT 112 111 132 163-0.2 3.4 3.5 Major Exports (1) (share in Agriculture) * 1 - Coffee, green 30.9 44.8 28.1 24.6 7.4-9.3-2.2 2 - Vegetables NES, preserved 12.2 12.4 13.9 13.9 0.4 2.3-0.1 3 - Asparagus 2.5 4.5 9.6 10.2 11.9 15.2 0.9 4 - Pimen 0.0 0.1 2.0 4.8 36.3 59.5 14.7 5 - Crude organic materials NES 5.3 5.5 4.5 3.6 0.7-4.0-3.8 Last update: Ocber 2010
Country Profile: Food Security Indicars Major Imports (1) (share in Agriculture) * 1 - Wheat 18.0 19.9 18.9 18.0 2.1-1.0-0.8 2 - Maize 11.6 10.7 10.2 13.8-1.6-1.0 5.0 3 - Oil of soybeans 5.2 4.9 8.0 10.7-1.1 9.7 4.9 4 - Cake of soybeans 3.3 4.7 10.1 10.3 7.0 15.2 0.3 5 - Food preparations NES 1.0 2.5 4.8 4.1 17.5 13.0-2.6 *ranked on the latest 3-year period Inputs Fertilizer use/arable land kg nutr./ha na na 71.9 78.6 1.5 Investments in agriculture Agricultural support estimate for OECD countries US$ billion External assistance agriculture Const.US$/agric.worker na na na na na na na Agriculture, value added per worker Const. 2000US$ 878.6 1062.5 1233.2 1460.7 3.8 3.0 2.8 Last update: Ocber 2010
Country Profile: Food Security Indicars VI. HEALTH, NUTRITIONAL AND SANITATION INDICATORS Child Nutritional Status Stunting, less than - 2 s.d - 2007-08 28.0 Overweight, more than + 2 s.d - 2007-08 9.8 Adult Nutritional Status Underweight - both sexes - 2004-06 Underweight - males - 2004-06 Underweight - females - 2004-06 1.9 Obesity - both sexes - 2004-06 Obesity - males - 2004-06 Obesity - females - 2004-06 12.5 Health and Sanitation Life expectancy at birth - both sexes years 66 68 71 73 0.7 0.7 0.5 Life expectancy at birth - males years 64 66 68 70 0.7 0.7 0.5 Life expectancy at birth - females years 68 71 74 76 0.7 0.7 0.5 Under-five mortality rate - 2009 per 1000 live births 21 Infant mortality rate (0-1 year) - 2009 per 1000 live births 19 Access safe water - 2009 19.4 Access adequate sanitation - 2008 68.0 Maternal mortality ratio - 2008 per 10 5 live births 98 Notes: (1) Crops & livesck products; (2) Includes fishing, forestry & hunting; - =Proportion less than 5% of undernourished; na=data Not Available; ns=not statistically Significant. * Data refer 2005-07 instead of. FAO 2011 Last update: Ocber 2010