E-Mobility in Hungary and the E-Mobility Network

E-Mobility in Hungary and the E-Mobility Network

Humanity has experienced some great inventions that changed our lives significantly 4000 BC 18 th century 19 th century 20 th century 21 th century Wheel Steamengine Car Electricity Television Computer Mobile phone Internet? Will E-Mobility be the next one? 2. OLDAL

We think YES, as transport trends are not sustainable Transport consumption by fuel (IEA countries) Year 2007 1974 0 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 Petrol/Diesel oil Other Oil consumption by sector (Hungary) Year 2007 1974 Mtoe Percentage > Energy needs of transport increased by 77% within 3 decades in major energy consumer countries > Transport activities have became responsible for most of the oil consumption in Hungary > Burning of fossil fuels has to be reduced in order to support achievement of goals set in Kyoto protocol Transport Residential Industry and other Source: IEA There is a great need for solutions that reduce energy consumption, oil dependency and CO 2 emissions at the same time. 3. OLDAL

E-Mobility is a more efficient way of using primary energy sources in transport with lower CO 2 emissions Through E-mobility CO2 emission can be reduced even by using electricity generated on hard-coal basis Comparison of emission levels of vehicles However, there are significant differences among countries based on their generation mix Well-to-wheel benefits of electric vehicles in different countries Conventional vehicles Electric vehicles Hard-coal PP 800-1000 g/kwh Gas turbine PP 350-450 g/kwh Renewables/ nuclear PP 5-20 g/km 164 195 117 150 115 84 52 2 Well-to-tank Tank-to-wheel The long-term goal is the transition of transport activities to a renewable basis. ICE = internal combustion engine; EV = electric vehicle; PHEV = plug-in hybrid electric vehicle Source: Roland Berger 4. OLDAL

There are parallel developed inventions that can provide long-term sustainability Billions of km driven 1 by type of energy sources > Plug-in Hybrid has an electric motor and an internal combustion engine > EV uses one or more electric motors for propulsion > Biofuel > Hydrogen and fuel cell Source: European Climate Foundation Electricity is available everywhere, thus E-Mobility has great chances to develop. 1) Kilometers for heavy trucks normalized with a factor 4 higher fuel consumption per km 5. OLDAL

It began in the good old times Electric vehicle model by Ányos Jedlik (1828, Hungary) Before the Ford T-model electric cars were a real alternative to internal combustion engine cars > In 1897 there were electric cars used as taxi in New York German electric car (1904) > In 1899 the car that was driven by more than 100 km/h at the very first time was an E-car > Electric trucks were driven between 1910 and 1924 more than 6 million miles in the US Electric car of Edison (1913) > Although E-cars were quite slow they were very popular until 1920s as there was no vibration, no sound, no smell and there was no need for changing gear and cranking 6. OLDAL

Electro-mobility at first in conurbations ~ 60 000 E-cars are expected in Hungary by 2020 E-vehicles 2015: in selected metropolian areas London 86 000 Paris 70 000 Istanbul 1) 36 500 Madrid 36 000 Ruhr area 28 000 Milan 28 000 Rome 27 000 Berlin 26 000 Barcelona 25 000 Amsterdam 13 000 Budapest 2) 1 000 Source: JD Power; EIU; citypopulation.de >10 million (19% share in new registrations 3) ) Western Europe (RWE estimate) ~60.000 4) (10% share in new registrations in 2020) Hungary (ELMŰ estimate) Second car owners Companies / Fleets 2015 2020 Mobility users 1) RWE E-Mobility estimate 2) ELMŰ estimate 3) Source: RWE, BCG, McKinsey, Roland Berger and Citigroup 4) Other estimates for Hungary project ~250 000 by 2020 EV: Electric Vehicle PHEV: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle including Range-Extender 7. OLDAL

On the long run E-Mobility can increase the efficiency of the Hungarian electricity system Interaction between vehicles and the grid can get more complex with a growing share of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles > Reduces mismatch between electricity demand and supply patterns (electricity buffering capacity) > Increases electricity grid stability and reliability by optimal charging behavior (standby / storage) Source: IFHT, RWTH Aachen based on ISI09 > Truly zero-emission can be reached by renewable energy supply Introduction and operation of E-Mobility related systems has to be properly planned so that benefits can be utilized in the future 8. OLDAL

Development of E-mobility might lead to significant investments in the energy sector In 2020, 60 000 E-cars in Hungary are driven 24 km/day by using 200 Wh/km and need a charging capacity of 3.68 kw each Results for an average household Electricity consumption: 2 500 kwh/a 4 250 kwh/a +70% Capacity needed: 4.6 kw 1) 8.3 kw +80% Results for the Hungarian electricity system Electricity consumption: ~105 GWh/a Capacity needed: ~220 MW 2) = = 3 of total Hungarian demand, but equals annual consumption of a company operating large shopping malls 1 block of Mátra PP or 1/2 block of Paks PP or 110 wind turbines E-car users and infrastructure providers have to co-operate 1) 20 A * 230 V = 4,6 kw 2) In case of all cars are plugged in at the same time 9. OLDAL

Development is supported by governmental tools in European and other countries France Stock target of 2 million PHEVs/EVs by 2020 up to EUR 5 000 tax credit per vehicle through 2012 for the first 100 000 vehicles (total budget: EUR 400 million) Denmark USD 6.6 million is provided for a test programme Exemption from vehicle purchase tax (105% or 180% of car value) and annual registration fee (USD 95-1 900) for EVs Japan PHEV/EV sales would represent 15-20% of total LDV sales by 2020 Per-vehicle subsidy of half of the price difference between EVs/PHEVs and a base, comparable ICE vehicle Spain Stock target of 2.5 million by 2020 Incentives up to 25% of EV cost, or EUR 6 000 per vehicle EUR 72 million are allocated in 2011 and EUR 160 million in 2012 Germany Stock target of 1 million electric cars by 2020 Plans for tax exemption, using bus lanes, free parking plots and + EUR 1 billion for R&D United Kingdom No official stock target, but 800 000 on road by 2020 has been mentioned in reports EV/PHEV purchase incentive of GBP 5 000 is set through 2012 Sweden Stock target of 600 000 for 2020 EUR 20 million worth of purchase incentives through 2014 China Stock target of five million EV/PHEVs by 2020 Subsidies of USD 9 100 per vehicle for EVs in pilot cities, with funds allocated through 2012 USA Stock target of 1 million by 2015 Up to USD 7 500 per vehicle, for the first 200 000 vehicles sold by a manufacturer More than USD 2 billion for battery and electric drive component manufacturing Also in Hungary there is a need for official stock target, financial support for cars / infrastructure as well as for introduction of other incentives (free parking, bus lanes). Source: International Energy Agency, Clean Energy Progress Report, 2011 10. OLDAL

Car manufacturers started to sell their E-cars on the Hungarian market as well Typical features Some cars already available in Hungary > 100-150 km range determined mainly on driving style > Consumption typically between 135 Wh/km and 250 Wh/km this is about 800 HUF/100 km (~2 GBP) > Batteries: 15-25 kwh mostly lithium based MV e-fiorino MV 500 E > Higher procurement price ~10 mhuf (25 000 GBP) > Lower O&M costs Citroen Berlingo Electric Citroen C-Zero > Easy to drive (electromotor) Mitsubishi i-miev Peugeot Ion 11. OLDAL

Several ELMŰ infrastructure solutions are already available in Hungary Easy-Box Smart-Box Simple solutions for private usage from December 2010 from October 2009 11 kw AC 22 kw AC 6-8 hours 3-4 hours Base-Station Combi-Station Complex solutions on public areas 1,5 m 2 m from August 2009 from September 2011 22/44 kw AC 22 kw AC; 50 kw DC 3-4 hours ~30 minutes 12. OLDAL

The very first step has been taken by ELMŰ solely in 2010 > The first public charging pole has been installed in September 2010 in front of ELMŰ Budapest office charging at this pole is free until the end of 2012 > Further 6 have been commissioned in 2011, charging is also free at these spots > ELMŰ bought 2 E-cars in 2010, they are used on a daily basis in the fleet > Soon ELMŰ will have a fleet of 5 E-cars the largest in Hungary 13. OLDAL

We are not alone any more the E-Mobility Network is officially established > Community of companies mutually determined to jointly test and promote electric mobility in Hungary Full Members Initiator Supporting Members > Provide electric road transportation on the midterm as a real alternative to traditional mobility > Based on the level of involvement: > Purchasing E-car > Installing charging infrastructure Strategic Partners Guests > Free electricity for charging purposes > Joint marketing communication > Experience exchange 14. OLDAL