Rational Suite Tutorial

Ratioal Suite Tutorial Product Versio Ratioal Suite 2000.02.10 Release Date April 2000 Part Number 800-023316-000 support@ratioal.com http://www.ratioal.com

IMPORTANT NOTICE Copyright Notice Copyright 1998, 1999, 2000 Ratioal Software Corporatio. All rights reserved. Trademarks Ratioal, the Ratioal logo, ClearCase, PureCoverage, PerformaceStudio, Purify, Quatify, Ratioal Rose, ad SoDA are trademarks or registered trademarks of Ratioal Software Corporatio i the Uited States ad i other coutries. All other ames are used for idetificatio purposes oly ad are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective compaies. FLEXlm ad GLOBEtrotter are trademarks or registered trademarks of GLOBEtrotter Software, Ic. Licesee shall ot icorporate ay Globetrotter software (FLEXlm libraries ad utilities) ito ay product or applicatio the primary purpose of which is software licese maagemet. Microsoft, MS, ActiveX, BackOffice, Developer Studio, Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual IterDev, Visual J++, Visual Studio, Wi32, Widows, ad Widows NT are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporatio. Ratioal Purify is licesed uder Su Microsystem s U.S. Pat. No 5,404,499. Oracle, Oracle7, ad Oracle 8 are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporatio. Sybase ad SQL Aywhere are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sybase Corporatio. U.S. Govermet Rights Use, duplicatio, or disclosure by the U.S. Govermet is subject to restrictios set forth i the applicable Ratioal Licese Agreemet ad i DFARS 227.7202-1(a) ad 227.7202-3(a) (1995), DFARS 252.227-7013(c)(1)(ii) (Oct 1988), FAR 12.212(a) 1995, FAR 52.227-19, or FAR 52.227-14, as applicable. Patet U.S. Patet Nos. 5,193,180 ad 5,335,344 ad 5,535,329 ad 5,835,701. Additioal patets pedig. Warraty Disclaimer This documet ad its associated software may be used as stated i the uderlyig licese agreemet, ad, except as explicitly stated otherwise i such licese agreemet, Ratioal Software Corporatio expressly disclaims all other warraties, express or implied, with respect to the media ad software product ad its documetatio, icludig without limitatio, the warraties of merchatability or fitess for a particular purpose or arisig from a course of dealig, usage or trade practice.

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL Cotets Preface 1 Welcome to Ratioal Suite Priciples of Software Developmet........................ 15 Ratioal Suite Ca Help................................. 18 What s i Ratioal Suite?................................ 18 Tools that Uify Your Team............................. 18 Tools for Aalysts.................................... 19 Tools for Developers.................................. 19 Tools for Test Egieers............................... 21 Ratioal Suite Eterprise............................... 23 For More Iformatio................................... 23 2 About this Tutorial Prerequisites.......................................... 25 Determiig Which Ratioal Suite Tools Are Istalled.......... 25 Istallig the Tutorial Sample Applicatio ad Related Files..... 26 Tip: Resettig the Tutorial.............................. 26 Registerig the Repository............................. 26 Attachig the ClearQuest Database to the Repository........ 27 About the Work You Will Do.............................. 28 Tutorial Backgroud.................................. 28 A Note about the Applicatio............................ 29 Orderig CDs....................................... 29 Fiishig the Purchase................................ 29 Discoverig What to Build.............................. 30 iii

How to Use this Tutorial................................. 31 What s Next.......................................... 31 3 Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process Audiece............................................. 33 Gettig Your Bearigs.................................. 33 What Is the Ratioal Uified Process?...................... 33 The Uified Process ad Ratioal Suite................... 34 Learig the Mechaics................................. 34 The Process at a Glace................................ 35 Key Cocepts......................................... 36 Explorig the Workflow.................................. 38 Startig with Actors ad Use Cases........................ 39 Tool Metors: Implemetig the Process Usig Ratioal Tools... 40 Learig about Developig for the Web..................... 41 Summary............................................ 41 For More Iformatio.................................. 41 Cleaig Up......................................... 41 What You Leared i this Uit........................... 41 What s Next......................................... 42 4 Creatig Requiremets Audiece............................................. 43 Gettig Your Bearigs.................................. 43 Opeig the ClassicsCD Web Shop Project................ 44 Why Worry About Requiremets?......................... 44 Where Do Requiremets Come From?.................... 44 Maagig Requiremets............................... 45 RequisitePro........................................ 45 Startig with a Use Case................................ 45 Why Work with Use Cases?............................ 46 How Does it Work?................................... 47 How Does RequisitePro Hadle Requiremets?............ 47 iv Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Cotiuig Use Case Work: Usig Rose....................47 Startig Rose........................................47 Creatig a Use Case i Rose............................48 Associatig the Rose Model with the RequisitePro Project.......50 Creatig a New Requiremet.............................50 Lookig at Requiremets i the Database...................51 Likig to Aother Requiremet...........................52 Traceability Liks ad Suspect Liks......................53 Other Requiremet Types................................54 Whe Have You Fiished Gatherig Requiremets?...........54 Exteded Help.........................................54 Summary.............................................55 For More Iformatio..................................55 Cleaig Up.........................................55 What You Leared i this Uit...........................56 What s Next.........................................56 5 Test Plaig Audiece.............................................57 Gettig Your Bearigs...................................57 Opeig the ClassicsCD Web Shop Project................58 What Is Test Plaig?..................................58 Risk Maagemet....................................59 Test Plaig ad the Tutorial...........................59 Workig with Test Requiremets..........................59 Explorig Test Requiremets............................59 Desigig Tests........................................61 Startig with the Use Case..............................61 Creatig Test Cases..................................62 Cotiuig with Test Plaig.............................62 Risks ad Resources..................................63 Types of Tests.......................................63 Schedulig..........................................63 Cotets v

Summary............................................ 64 For More Iformatio.................................. 64 Cleaig Up......................................... 64 What You Leared i this Uit........................... 65 What s Next......................................... 65 6 Modelig the Ehacemet Audiece............................................. 67 Gettig Your Bearigs.................................. 67 What Is Visual Modelig?................................ 68 Visual Modelig ad the Tutorial......................... 68 Workig with a Sequece Diagram........................ 69 Opeig a Sequece Diagram.......................... 69 Addig Messages for the Ehacemet................... 72 Publishig Part of the Model to the Web.................... 73 After Completig the Sequece Diagram.................... 74 Refiig the Objects.................................. 75 Implemetig the Code................................ 75 Modelig Data....................................... 76 Summary............................................ 76 For More Iformatio.................................. 76 Cleaig Up......................................... 77 What You Leared i this Uit........................... 77 What s Next......................................... 77 7 Creatig a Use Case Report Audiece............................................. 79 Gettig Your Bearigs.................................. 79 What Is SoDA?........................................ 80 Why Create a Use Case Report?.......................... 80 Creatig the Use Case Report............................ 80 Workig with SoDA Templates............................ 82 vi Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Summary.............................................82 For More Iformatio..................................82 Cleaig Up.........................................82 What You Leared i this Uit...........................82 What s Next.........................................82 8 Reliability Testig Audiece.............................................83 Reliability Testig Tools.................................83 What Is TestFactory?...................................83 Overview of Process..................................84 Istrumetig the Applicatio............................84 Mappig the Applicatio................................84 Ruig a Pilot.......................................85 Test Suites: Puttig It All Together........................85 Usig TestFactory with Ratioal Robot....................86 Additioal Testig Tools.................................86 Ratioal Purify.......................................86 Ratioal PureCoverage................................88 Ratioal Quatify.....................................89 Summary.............................................90 For More Iformatio..................................90 What You Leared i this Uit...........................90 What s Next.........................................90 9 Fuctioal Testig Audiece.............................................91 Gettig Your Bearigs...................................91 What Is Fuctioal Testig?..............................92 Start with Requiremets................................92 Creatig a Script.......................................92 Determiig Which Script to Work O.....................92 Plaig the Script....................................93 Cotets vii

Recordig the Script.................................... 95 Scripts ad Modularity................................. 95 Startig ad Preparig Robot........................... 95 Is Iteret Explorer Istalled?........................... 96 Gettig to a Startig Poit.............................. 96 Startig to Record the Show Ship Date Script.............. 97 Creatig a Verificatio Poit............................ 97 Fiishig the Recordig Sessio......................... 99 Addig the Show Ship Date Script to a Shell Script......... 100 Playig Back the Script O a New Build.................... 101 Aalyzig the Results.................................. 101 Hadlig a Itetioal Chage........................ 102 Hadlig a Real Error................................ 102 Reportig the Error.................................. 103 Summary........................................... 104 For More Iformatio................................. 104 Cleaig Up........................................ 105 What You Leared i this Uit.......................... 105 What s Next........................................ 105 10 Plaig the Next Iteratio Audiece............................................ 107 Gettig Your Bearigs................................. 107 Assessig the State of your Project....................... 108 Showig the Workload............................... 108 Assigig a Ehacemet Request.................... 109 Other Plaig Activities............................... 110 What Will Happe i the Next Iteratio?.................... 110 Cofiguratio Maagemet............................. 111 viii Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Summary............................................111 For More Iformatio.................................111 Cleaig Up........................................112 What You Leared i this Uit..........................112 What You Leared i this Tutorial.......................112 What s Next........................................112 Glossary Idex Cotets ix

x Ratioal Suite Tutorial

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL Preface This tutorial teaches you the basics of usig Ratioal Suite to pla, desig, implemet, ad test applicatios. It also poits you to additioal iformatio so that you ca lear more o your ow. Ratioal Suite delivers a comprehesive set of itegrated tools that embody software egieerig best practices ad spa the etire software developmet life cycle. Ratioal Suite s uparalleled level of itegratio improves commuicatio both withi teams ad across team boudaries, reducig developmet time ad improvig software quality. Audiece Read this tutorial if you: Are a member of a developmet team a aalyst, developer, test egieer, or maager Have experiece with some aspect of Widows applicatio developmet You do ot eed prior experiece with ay Ratioal tools to use this tutorial. Other Resources Olie Help is available for Ratioal Suite. From a Suite tool, select a optio from the Help meu. All mauals are available olie, either i HTML or PDF format. The olie mauals are o the Ratioal Solutios for Widows Olie Documetatio CD. If you istall Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio RealTime Editio, PDF versios of the mauals for Rose RealTime are istalled i %ROSERT_HOME%\help. For more iformatio o traiig opportuities, see the Ratioal Uiversity Web site: http://www.ratioal.com/uiversity. 11

Ratioal Suite Documetatio Roadmap 12 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Cotactig Ratioal Techical Publicatios To sed feedback about documetatio for Ratioal products, please sed e-mail to our techical publicatios departmet at techpubs@ratioal.com. Cotactig Ratioal Techical Support If you have questios about istallig, usig, or maitaiig this product, cotact Ratioal Techical Support as follows: Ratioal Techical Support Iformatio Locatio Cotact Iformatio Notes U.S. ad Caada 800-433-5444 781-676-2450 support@ratioal.com Europe +31 (0) 20 4546 200 support@europe.ratioal.com Whe sedig e-mail: Specify the product ame i the subject lie, for example, Ratioal Suite. For existig issues, iclude your case ID i the subject lie. Asia Pacific +61-2-9419-0111 support@apac.ratioal.com World Wide Web http://www.ratioal.com Click the Techical Support lik. Preface 13

14 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL Welcome to Ratioal Suite Does your orgaizatio focus o developig ad deliverig software? If so, thik about your last project. Was it o time? Withi its budget? Was commuicatio amog team members clear ad timely? Did your team maitai cosistecy throughout the project as it defied requiremets, developed desigs, ad wrote code? Was your build process repeatable? Did your software meet requiremets, satisfy users, ad perform reliably? May project teams experiece problems i these areas. I fact, may software projects fiish late (or ot at all), ad the result ofte does t match the requiremets. May projects ucover serious desig flaws late i the process. Defects are ofte foud after the software ships, istead of durig developmet. How ca you make your ext project more successful? Priciples of Software Developmet Ratioal Software Corporatio, the e-developmet compay, helps orgaizatios develop ad deploy software for e-busiess, e-ifrastructure, ad e-devices through a combiatio of tools, services ad software egieerig best practices. Ratioal's e-developmet solutio helps orgaizatios overcome the e-software paradox by acceleratig time to market while improvig quality. Ratioal helps you icrease your productivity ad effectiveess by focusig o these software developmet priciples: 15

Develop software iteratively. Iterative developmet meas aalyzig, desigig, ad implemetig icremetal subsets of the system over the course of a project. Early i a project, ew executable files reduce project risk. As the project proceeds, later executable files are more robust or cotai more features tha previous executable files. Each ew iteratio moves you closer to the goal of deliverig a product that meets its requiremets. Developig iteratively helps make your project more predictable, lets you collect feedback early, helps you idetify ad elimiate risks early i the project, ad makes testig cotiuous throughout the project lifecycle. Maage requiremets. A requiremet is oe criterio for your project s success. Your project s requiremets aswer questios such as What do customers wat? ad What ew features must we absolutely ship i the ext versio? Most project teams work with requiremets. O smaller, less formal projects, requiremets might be kept i text files or e-mail messages. Other projects may use more formal ways of recordig ad maitaiig requiremets. Whe you maage requiremets, you ca uderstad how chaged requiremets affect your project. You ca effectively commuicate requiremets to all team members ad to stake holders. Effective requiremets maagemet helps your orgaizatio esure that its products meet their stated goals. Use compoet-based architectures. Software architecture is the fudametal framework o which you costruct a software project. Whe you defie a architecture, you desig a system s structural elemets ad their behavior, ad you decide how these elemets fit ito progressively larger subsystems. A compoet is a o-trivial, idepedet, ad replaceable part of a system that combies data ad fuctios to fulfill a clear purpose. You ca build compoets from scratch, reuse compoets you previously built, or eve purchase compoets from other compaies. Desigig a compoet-based architecture eables you to improve your project s predictability ad helps ehace maitaiability ad extesibility. 16 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Model software visually. Visual modelig helps you maage software complexity. At its simplest, visual modelig meas creatig a graphical blueprit of your system s architecture. From this visual represetatio of your architecture, you ca quickly detect problems such as icosistecies ad lack of modularity. With a visual model, you have a powerful ad uambiguous commuicatio mechaism that your whole team ca use. Visual models help you improve commuicatios across your etire team. They help you detect icosistecies amog requiremets, desigs, ad implemetatios. They also help you evaluate your system s architecture, esurig soud desig. Verify your software s quality. Verifyig software meas testig what s bee built agaist writte requiremets. This icludes testig that the system delivers required fuctioality ad verifyig reliability ad performace. A importat beefit of iterative developmet is that you ca begi testig early i the developmet process. Testig every iteratio allows you to discover problems early i the developmet cycle ad to expose icosistecies amog requiremets, desigs, ad implemetatios. Cotrol chages to your software. It is importat to maage chages to requiremets ad code i a trackable, repeatable, predictable way. Chage maagemet icludes trackig ad hadlig chage requests; facilitatig parallel work; ad creatig processes for reliably reproducig software builds. Maagig chages to your project facilitates clear commuicatio. It helps you cotrol chage propagatio, ad defie ad repeat developmet processes. Welcome to Ratioal Suite 17

Ratioal Suite Ca Help To put these priciples to work, Ratioal Software offers Ratioal Suite, a family of market-leadig software developmet tools supported by Ratioal Uified Process. These tools facilitate work throughout a project s lifecycle. Ratioal Suite packages the tools ad the process ito several editios, each of which is tailored for specific practitioers o your developmet team aalysts, developers, ad testers. Aloe, these tools have helped orgaizatios aroud the world successfully create software. Itegrated together, they: Uify your team by ehacig commuicatio. Optimize idividual productivity by providig marketleadig developmet tools packaged i Suite editios. Each editio is tailored for oe of the major roles o your team. Simplify adoptio by providig a comprehesive set of itegrated tools that have simplified istallatio, licesig, ad user support plas. What s i Ratioal Suite? Ratioal Suite provides sets of tools tailored for every member of your team. Each Suite editio cotais team-uifyig tools ad tools desiged for a specific practitioer. The followig sectios describe these tools ad the Suite editios. Tools that Uify Your Team Each editio of Ratioal Suite cotais the followig tools to facilitate team commuicatio ad productivity: Ratioal Uified Process. A olie collectio of software best practices that guide your team through software developmet. Provides guidelies, templates, ad Tool Metors (istructios for applyig the guidelies to specific Ratioal tools) for each phase of the developmet lifecycle. Ratioal RequisitePro. Helps you orgaize, prioritize, track, ad cotrol chagig project requiremets. Ratioal ClearQuest. Maages chage activity associated with software developmet, icludig ehacemet requests, defect reports, ad documetatio modificatios. 18 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Ratioal SoDA. Automatically geerates project documets by extractig iformatio from files you produce durig project developmet, icludig source code ad files produced by Ratioal tools. Formats the iformatio accordig to predefied templates. SoDA is itegrated with Microsoft Word for ease of use ad easy customizatio. Tools for Aalysts A aalyst s role is to: Represet the user s eeds to the developmet orgaizatio Determie what the system does Specify ad maage requiremets Ratioal Suite AalystStudio Ratioal Suite AalystStudio, the Ratioal Suite editio desiged for aalysts, cotais the team-uifyig tools (Ratioal Uified Process, RequisitePro, ClearQuest, ad SoDA) ad: Ratioal Rose (Modeler Editio). Eables visual modelig of architectures ad compoets usig the idustry-stadard Uified Modelig Laguage (UML). The UML is a laguage for specifyig, visualizig, costructig, ad documetig software systems. Tools for Developers A developer s role is to: Determie how the system works Defie architecture Create, modify, maage, ad test code Ratioal Suite provides two editios for developers: Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio ad Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio RealTime Editio. Welcome to Ratioal Suite 19

Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio, the Ratioal Suite editio desiged for system developers ad desigers, cotais the team-uifyig tools (Ratioal Uified Process, RequisitePro, ClearQuest, ad SoDA) ad: Ratioal Rose (Eterprise Editio). Eables visual modelig of architectures ad compoets usig the idustry-stadard Uified Modelig Laguage (UML). Automatically implemets the framework of your code i Java, C++, Microsoft Visual Basic, ad other popular laguages. Because it is tightly itegrated with Microsoft VisualStudio, its roud-trip egieerig feature lets you automate the process of maitaiig cosistecy betwee a model ad its implemetatio. Ratioal Purify. Pipoits ru-time errors ad memory leaks i Visual C++ applicatio code. Ratioal PureCoverage. Idetifies which parts of your Java, Visual C++, or Visual Basic program have ad have ot bee exercised. Exposes testig gaps so you ca prevet utested applicatio code from reachig your users. Ratioal Quatify. Profiles your Java, Visual C++, or Visual Basic applicatio to help you idetify performace bottleecks i your code. Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio RealTime Editio Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio RealTime Editio is the Ratioal Suite editio desiged for practitioers who focus o real-time ad embedded developmet. This Suite editio cotais all the tools i Ratioal Suite DevelopmetStudio but replaces Ratioal Rose with Ratioal Rose RealTime. Ratioal Rose RealTime. Delivers a powerful combiatio of otatio, processes, ad tools to meet the challeges of real-time developmet. Usig Rose RealTime, you ca: Create executable models, allowig you to compile ad observe simulatios of your UML desigs o the host or target platform. The result is that you ca refie your desig early ad you ca cotiually verify quality. 20 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Geerate complete, deployable executables i C or C++ directly from UML desig models targeted to real-time operatig systems. Geeratig these applicatios elimiates the eed for maual traslatio ad avoids costly desig iterpretatio errors. To lear more about Rose RealTime, see the olie tutorials available from the Rose RealTime Help meu. Tools for Test Egieers A test egieer s role is to: Esure that software meets all requiremets Create, maage, ad execute tests Report results ad verify fixes Ratioal Suite provides two editios for test egieers: Ratioal Suite TestStudio ad Ratioal Suite PerformaceStudio. Ratioal Suite TestStudio Ratioal Suite TestStudio, the Ratioal Suite editio desiged for test egieers, cotais the team-uifyig tools (Ratioal Uified Process, RequisitePro, ClearQuest, ad SoDA) ad: Ratioal Robot. Facilitates fuctioal testig by automatig record ad playback of test scripts. Allows you to write, orgaize, ad ru test suites, ad to capture ad aalyze the results. Ratioal TestFactory. Automates testig by combiig automatic test geeratio with source-code coverage aalysis. Tests a etire applicatio, icludig all GUI features ad all lies of source code. Ratioal Purify. Pipoits ru-time errors ad memory leaks i Visual C++ applicatio code. Ratioal PureCoverage. Idetifies which parts of your Java, Visual C++, or Visual Basic program have ad have ot bee exercised. Exposes testig gaps so you ca prevet utested applicatio code from reachig your users. Ratioal Quatify. Profiles your Java, Visual C++, or Visual Basic applicatio to help you idetify performace bottleecks i your code. Welcome to Ratioal Suite 21

Ratioal Suite PerformaceStudio Ratioal Suite PerformaceStudio is the Ratioal Suite editio desiged for test egieers who develop ad ru performace tests, ad for architects who wat to test their architectural desig early i the developmet process. PerformaceStudio cotais the team-uifyig tools (Ratioal Uified Process, RequisitePro, ClearQuest, ad SoDA), the tools i TestStudio (Robot, TestFactory, Purify, PureCoverage, ad Quatify) ad: Ratioal LoadTest. Helps you create real-world, multi-user performace tests for testig the performace ad reliability of e-busiess, multi-tier, ad database applicatios. Also helps you execute fuctioal tests faster by distributig those tests to multiple computers ad coordiatig the results. Ratioal PerformaceArchitect. Helps you test the performace of COM ad DCOM applicatios. With Ratioal PerformaceArchitect, you create Rose sequece or collaboratio diagrams, geerate virtual user scripts from your diagrams, ad the use PerformaceStudio to edit the script ad ru the performace tests. Ratioal Rose (Eterprise Editio). Eables visual modelig of architectures ad compoets usig the idustry-stadard Uified Modelig Laguage (UML). Automatically implemets the framework of your code i Java, C++, Microsoft Visual Basic, ad other popular laguages. Because it is tightly itegrated with Microsoft VisualStudio, its roud-trip egieerig feature lets you automate the process of maitaiig cosistecy betwee a model ad its implemetatio. To lear more about PerformaceStudio, see Gettig Started with Ratioal Suite PerformaceStudio. 22 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

For More Iformatio Ratioal Suite Eterprise O some projects, team members may perform may types of tasks. For example, o smaller projects, team members might perform more tha oe role. O larger projects, team members might move from task to task. It may therefore make sese to equip each team member of a orgaizatio with a full complemet of tools. Ratioal Suite Eterprise cotais all the tools i AalystStudio, DevelopmetStudio, ad TestStudio. So it ca accommodate the eeds of all members of your team. For more iformatio about Ratioal Suite ad the priciples of software developmet, see Itroducig Ratioal Suite. For more iformatio about the Uified Modelig Laguage, visit the UML Resource Ceter at: http://www.ratioal.com/uml This Web site cotais UML iformatio, tips about gettig started with UML, ad a bibliography for further readig. Welcome to Ratioal Suite 23

24 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL About this Tutorial This tutorial teaches you the basics of usig Ratioal Suite to pla, desig, implemet, ad test applicatios. It also poits you to additioal iformatio so that you ca lear more o your ow. Prerequisites Before cotiuig, make sure you have: A editio of Ratioal Suite istalled o your computer A valid licese for the software you ve istalled Determiig Which Ratioal Suite Tools Are Istalled Table 1, Ratioal Suite Tools, lists the Suite tools you will use i this tutorial. Table 1: Ratioal Suite Tools q Ratioal ClearQuest q Ratioal PureCoverage q Ratioal Purify q Ratioal Quatify q Ratioal RequisitePro q Ratioal Robot q Ratioal Rose q Ratioal SoDA for Word q Ratioal TestFactory q Ratioal Uified Process Exercise You may wat to mark this page so you ca refer back to it from later chapters. Place check marks i the table ext to the tools that are istalled o your system. To determie whether a tool is istalled, click the Start butto ad see whether the tool s ame is i the Programs > Ratioal Suite meu. 25

Some of these tools may ot be istalled o your computer. A tool may be excluded because of the Suite editio you bought. Someoe i your orgaizatio may have chose ot to istall other tools. Istallig the Tutorial Sample Applicatio ad Related Files Before you try the tutorial exercises, you eed to istall ad set up the files you will use. (The files are already o your system.) To istall the files: 1 Make sure you have 30 MB of free disk space. If you are usig Widows NT, make sure you have Admiistrator privileges so that you ca complete the setup successfully. 2 From the Start meu, choose Programs > Ratioal Suite > Ratioal Suite Tutorial > Setup. 3 Follow the istructios that appear o your scree. The files are istalled ito the directory c:\program Files\Ratioal\Classics Demo Tip: Resettig the Tutorial If you decide to restart the tutorial, reset the sample applicatio ad related files by ruig the istallatio procedure. For example, you might restart the tutorial to review material you ve already worked o. Registerig the Repository You use the Ratioal Admiistrator to group a set of projects associated with Ratioal Suite (for example, a RequisitePro database ad a Rose model). The Ratioal Suite termiology for such a group is a repository project. To register the repository project: 1 Start Ratioal Admiistrator by clickig Start ad choosig Programs > Ratioal Suite > Ratioal Admiistrator. 2 I the left pae of the Ratioal Admiistrator, right-click Repositories. From the shortcut meu, choose Register Existig Repository. 26 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Registerig the Repository 3 I the Register Existig Repository dialog box, browse to c:\program Files\Ratioal\Classics Demo\ClassicsRepo ad click OK. The Admiistrator adds the path uder the Repositories headig. 4 I the left pae of the Admiistrator, right-click the path you just added. From the shortcut meu, choose Coect. Coectig to the Repository 5 I the Ratioal Repository Logi dialog box, use the default values (User ID is admi; Password is blak). Click OK. You have ow registered ad coected to the repository you will work with durig the tutorial. Keep the Ratioal Admiistrator ope for the ext task. Attachig the ClearQuest Database to the Repository I this tutorial, you work with a ClearQuest database that cotais the tutorial project s chage requests (defects ad ehacemet requests). Attach this database to the repository you just registered: 1 Check whether Ratioal ClearQuest is istalled o your system by referrig to Table 1, Ratioal Suite Tools, o page 25. If it is istalled, the you ca proceed with this sectio s istructios. If it is ot istalled, you caot use ClearQuest durig this tutorial. 2 From the Ratioal Admiistrator meu, choose Tools > Ratioal ClearQuest Maiteace Tool to display a ClearQuest wizard that helps with setup tasks. About this Tutorial 27

3 O the wizard s first page, uder Setup schema repository, use the default optio, Coect to Existig schema repository. Click Next. 4 O the Coect to A Existig Schema Repository page: Make sure the value i the Vedor field is MS_ACCESS. I the Physical Database Name box, browse to c:\program Files\Ratioal\Classics Demo\ClassicsRepo\ ChageRequests\CQMaster.MDB Click Next. 5 O the Save Curret Settig for Later Use page, make sure that Save currets settigs as Default is cleared. Click Fiish. 6 Review messages to cofirm that you have coected the ClearQuest database to the repository. Click Doe. 7 Quit the Ratioal Admiistrator. About the Work You Will Do I this tutorial, you implemet a small part of a large developmet project. Usig Ratioal tools ad process, you develop requiremets, create a visual model, code, ad test. This book guides you to the sectios that are most appropriate for you ad your role i your ow orgaizatio. Tutorial Backgroud I this tutorial, you work for Classics Ic., a growig chai of retail stores that sells classical music CDs. Your orgaizatio is workig o Versio 2 of ClassicsCD.com, a olie store where you ca buy classical music CDs. Your team uses Ratioal Suite. Durig the tutorial, you add oe ew feature to ClassicsCD.com. 28 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

A Note about the Applicatio I a real olie store, Web pages would load dyamically, based o iformatio stored i databases. The applicatio you work with durig the tutorial cotais static Web pages. These pages do ot chage i respose to user iput. I a typical project, you would create a prototype usig static pages ad later chage to usig dyamic pages. Orderig CDs Start by becomig familiar with ClassicsCD.com Exercise Start Classics ad order two CDs: 1 Start the applicatio: click Start ad choose Programs > Ratioal Suite > Ratioal Suite Tutorial > Classics CD Build 0. Your Web browser displays the first page of ClassicsCD.com. 2 O the home page, click Explore our storefrot. 3 O the storefrot page, click Catalog. 4 Scroll to the Mozart sectio (composers are listed alphabetically) ad click Mozart: Symphoie Nr. 34 to view details of that album. 5 O the album s page, click the shoppig cart to add the album to your order. The catalog page reappears. 6 At the top of the page, click the shoppig cart ext to Bach: Bradeburg Cocertos 1 + 3. Fiishig the Purchase Exercise Now complete the purchase ad provide feedback to Classics Ic. 1 I the left colum of the page, click Shoppig Cart (you may eed to scroll to see it). 2 O the left colum of the Shoppig Cart page, click Cashier. Before you ca complete the order, you eed to log i. 3 I both the CustomerID ad Password fields, type jmoore ad click Submit. About this Tutorial 29

Notice that the Cashier page summarizes your order but does ot tell you whe the order will ship. 4 Scroll to the bottom of the page ad click Place Order. 5 Provide feedback to the compay by clickig Your Feedback at the bottom of the page. 6 O the feedback form, uder Dear ClassicsCD.com, type Whe I place a order, I wat to kow whe my order will ship. Uder My e-mail, type jmoore@clicker.com. Click Sed. 7 Whe you have fiished, quit ClassicsCD.com. Discoverig What to Build I this tutorial, you will implemet the ehacemet you requested. Someoe i marketig received your feedback ad etered it ito ClearQuest, the tool that maages chage requests. I Chapter 10, Plaig the Next Iteratio, you work with ClearQuest. 30 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

How to Use this Tutorial You ca work through the etire tutorial to uderstad how Ratioal Suite fits ito your developmet eviromet. Or you ca work through oly those uits most appropriate to your role. Table 2, Tutorial Roadmap, presets our recommedatios. Table 2: Tutorial Roadmap Role Your Mai Tasks Recommeded Tutorial Uits Aalyst Represet the user Determie what the system does Specify ad maage requiremets 1 2 3 4 7 10 Welcome to Ratioal Suite About this Tutorial Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process Creatig Requiremets Creatig a Use Case Report Plaig the Next Iteratio Developer Determie how the system works Defie architecture Create, modify, ad maage code 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 10 Welcome to Ratioal Suite About this Tutorial Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process Creatig Requiremets Modelig the Ehacemet Creatig a Use Case Report Reliability Testig Plaig the Next Iteratio Test Egieer Esure requiremets are met Create, maage, ad execute tests Report results ad verify fixes 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 Welcome to Ratioal Suite About this Tutorial Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process Creatig Requiremets Test Plaig Creatig a Use Case Report Reliability Testig Fuctioal Testig Plaig the Next Iteratio What s Next The ext uit itroduces you to the Ratioal Uified Process. You use this process to lear about work you will do i later uits. Let s get started! About this Tutorial 31

32 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process This uit itroduces you to the Ratioal Uified Process. I this uit, you familiarize yourself with the Uified Process ad read guidelies for the work you will perform i the ext uit. Audiece This uit applies to all members of a software developmet team. Gettig Your Bearigs I this uit, you use the Ratioal Uified Process. Refer to the tool chart you filled out (Table 1, Ratioal Suite Tools, o page 25) to determie whether the Uified Process is istalled o your system. If the Uified Process is ot istalled, you ca still beefit from readig this uit, but you will ot be able to perform the exercises. If the Uified Process is istalled, start it ow by clickig the Start butto ad the choosig Programs > Ratioal Suite > Ratioal Uified Process. What Is the Ratioal Uified Process? The Ratioal Uified Process is a software egieerig process that helps you: Produce high-quality software Meet the eeds of your ed users Work withi a predictable schedule ad budget The Uified Process serves as a persoal ad team-cetered guide through best practices for cotrolled, iterative software developmet. May orgaizatios worldwide have successfully used it for both small- ad large-scale developmet efforts. 33

Learig the Mechaics The Uified Process is implemeted as a olie guide ad kowledge base, which you view with a Web browser. The Uified Process ad Ratioal Suite The Ratioal Uified Process ca help you ad your team work more effectively. We recommed that you adopt all or part of it to support your developmet efforts. You ca, of course, successfully use Ratioal Suite without adoptig ay of the process. (You ca also use Ratioal Uified Process with projects that do ot use Ratioal Suite or its compoet tools.) Eve if you do ot follow the Uified Process, you ca use it as a source of iformatio about software egieerig. For example, it cotais topics to help you better uderstad Uified Modelig Laguage (UML) cocepts. This tutorial follows Uified Process guidelies. The Uified Process guides you through the full software developmet lifecycle: project maagemet, busiess modelig, requiremets maagemet, aalysis ad desig, implemetatio, testig, deploymet, cofiguratio maagemet, ad eviromet maagemet. Exercise From the Gettig Started widow, you ca avigate to pages cotaiig tips about the mechaics of usig the Uified Process. You ca also fid pages that provide startig poits for learig about the process itself. 1 O the Gettig Started widow, click Browsig the Process. Your Web browser displays the page, Navigatio Tools, which cotais a layout of the Uified Process. 2 Familiarize yourself with the user iterface by movig your mouse over the picture ad readig the tool tips that are displayed. 3 Optioally, retur to the Gettig Started widow ad read about other aspects of the Uified Process. 4 Leave your Web browser ope. 34 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

The Process at a Glace The first page of the Uified Process presets a rich visual represetatio that ca help you better uderstad the Uified Process. Exercise Retur to the first page: 1 I your Web browser, click Overview i the upper left corer of the tree browser. Returig to the Overview Page The overview of the Uified Process appears. This diagram represets empirical data collected by Ratioal Software. It shows that software developmet is best performed i a series of iteratios. Ratioal Uified Process Overview Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process 35

Over time, your software project will require differet types of focus ad resources. Notice, for example, that most of the work associated with requiremets happes early i the developmet cycle, but cotiues throughout a project. Testig, however, ca start early i the project, but typically becomes most itese at the ed of costructio. Key Cocepts The Ratioal Uified Process provides a quick summary of its most importat compoets. Exercise Read about the key cocepts of the Uified Process. 1 I the tree browser, expad Overview by clickig the + to its left. 2 Uder Overview, click Key Cocepts. (From ow o, we ll abbreviate these two steps as follows: Navigate to Overview > Key Cocepts. ) A ew Web page appears. The diagram at the top of the page shows the relatioships amog Ratioal Uified Process cocepts. 3 Uder the diagram, scroll to the first sectio, Software Egieerig Process, ad read it for a quick summary of the Uified Process. 4 Cotiue readig to lear about other key cocepts i the Process. To summarize, the Ratioal Uified Process defies the followig importat cocepts: A worker defies the behavior ad resposibilities of a idividual or a team of idividuals. Oe perso may act as may workers over the course of a project. A worker is resposible for a set of artifacts. A artifact is somethig a worker produces as the result of performig a activity. I the Uified Process, the artifacts produced i oe activity are ofte used as iput ito other activities. A artifact ca be small or large, simple or complex, formal or iformal. Examples of artifacts are: a test pla, a visio documet, a model of a system s architecture, a script that automates builds, or applicatio code. A activity is a uit of work that a worker performs. It is a set of ordered steps, like a recipe, for creatig a artifact. 36 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Relatioship betwee a Worker, its Activities, ad Artifacts A workflow is the sequece of activities that workers perform toward a commo goal. The followig diagram shows a portio of the Requiremets workflow. Excerpt of Requiremets Workflow A workflow diagram serves as a high-level map for a set of related activities. The arrows betwee activities represet the typical flow of order betwee activities. You do ot have to adhere to the prescribed path. You ca always jump to activities that are ot coected by arrows. You ca also repeat a activity wheever you eed to (for example, if more iformatio becomes available). Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process 37

Explorig the Workflow Exercise Display the workflow diagram for Requiremets: 1 I the tree browser, avigate to Core Workflows > Requiremets to display the Requiremets workflow diagram. Durig this tutorial, you work o refiig the existig applicatio, ClassicsCD.com. Ratioal Uified Process provides guidace o how to ehace a existig system. 2 O the diagram, scroll to the bottom of the diagram ad click Refie the System Defiitio to display workflow details. The workflow detail shows the workers ivolved, the artifacts used as iput, the resultig artifacts, ad the activities that make up this part of the workflow. For more iformatio about ay of these elemets, click i that area of the diagram. Workflow Detail: Refie the System Defiitio (excerpt) 38 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Startig with Actors ad Use Cases Whe you desig or ehace a system, the Uified Process recommeds that members of your team start by agreeig o the system s high-level behavior. To do so, you idetify actors ad use cases. Exercise Actors are the etities that iteract with your system. A actor is usually a perso (for example, a ed-user or admiistrator). It ca also be a exteral hardware or software system, for example, a cash register or warehouse system. Use cases describe how a actor uses ad iteracts with the system. More formally, a use case describes what services a system provides to a certai actor. You defie a use case by describig a complete sequece of actios that yields observable results of value to a actor. Use cases are a key cocept i the Uified Process. They ehace commuicatio across your team ad help you commuicate clearly with your users. Lear more about workig with use cases. 1 O the Refie the System Defiitio workflow, click Detail a Use Case. The Uified Process displays a page describig how to write a use case. It icludes details about the artifacts that you ll eed to get started ad the artifacts that result from the activity. It the provides a step-by-step descriptio of the activity. 2 Say you wat to lear more about use cases, ot just about how to write them. I the Resultig Artifacts sectio ear the top of the page, click Use Cases, completely described. This ew page provides a good overview of use cases, icludig a descriptio of how they re used, a outlie, ad resposible parties. Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process 39

Near the top of the page, there s a lik to a use case template. We recommed that you use this template, or aother template desiged by your group, to esure cosistecy ad completeess. This makes it easy for all stakeholders to locate ad uderstad importat project iformatio. 3 Click your browser s Back butto to retur to the Detail a Use Case page. 4 At this poit, you might wat to uderstad where you are i the Uified Process hierarchy. I the mai widow, click Where am I. The tree browser updates itself to show your curret locatio Workers ad Activities > Aalysts > Use-Case Specifier > Detail a Use Case. Tool Metors: Implemetig the Process Usig Ratioal Tools The Uified Process provides guidelies for all phases of software developmet. This sectio shows how the Uified Process uses Tool Metors to provide step-by-step istructios for implemetig Uified Process practices with Ratioal tools. To illustrate, we show you the istructios for the work we will do i the ext uit: defiig use cases. Exercise Read a Tool Metor to see how the Uified Process itegrates with Ratioal tools. 1 I the Uified Process, o the Detail a Use Case page, fid the Tool Metors sectio i the table ear the top of the page. 2 Click Usig Ratioal RequisitePro to Detail a Use Case. The Tool Metor starts with a statemet of purpose ad a overview, followed by a series of detailed steps. 3 I the overview, scroll to ad click Step 3, Mark requiremets i the Detailed Use-Case Specificatio. Sca through the istructios; you will perform a subset of these steps i the ext uit. 40 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

Learig about Developig for the Web The Ratioal Uified Process provides guidace for performig certai kids of work, icludig the kid of work you will do with ClassicsCD.com. Exercise Read about developig for the Web. 1 I the Uified Process, avigate to Overview > Roadmaps > Developig e-busiess Solutios. 2 Sca the guidelies to lear more about each phase of the developmet process. Summary For More Iformatio To lear more about the Ratioal Uified Process, read the topics o the Gettig Started page. (To retur to the Gettig Started page, click Gettig Started o ay Uified Process page.) Cleaig Up Whe you have fiished usig the Ratioal Uified Process, close it ad the Gettig Started widow. What You Leared i this Uit I this uit, you leared: The Ratioal Uified Process cotais best practices for software developmet. I Ratioal Suite, the Uified Process is recommeded but optioal. A workflow describes a set of related activities focused o meetig a goal. For each activity, a worker uses artifacts created i previous activities ad produces other artifacts. Early i the requiremets phase, you defie actors (users ad exteral systems that iteract with your system) ad use cases (services that the system provides to actors). Tool Metors provide explicit istructios for performig a Uified Process activity usig the appropriate Ratioal tool. Learig About the Ratioal Uified Process 41

What s Next I the ext uit, you work o the use case for the ehacemet request to ClassicsCD.com, Arrage Shipmet. 42 Ratioal Suite Tutorial

RATIONAL SUITE TUTORIAL Creatig Requiremets I this uit, you use Ratioal Rose ad RequisitePro to create a use case for the ehacemet you are implemetig. Audiece Gettig Your Bearigs This uit applies most directly to aalysts, but is relevat for all team members. I this uit, you use RequisitePro ad Rose. Refer to the tool chart you filled out (Table 1, Ratioal Suite Tools, o page 25) to determie whether RequisitePro ad Rose are istalled o your system. If they are ot istalled, you ca still beefit from readig this uit, but you will ot be able to perform the exercises. If they are istalled, start RequisitePro ow as follows (you ope Rose later i this uit): Click the Start butto ad choose Programs > Ratioal Suite > Ratioal RequisitePro. The RequisitePro Tool Palette ad Let s Go RequisitePro appear. Click Close o the Let s Go RequisitePro widow. The RequisitePro Tool Palette 43

Opeig the ClassicsCD Web Shop Project 1 O the RequisitePro Tool Palette, click Project > Ope. 2 I the Select a Project area, click Add. 3 I the Add Project dialog box, avigate to c:\program Files\Ratioal\Classics Demo\ClassicsRepo\ Project\ClassicsCDW\requisite\Requisite.RQS 4 Click Ope. The dialog box ow lists the ClassicsCD Web Shop project. The ext time you start RequisitePro, the project will be i the list ad you will ot have to add it agai. 5 Select ClassicsCD Web Shop ad click OK. 6 If you see the Project Logo dialog box, choose or type Pat ad click OK. The RequisitePro Tool Palette displays messages about its progress. Oce the project opes, the Tool Palette s status bar displays the message Ready. You are ow ready to work with the project. Why Worry About Requiremets? Oe defiitio of project success is that the product you deliver meets its requiremets. The formal defiitio of a requiremet is a coditio or capability to which the system must coform. More iformally, a requiremet describes a feature or behavior that a system must have. Where Do Requiremets Come From? As a aalyst, your job starts with gatherig the eeds of everyoe who has a iterest i your project your stakeholders. To gather eeds, you iterview users ad other stakeholders, read ehacemet requests, ad work with project team members. You ext determie which eeds should become project requiremets. 44 Ratioal Suite Tutorial