II. Merchandise trade Merchandise trade increased by 5 per cent in volume in 211. The strongest momentum was achieved by trade in manufactured goods, which grew by.5 per cent. Key developments in 211: a snapshot Trade data List of tables 59 1. Overview 1 2. Agricultural products 3. Fuels and mining products 77. Manufactures 82 5 59 Where to find more online: you can access and download the Excel files for the tables via II MERCHANDISE TRADE International Trade Statistics 212 9
Europe s exports of manufactured goods reach nearly US$ 5 trillion Merchandise exports by region and product 211 (US$ billion) Europe North America 9 251 1,99 822 7,977 Africa 11 382 Central & South America & the Caribbean 59 198 323 2 15% increase in Europe s exports of manufactured goods in 211 Table A1 5 International Trade Statistics 212
Commonwealth of Independent States Middle East 21 32 18 59 521 87 Asia 7 382,285 Asia s exports of manufactured goods increased by 15 per cent in 211, but the share of manufactured goods in the region s total exports fell from 79 per cent to 77 per cent. Exports of fuels and mining products increased by 3 per cent (reaching a share of 13 per cent). Exports of fuels and mining products from the Middle East, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Africa increased by per cent, 37 per cent and 15 per cent respectively in 211. The relatively slower growth in exports of fuels and mining products from Africa is due to the Libyan crisis in 211 which has curtailed crude oil production and exports. South and Central America s exports of agricultural products expanded by 25 per cent in 211, partly reflecting the 2 per cent increase in prices. II MERCHANDISE TRADE Manufactures Fuels and mining products Agricultural products All fi gures are in US$ billion share of fuels and mining products in Africa s % total exports in 211 International Trade Statistics 212 51
Fuels and mining products record low growth in volume World exports of agricultural and manufactured products expanded by per cent and.5 per cent respectively in volume terms in 211. The low rate of growth for fuels and mining products (1.5 per cent) in volume terms in 211 is linked to the significant increase in prices, similar to the situation in 28. Volume of world merchandise exports by product group, 2-211 2 3 13 21-1 2.5% increase in export volume of manufactured goods in 211 22 23 2 25 2 2 3 3 8 11 11 1.5% increase in export volume of fuels and mining products in 211 27 28 29 21 211-15 -5-2 2 1 2 1 3 5 5 8 8 18-15 -1-5 5 1 15 2 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FUELS AND MINING PRODUCTS Table A1 MANUFACTURES 52 International Trade Statistics 212
High energy prices boost share of fuels in merchandise exports The strongest growth in the value of merchandise exports in 211 was recorded by fuels, which increased by 37 per cent, followed by agricultural raw materials (2 per cent) and ores and other minerals (25 per cent). Most of these increases are due to the strong growth in commodity prices in 211. The share of manufactured products in merchandise exports declined to 5 per cent in 211 from 75 per cent in 2. Within the manufactured goods sector, the strongest growth was recorded by non-pharmaceutical chemicals, automotive products and clothing, which grew by 2 per cent, 17 per cent and 17 per cent respectively. Exports of integrated circuits and of electronic data processing and office equipment posted the lowest growth in 211 (1.9 per cent and 1.3 per cent respectively) following an impressive rebound from the crisis in 21. World merchandise exports by product group, 211 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 Fuels 3,171 Non-pharmaceutical chemicals Food Automotive products Telecommunications products Electronic data processing and office Iron and steel 33 553 527 1,5 1,35 1,287 US$ 1,5 bn world exports of non-pharmaceutical chemicals in 211 II MERCHANDISE TRADE Pharmaceuticals 98 Integrated circuits and electronic Clothing Ores and minerals Non-ferrous metals Raw materials Personal and household goods Textiles 9 31 28 9 3 31 29 +7 percentage points increase in the share of fuels in world exports from 2 to 211 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 VALUE Table II.1 International Trade Statistics 212 53
Strong growth in agricultural exports boosted by high prices World exports of agricultural products increased by 21 per cent in 211 to US$ 1,59 billion. This was partly due to increases in the prices of food and agricultural raw materials, which posted record growth of 2 per cent and 23 per cent respectively. The top ten exporters of agricultural products in 211 each recorded growth rates of 15 per cent or more. India s exports increased by an astounding 9 per cent. World food exports accounted for 82 per cent of agricultural exports in 211, expanding by 21 per cent to US$ 1,35 billion. Major exporters of agricultural products, 211 1 2 3 5 7 EU27 529. 97. United States 131.3 37 US$ 131 bn US exports of food in 211 Brazil China Canada 77. 9.1 5.2 1. 3. 1.5 9% increase in India s exports of agricultural products in 211 Indonesia Thailand Argentina Malaysia India 32.9 15.3 31.5 1.1.2 1. 31.7 7.2 27.1 7.2 1 2 3 5 7 VALUE (FOOD) VALUE (NON-FOOD) Table II.15 5 International Trade Statistics 212
China overtakes Japan as third-largest importer of fuel The European Union s imports of fuels and mining products increased by 32 per cent in 211 to US$ 1.3 trillion. Europe supplied per cent of the EU s imports while the CIS, Africa and the Middle East provided 29 per cent, 12 per cent and 1 per cent respectively. The United States imports of fuels increased by 28 per cent to US$ billion but this still falls short of the pre-crisis value of US$ 52 billion in 28. China is the second-largest importer after the European Union of mining products. Its imports increased by 29 per cent in 211 to US$ 2 billion, while those of the European Union increased by 2 per cent to US$ 3 billion. Major importers of fuels and mining products, 211 2 8 1 12 1 EU27 992.2 271.9 United States.2 58.8 China Japan Korea, Rep. of India 275.7 2.5 27.2 8.9 173.7. 157.7 25. US$ 2 bn China s imports of mining products in 211 II MERCHANDISE TRADE Singapore Chinese Taipei Turkey 119.3.7 3.1 21.7 5. 28. 31% share of EU in world fuel imports in 211 Canada 53.1 15.5 1 2 3 5 7 VALUE (FUELS) VALUE (MINING PRODUCTS) (FUELS AND MINING PRODUCTS) Table II.27 International Trade Statistics 212 55
EU dominates world exports of automotive products More than half (51 per cent) of world exports of automotive products originate from the European Union. EU exports increased by 21 per cent in 211, exceeding the world average of 17 per cent. The Republic of Korea overtook Mexico as the fourth-largest exporter of automotive products in 211. Exports of automotive products stagnated in Japan as a result of a massive earthquake and contracted by 2 per cent in Thailand due to flooding. Major exporters of automotive products, 211 1 2 3 5 7 EU27 59. Japan 15.5 51% share of EU exports in world exports of automotive products United States Korea, Rep. of Mexico Canada 119.3 9.2 7.7 53.9 3% increase in China s exports of automotive products in 211 China Thailand Turkey Brazil 37.5 18.3 15.7 1. -5 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 VALUE Table II.59 5 International Trade Statistics 212
Growth slows in exports of office and telecom equipment World exports of office and telecom equipment increased by a modest per cent in 211. Their share in total world exports dropped to 9 per cent from 11 per cent in 21. Five out of the ten top exporters of office and telecom equipment recorded a decline in exports. Chinese Taipei moved from eighth to sixth position. China s share in world exports of electronic data processing (EDP) and office equipment increased to 39 per cent in 211 from 5 per cent in 2. In the same period, its share in world exports of telecom equipment increased to 33 per cent from 7 per cent. Major exporters of office and telecom equipment, 211 1 2 3 5 China 218.5 28.7 9. EU27 133. 179.2 5.9 Hong Kong (China) United States Singapore Chinese Taipei 27.7 12. 83.5 11.1 19.7 5. 5.2.8.3 9. 71.5 8. Decrease in Japanese exports of office and telecom equipment in 211 -% II MERCHANDISE TRADE Korea, Rep. of Japan Malaysia Mexico -8. -. -. -2. 2. 12.1 38. 5.2 19.9 22.2.8 17.9 13.3 35.1 18.7 38.5 2... 8. 1. 12. 39% China s share in world exports of EDP and office equipment in 211 VALUE (EDP AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT) (OFFICE AND TELECOM EQUIPMENT) VALUE (TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT) VALUE (INTEGRATED CIRCUITS) Table II.2 International Trade Statistics 212 57
Clothing exports register strongest growth since 2 World exports of textiles and clothing grew by 17 per cent in 211. The top ten exporters each registered 13 per cent growth or more. Bangladesh recorded the highest increase (27 per cent) while the lowest among the top ten was recorded by the United States with 13 per cent. The order for the top ten exporters remains the same as in 21. China was the leading exporter of textiles and clothing in 211 with a 32 per cent share in world exports of textiles and 37 per cent in clothing. The European Union and the United States are the major markets for clothing, accounting for 5 per cent and 21 per cent respectively of world imports. Major exporters of textiles & clothing, 211 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 China 9. 153.8 EU27 7. 11. 2% increase in China s exports of textiles and clothing in 211 US$ 7 bn world exports of textiles and clothing in 211 India Turkey Bangladesh United States Viet Nam Korea, Rep. of Pakistan Indonesia 15. 1. 1.8 13.9 1. 19.9 13.8 5.2 3.8 13.2 12. 1.8 9.1..8 8. 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 VALUE (TEXTILES) VALUE (CLOTHING) Tables II. and II.9 58 International Trade Statistics 212