Waste Management in Berlin

Waste Management in Berlin Part One Michael Resch

Europe a continent with city-specific and very widely differenciated Waste Management Systems P, P, P+P or PPP? Dumper, Pyromaniac, Separator, Waste and Recycling Manager and / or Urban Miner? 2 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Generation of Waste in Germany 1999-2012 405.062 406.663 395.222 381.262 366.412 339.368 331.876 340.899 351.111 344.602 322.293 332.693 342.774 333.598 199.5m tons 58.2% 58.4m tons 17.0% 34.7m tons 10.1% 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Municipal Siedlungsabfälle solid waste (MSW) Construction Bau- und and Abbruchabfälle demolition Waste Waste Abfälle from waste aus Behandlungsanlagen treatment plants (secondary (Sekundärabfälle) waste) Other waste (especially Abfälle from manufacturing aus Gewinnung industry und and Behandlung trade) von Bodenschätzen Waste from mining übrige Abfälle (insbes. aus Produktion und Gewerbe) MSW (only) makes up 15 % of the total amount of waste and has changed insignificantly since 1999. In the same period the population declined slightly by 1.9%. 3 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013 Source: Federal Statistical Office, 2014

Berlin: amount and composition of MSW 1,2 (2012) Total: ~ 1,5 Mill. t plastics / lightweightpackaging other green waste 3 bio waste from bin collection glass paper & cardboard bulky waste from households mixed waste from households street litter & grid other mixed waste 1) Source: Berlin Waste Balance 2012 (http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/umwelt/abfall/bilanzen/2012/bilanz2012.pdf 2.) complemented data based on BSR- Entsorgungsbilanz 2012 3) e.g. leaf sacs, loose foliage from street cleaning, christmas trees 4 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Even within Germany Citizens are provided with cityspecific and widely differenciated collection systems grey bins for MSW sizes: 60, 80, 90, 120, 240 360, 500, 550, 660, 770, 1.100 l brown or green bins for biological / organic waste sizes 60, 80, 120, 240 and 1.100 l blue bins for paper or cardboard sizes 240 l or 1.100 l) yellow bins or sacs for lightweight packaging (metals, plastics, paper, composites such as milk or juice cartons, plastic bottles or cans) 5 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Collecting Waste and Recyclables in Berlin 15 Recycling & Reuse Center Bio Waste Lightweight Packaging Bulky Waste Residual Waste Glass Paper & Cardboard Unterground Systems 6 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Berlin facts and figures On an area of 890 km² (larger than Munich, Frankfurt and Stuttgart combined)...... live ~ 3.5 million inhabitants...... and each year produce about 80,000 tons of street waste... in ~ 2 million homes (more than 400,000 distributed waste containers)... who each year produce about ~ 1.3 million tons of urban waste... and ~ 160,000 dogs... walk and drive on ~ 136 km² of public space (such as streets, airports)...... with an increasing number of tourists (more than 22 million overnight stays per year)... ~ 350.000 trees (> 102.000 m 3 of leaves) 8 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

15 Recycling and reuse centres Recycling saves precious resources 9 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR: type of company and mandate Berlin Stadtreinigung (BSR) is commissioned to perform the responsibilities of the State of Berlin in matters of Refuse collection Waste treatment Street cleaning, snow removal and gritting Under the legal form of a public law institution the BSR is at 100% owned by the State of Berlin. BSR is organized like a public limited company since 1994. When fulfilling the responsibilities of public administration, BSR is financing its tasks through fees. In this case the generation of profits is strictly ruled out. BSR is allowed also to operate commercially e.g. via subsidiaries. Activities shall be complementary to the public responsibilities. 10 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR - Development of Turnovers and Employees 700 9.341 Turnover (in EUR millions) Full-time employees (including trainees) 10.000 9.000 600 638 8.000 500 7.000 6.000 400 5.000 300 4.000 200 3.000 2.000 100 1.000 1994 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 1 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1) TASI/AbfAblV coming into effect from 1 June 05 11 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR: Associated Companies Berlin Recycling GmbH (100% BSR) gbav GmbH (51% BSR) BRAL GmbH (50% BSR) Collection and transport of paper, cardboard, glass and mixed urban waste from private households and the commercial sector Special container service for commercial waste Recycling of waste and recyclables Processing of hazardous waste 285 employees Treatment of street waste, construction / demolition waste and contaminated soil Cleaning of mineral waste Waste disposal management and project support 21 employees Collection and disposal of catering and food waste Recycling of old refrigeration units and electronic scrap 47 employees 12 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

In July 2000 BSR and the State of Berlin concluded a Target Agreement Citizens as well as the Employees had great Benefits Berlin Citizens: Lowering of charges for cleaning and waste management by 10% until 2003 Future guarantee of low charges and rate stability Guarantee of a high quality of service; enhancement of customer focus Employees: Assurance of labour agreement, no termination of employment for operational reasons; applicable to all employees of BSR who were employees before Oct, 1 2006 Safeguarding the tasks of BSR and thus jobs in the long term State of Berlin (Owner): Contribution to the budget consolidation through a one-off payment to the State of Berlin amounting to approx. 412 Mio. Safeguarding the future through enhancement of efficiency and thus the competitive capacity The State of Berlin continues ownership 13 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

During the last years, BSR has undergone a successful and continuing transformation process 1992 Fusion of the two city cleaning services of East and West Berlin 2001 2012 Efficiency Enhancement Programmes I-IV (3 years each) Total cost reduction: approx. EUR 181 Mio. Total reduction of human resources: approx. 2,750 full-time positions 1992 1994 2000 2001 2006 2012 2014 1994 Transformation of the legal organisational form from owneroperated municipal enterprise to a public legal entity 2000 Conclusion of Target Agreement between BSR and the State of Berlin i.a. a one-off payment to the State of Berlin amounting to approx. EUR 412 Mio. 2006 Strategy Update 14 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR - The fundamental pillars of our strategy The City of Berlin is intrusting us furtheron with the sole responsibility to the collection, treatment and disposal of waste as well as street cleaning and winter road maintenance Guaranteeing low charges and rate stability Development and improvement of the environmental profile Guaranteeing high quality of performance Meeting the standards of social responsibility for all employees and the State of Berlin 15 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

The Use of innovative Vehicle Technology as significant Contribution to environmental Protection Utilisation of 135 natural gas powered waste collection vehicles and operation of 3 own natural gas fuelling stations Utilisation of biomethane gas produced by BSR as fuel for waste collection vehicles Test of hybrid and fuel cell powered engines Test of electric battery powered cars and coachworks including charging infrastructure Investment in low-noise vehicles Consideration of ecological criteria in contract award process In 2012 95% of the BSRs vehicle fleet met the requirements of emission class Euro III or better and 43% even met the strict targets of Euro V or EEV. 16 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Ecological objectives and measures related to sustainability are controlled systematically Publication of a Sustainability Report in 2009 and 2012 Regular additional reports on the use of energy, ressources and climate ( ecological balance) Annual Declaration of Conformity to the German Sustainability Code (DNK) Participation in the German Council for Sustainable Development Continuing activities for maintaining and keeping the CEEP-CSR-Label Agreement on Climate Protection between the BSR and the Government of Land of Berlin in 2007 and follow-up in 2011 Responsibilities have been combined in a special department 17 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

From 1999 to 2009 BSR has reduced the direct CO 2 Emissions by about 500,000 Tons per Year 657,000 Landfill gas capture and utilisation at all three landfills 421,000 no further depositing of waste Generate substitute fuel in MPS plants Landfill gas capture and utilisation in Schwanebeck Optimisation of real estate and vehicle fleet Real estate and vehicle fleet 67,000 Base Year 1999 2003 2009 [Figures in tons of CO 2 ] 18 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Until 2015 the direct CO 2 Emissions will be reduced by a further 120,000 Tons per Year The following reduction targets were identified in the 2nd cooperation agreement with the State of Berlin: 67,000 2015 Reduction of emissions on landfills and old waste deposits Introduction of the Orange Box in Berlin 2009-37,000 In consideration of all processes, BSR will save more CO 2 by 2015 than will be emitted during all operations Replacement investment in waste incineration plant Ruhleben Generating biogas Optimisation of regulation Green IT [Figures in tons of CO 2 ] 19 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR: social responsibility Social incentive activities / projects for orientation and preparation for traineeship Further training and continuing education Health and social counselling, prevention, occupational safety Supporting charitable organizations for children and adolescents Supporting the children and youth work of sports clubs and organizations offers for industrial and commercial training Employment of staff with disabilities 20 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Berlin: safe disposal mostly through own facilities 22 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

BSR biogas plant Access Receiving hall Dehydration Preparation hall Plant Digester Scales Access Aerification Biofilter Biofilter 23 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

ERIN - Maintenance Investments at Waste Incineration Plant Ruhleben during operation from 2008 to 2012 With the implementation of TASi (Landfill prohibition) the incineration of waste became a even more important part of the waste disposal guarantee ERIN - Maintenance Investments at the Waste to Energy Plant Ruhleben approx. EUR 150 millon Construction Site ERIN 24 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Berlin: treatment / recycling of recyclables Glass Different Glass Sorting Plants: Veolia Sorting Plant Tönsmeier Sorting Plant Rhenus Sorting Plant Assignment results of Dual System Contracting Paper, Cardboard Different Sorting Plants: WUB* ALBA Lightweight Packaging (LVP) / Plastics ALBA LVP Sorting Plant Mahlsdorf Assignment results of Dual System Contracting Bulky Waste BSR Bulky Waste Treatment Plant * indirect participation of BSR via Berlin Recycling (partnership with Remondis) 25 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013

Thank you! 26 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013