IDEA CATALOGUE. Municipality to municipality cooperation between Viborg Municipality and Greater Irbid Municipality. The Arab Initiative Programme

Transcription

1 Municipality to municipality cooperation between Viborg Municipality and Greater Irbid Municipality The Arab Initiative Programme IDEA CATALOGUE 1 st Version- July 2012 Preamble: This 1 st Version is prepared by Viborg Municipality. The 1 st Version report was discussed during Viborg Municipality next visit to Irbid September 2012.

2 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 2 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July 2012 LIST OF CONTENT 1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMNS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY BACKGROUND IDEA CATALOGUE CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS... 23

3 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 3 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July 2012 ANNEXES 1. Map of Irbid. 2. Map/Pictures of possible area for Compost facility. 3. List of different wastetypes incuding the tons per year. All the annexs has to be attached by Irbid Municipality

4 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 4 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMNS GIM VM HZW ILP MGW MSW MTGW PIP Greater Irbid Municipality. Viborg Municipality. Hazardous Waste. Information / Learning Plan. Municipal Green Waste. Municipal Solid Waste Mechanical treatment of Green Waste. Project Implementation Plan.

5 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 5 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Write 1-2 pages when the rest of the report is finished. The summary should follow the list of content in the report Objective of this report Main groups of ideas identified Conclusions and recommendations Next step - how to proceed

6 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 6 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July BACKGROUND As part of the Danish support to decentralisation and good governance in Jordan under the overall Arab Initiative Programme, Local Government Denmark, LGDK, has been contracted by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs to facilitate municipal cooperation between 2x2 Jordanian and Danish Municipalities. The selected municipalities are for the Danish part Viborg Municipality and Høje-Taastrup Municipality having Greater Irbid Municipality (GIM) and Al- Karak Municipality in Jordan respectively as their partners. This report only focuses on the specific cooperation between Viborg Municipality, Denmark and Greater Irbid Municipality, Jordan in the waste area. The cooperation started in July 2012 and will be implemented over a period of month. The overall objective: As the current situation with unforeseen growth has created clearly urban environmental problems in Irbid, the overall objective is: To improve the environmental waste situation in Irbid Municipality (GIM). This done partly by promoting the transformation of waste handling by adoption of the present waste handlings systems used in Viborg Municipality, Denmark. Partly by promoting a future society in which the municipality as well as the consumers possess an understanding and ownership of the necessity and benefits of a waste handling system in which waste (in generic terms) is relatively reduced or reused. Project Objectives In order to pursue the overall objective there has been defined two project objectives: 1. To assist GIM in introducing a waste handling plan (CE) by preparing a Final Strategic Plan aiming at carrying out a sustainable development,

7 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 7 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July 2012 inspired by the transfer of European municipal best practise planning methods for an optimized waste handling. 2. To assist GIM in implementing short-term recommendations from the strategic plan into two 1, 2 ore more Demonstration Projects. The rationales behind objective 1: Before taking upon any implementation of a different kind of waste handling systems it is important to understand the waste pyramid and citizens influence on it. Therefore it is most important to implement a strategy for awareness and ownership to support the implementing of different waste handlings systems. Phases and main activities The project has two main phases and their underlying major activities (and outputs): Phase 1: 1. Registration (fact finding) 2. Discussion of problems and solutions (idea catalogue) 3. Preparation/finalising of Strategic Plan (report) Phase 2 Demonstration Projects 4. Feasibility studies for demo projects (reports) 5. Implementation of demo projects 6. Development and implementation of Support Systems (reports) 7. Monitoring and Evaluation (report) This Idea Catalogue The objective of the Idea Catalogue is to summarise all the ideas discussed for a successful development and implementation of waste handling system in Greater Irbid Municipality. The ideas discussed and recorded in the Idea Catalogue will be used in the following activity 3 - preparation of the Strategic Plan.

8 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 8 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July IDEA CATALOGUE The objective of the Idea Catalogue is to summarise all the ideas discussed for successfully development and implementation of the Information and Waste handling system in GIM. The outputs of the discussions are presented in a table in which; The ideas discussed are listed in the ROWS following the chapters in the Registration Report, and The problems identified, solutions discussed and the consequences are described in the COLUMNS. The table has come into being on the basis of the present situation as described in the Registration Report, and is prepared as a brainstorm with no comparative consideration to the costs of implementing the ideas. This assessment will take place in the next step (activity) preparation of the Strategic Plan. Short introduction to the Idea Catalogue table: ROWS: 1. Present Institutional set up. 2. Technical set up. (Including support systems) 3. Support systems. COLUMNS The problems, Described in the table may not be problems today or ever, but the project teams consider that the problems can occur, and that the possible problems therefore should be solved somehow and at best before the problems actually happen. The short term solutions, Are what can be done to avoid or to solve the problems immediately.

9 Municipality to Municipality: Viborg Municipality - Greater Irbid Municipality Page 9 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July 2012 The long term solutions, are what can be done to avoid the problems in a long term, or what can be done after the short term solutions have been carried out to solve the problem immediately. They are often more expensive than the short term solutions, but are on the other hand often more sustainable solutions. The environmental and financial consequences, are basically descriptions of what happens if the advices or solutions are followed. The consequences are partly in environmental and economic/financial consequences.

10 Page 10 of 23 Table 1: Present Institutional Set-up 1 Legislation and Regulations 1.1 A There is no economical Green taxes incentive to behave environmentally correct. 1. Present Institutional Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economically/financially Introduce green taxes which will make the price for acting environmentally correct cheaper than to acting environmentally incorrect. E.g. - Tax on waste consumption will make people buy water saving washing machines also effect on sewage water treatment - Tax on lead containing gasoline will make people buy lead free gasoline - Tax on single use plastic bags will make people reduce the consumption Etc. Put the collected taxes or some of it into a capital fund and use the money for incentive schemes and research and development in environmental issues. This system can be developed in an ongoing process. It is important that the citizens can see that the taxes are used for environmentally purpose. The green taxes make people think economically and therefore the consumption is moved to greener products. E.g. in Denmark green taxes have reduced consumption of plastic bags with more than 60%, lead containing gasoline is reduced with more than 95%, water consumption is reduced with 40%. If the taxes are used for environmentally purposes, the effect is doubled! E.g. purpose could be the development of recycling industries. Green taxes are good to the state finances but the taxes should be used for environmentally purposes, so that the citizens can see a purpose of the taxes. As it will reduce consumption of non-green products it will affect some industries, but it will probably increase consumption of green products.

11 Page 11 of B Regulations about HZW, solid waste, environmental issues Not enough local regulations about waste, environmental issues etc. 1. Present Institutional Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economically/financially The regulations should contain obligations to all concerned (local government, industries and inhabitants) and information on what is the consequence is if the obligations are not observed. 1.2 Planning 1.2 A Integrated waste planning in Irbid It is important that recycling is seen in a wider context also. Meaning that it is integrated with waste management planning in the Irbid area (all Northern Region/Jordan for some fractions) Is taking place already regarding some fractions, though there seems not to be any planning/regulation to HZW from industries. (Oil, batteries, chemicals etc.) 1.2 B Different systems for different parts of the city Establishing a certain waste collection and recycling system in one part of the city may not be efficient in another part (richer/poorer urban/suburban etc.) Waste collection planning is very crucial to make the systems efficient. The better the systems are planned for a district the more efficient they are.

12 Page 12 of Present Institutional Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economically/financially 1.2 C Coordinate planning procedures 1.3 Present Organisation 1.3 A Integrate waste management planning for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). It seems as if city planning, environmental planning and waste planning is not efficiently coordinated If waste management planning for MSW is not integrated with the planning for handling of Industrial Waste, maybe not all waste is planned for (means unauthorised disposal) and for sure the optimal solutions for collection, recycling and final disposal are not used 1.4 Present Organisation - management 1.4 A Even though there already is Consequent law enforcement some law enforcement, it seems as it is not practiced consequently. Be sure to record all waste fractions. Who is producing which types of waste; how much, where and when? (monitoring system) Make one department responsible for waste management including planning. Even though nobody wants waste facilities, a container etc. as a neighbour, integrated planning is a way to shorten the distance for transporting the waste.

13 Page 13 of B Make a catalogue of most polluting industries in GIM like the Danish list of most soil polluting industry types. 1.4 C Make a register of all existing recycling industries and supervise (help) them 1.4 D Supervise all minor industries how do they dispose of their waste 1.4 E Develop computerised registration system to map the waste flow Probably polluting industries in Irbid pollute as much as they have done in Europe But how to identify the polluters and make priorities? A lot of industries recycle waste. But some of them do it in a non environmentally way (out of control) often without knowing it is wrong or it could be done better and maybe also cheaper Often small scale industries can pollute more than big industries Need better registrations to plan future waste management 1. Present Institutional Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economically/financially

14 Page 14 of 23 Table 2: Present Technical Set-up 2. The Waste Producers 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially 2.2 The Waste Producers Private Households 2.2 A If the waste is mixed at the Source sorting source it is expensive and difficult to sort it afterwards. This results in too big waste amounts for mechanical sorting incineration and land filling. After mixing the waste in the households the waste is today often partly sorted by a caretaker. However, all recyclable waste fractions will then be soaked with soup, sauce, milk, fish remains etc. which reduce makes the quality of the recyclable waste and leads to more energy consumption as plastics and glass will have to be cleaned even more before recycling. Increase the waste fractions suitable for source sorting. E.g. kitchen waste Source sorting makes the waste better sorted, which increase the recycling percentages. Source sorting itself can be done almost for free for the local government, but it is necessary to establish a lot of local recycling stations or an efficient collecting system which are both expensive. The citizens and industries should be source sorting as much waste as possible.. Start with easy fractions

15 Page 15 of B Ownership to the waste is very important 2.2. C More small recycling stations at apartment/compounds/schools etc. 2.2 D Information on recycling station If waste is just collected from people (and industries) and with no responsibilities from their part, they don t care about the waste. It is too difficult to dispose recyclable waste from apartment buildings in a environmental correct way If information on recycling stations is not enough informative it will not urge to recycle the waste 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially like bottles, batteries, paper HZW etc. Learning and Information Learning and Information Learning and Information 2.2 E Source separate organic biological waste for compost production A lot of the organic household waste, garden waste could be used for compost production Start with easy fractions like waste from vegetable - marketplaces etc. Next step could be compounds, houses etc. Logistic on collection is important.

16 Page 16 of The Waste Producers. 2.3 A Source separate organic A lot of organic waste from biological waste for compost food processing industries, production kitchen waste, green market waste and biological supermarket waste, garden waste and agriculture waste could be used for compost production. 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially Compost facility. Learning and training in the composting process. (Already in progress) Start with easy fractions like waste from vegetable marketplaces etc. Learning and Information The waste collection, recycling and disposal system 2.4 The waste collection system 2.4 A Deposit system and/or producer fees on: Batteries, cans, glass bottles, plastic bottles, tyres etc. Need to increase amount for proper disposal and recycling When the consumers return it to the shop where it was bought or to the local recycling station (or others) they will get the deposit in return. Automats for different types of waste (batteries, bottles, cans etc.) - probably placed on a local recycling station/containers. When you put a recyclable AND coded product into the automat, you will get a receipt, which you can cash in a local supermarket or wherever. The automats should be able to receive non-coded When new deposit systems have been introduced in Europe, amounts for recycling have increased dramatically. E.g. the Danish deposit system for glass bottles secures that more than 90% of the bottles are reused. Recycling and reusing uses less energy than producing from raw materials. Coding products for deposit systems is expensive, and administrating the systems is expensive - but it seems that it is profitable in Europe. Automates are expensive to buy but cheap to run.

17 Page 17 of B Organised collection (especially HZW) 2.4 C Optimise waste collection where they have only small amounts 2.4 D Optimise MSW collection from MSW transfer stations Too little amounts of HZW is collected from private households because of the too far from consumers to collections places and the de facto non existing HZW collection at private households It is difficult to find good, cheap, easy and efficient solutions where the waste amounts are small 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially products there will be no receipt, but the product can be recycled. More HZW could be treated correctly. The pharmacists could receive outdated medicine, quicksilver thermometers and perhaps other chemicals, the supermarkets could have buckets for batteries etc. These solutions demands intensive information campaigns at the beginning, but it will soon become common knowledge. All residential areas should have containers with compressing system to optimise the waste collection. Also more HZW could be collected at a relative few places, meaning less pollution from trucks compared to a solution where HZW is collected at all the households. The pharmacists and the supermarkets will probably receive medicine and batteries for free, because of the synergy effect - When you come to deliver HZW, you maybe will buy something! Information campaigns are absolutely necessary in the beginning and expensive. It is a cheap way to collect relatively big amounts.

18 Page 18 of E Waste exchange arrangements 2.4 F Small recycling stations at apartment buildings should deliver their recyclable wastes at the MSW transfer stations 2.4 G Deliver containers for free for recyclable waste types to households and industries 2.4 H Hand out boxes for HZW to households and minor industries 2.4 I Optimize waste source reduction Sometimes people keep old hazardous products at home though it might as well be changed into something less hazardous for free just to secure that nothing will happen to the environment Collection of recyclable waste from small apartment buildings can probably be optimised. If there is no urge to sort out recyclable wastes lots of people will not do it Everybody needs to be reminded regularly that HZW should not be disposed of with MSW Increasing growth rate of MSW production 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially

19 Page 19 of Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially The waste collection, recycling and disposal system 2.5 The waste recycling system 2.5 A Possibility to return packaging to the shop where it was bought (German Dual-system) It is difficult to sort the waste correctly. Therefore the waste is often mixed. If the shops will have to take back the packing they will have to sort the waste and find ways to dispose it correctly. Start with one or two different sort of packing. 2.5 B Sort recyclable waste in more fractions to increase the economic benefits 2.5 C Establish a recycle solution with a good economy for the industries and let it become a success The less the waste is sorted the less is the price for the waste (resources). If there are no benefits in waste handling, waste handling is no success! Increase numbers of packing that the shops will have to take return. Making it easier to recycle packing will increase the amounts returned for recycling For GIM it is for free to establish the Dual-system, but it is expensive to the shops. The value of the recyclable waste could be partly paid back to the shops. 2.5 D Waste market 2.5 E Recycling of E-waste 2.5 F Recycling of construction There is no market where the industries can buy the other industries waste as a raw material Introduce industrial symbiosis E-waste recovery Plant Construction waste recovery plant.

20 Page 20 of 23 wastes 2. Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially The waste collection, recycling and disposal system 2.6 The waste disposal system The HZW pre-treatment station and Landfill 2.6 A Other ways to pre-treat the HZW before land filling 2.6 B Be sure that all HZW is disposed of correctly 2.6 C Utilization of hazardous waste The waste collection, recycling and disposal system 2.7 The waste disposal system Other options? 2.7 A It seems that there is no soil Cleaning contaminated soil cleaning system in Irbid Recycling of fluorescent lamps and lead content batteries 2.7 B Treat organic waste together with the sewage water 2.7 C Set up system for recycling of demolition waste Sorting out organic waste directly at the source is obviously more efficient than sorting the mixed waste. It seems that there is no recycling system for demolition waste in GIM! Install shredder (mill) in the kitchen sink sewage drain. This requires that the sewage water treatment plants also have secondary treatment, which is not the case today and which is expensive to establish.

21 Page 21 of Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially 3.8 Support Systems 3.8 A Environmental lessons at schools 3.8 B Information campaigns 3.8 C Web based games etc. 3.8 D Newsletters If there are no efficient environmental lessons at schools the basic knowledge about environmental issues will be missing later in life and will maybe seem annoying. People seems to know too little about waste handling and environmental issues Waste handling has to be fun for children. Waste producers, collectors & handling plants need to have regular information to stay focused. On short terms the environmental school lessons have to be so good, that the pupils will be able to teach their parents. Best age to start is between 6 and 8 years. People can have information from through flyers, radio, television, commercials on busses, colouring books, internet, mosques, etc. On long terms the pupils must have more environmental lessons from kindergarten to high school Books about environmental issues will have to be developed. Guest teachers are always a good idea: Let the staff from the GIM etc. teach part time in schools. Practical knowledge is always more interesting. Development of the campaigns mentioned in short terms Environmental lessons will give the people a reason to act environmentally correct and with good lessons they really will act. Better knowledge make people understand and act better The same teachers will probably be able to teach environmentally issues to the pupils so the expense is neutral. Guest teachers will be an extra expense and so will new books. Commercials are very expensive, but flyers are quite cheap.

22 Page 22 of Present Technical Set-up Short term Long term Environmentally Economic/financially

23 Page 23 of 23 Idea Catalogue 1 st Version- July CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions and Recommendations The idea catalogue table shows, that a lot of problems exist or can occur in the present waste management system. On the other hand it also proves that there are even more solutions to the problems. The task now will be to solve the worst case scenarios and to choose how to get the best possible solutions to the lowest possible cost. Furthermore it would be convenient to make a Waste Plan and Information Plan (5 to10 year s plan).this would include implementing the ideas, and the planning for waste handling in GIM by making a PIP-Plan ( Project Implementation plan). How to proceed Greater Irbid and Viborg Municipality will work together with the idea catalogue and point out the main possibilities for the future.