Operations and Supply Chain Management Career Paths and Patterns Employment trends and professional paths you can put to work A report produced by APICS The Association for Operations Management Advancing Productivity, Innovation, and Competitive Success
Operations and Supply Chain Management Career Paths and Patterns Employment trends and professional paths you can put to work Professionals use many resources to plan their next career moves, establish longterm professional goals, or get started in new disciplines. These range from peers and mentors to networking events, educational institutions, and professional associations: A successful career path is not developed independently. In the report, APICS The Association for Operations Management provides a collection of more than 6,000 operations and supply chain management professionals experiences, career directions, and educational achievements into one document to help you compare your path, consider your next steps, and establish milestones. Included in this report are data on operations and supply chain management professionals from a variety of job functions and career levels. Operations and Supply Chain Management Career Paths and Patterns provides information on length of time in each job role, education level and certification status, primary skills responsible for promotions, and more. For more information on how you can define, plan, and execute your career path, visit apics.org. A report produced by APICS The Association for Operations Management
2 In 2009, APICS developed and introduced new tools to help members manage their careers: APICS Supply Chain Competency Model, Operations Management Employment Outlook index, and the APICS Operations Management Body of Knowledge Framework industry and job role appendices. Each of these tools touched aspects of a career path, identifying the training, skills, and knowledge operations management professionals should develop to advance in the profession. However, a direct assessment of operations management professionals career paths had not been undertaken. In January 2010, APICS developed a survey to gain an overview of operations management professionals career paths. SURVEY Method APICS invited members and customers to participate in a survey about their operations management careers. Respondents reported their first, second, third, and current positions in supply chain and operations management fields as well as the factors that influenced their career trajectories. Respondents selected from supplied roles and hierarchies. They combined role and level selections to create the closest match to their job titles. Buyer/Planner Capacity Planner Demand Distribution Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain Supply Chain Analyst Warehousing Academic/Professor Consultant Other Level Assistant Associate Coordinator Director Manager Specialist Supervisor Other Following each job title, respondents selected the skills, traits, or accomplishments that were most responsible for each promotion. Additionally, respondents indicated which career tools, steps, or resources were most valuable to their operations management careers.
3 FINDINGS s More than 6,000 members and customers completed the survey. Supply chain, buyer/planner, and materials positions were the most common roles selected among respondents. Those who selected none of the above frequently held positions that support supply chain and operations management, such as transportation, systems engineering, and accounting roles. Figure 1 displays the total counts for respondents who have held each role as a first, second, third, or current position. Held at Any Point in Career Number of Respondents 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 Buyer/Planner Capacity Planner Demand Distribution Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain Supply Chain Analyst Warehouse Academic/Professor Consultant None of the above 0 885 1,291 1,328 1,615 1,432 1,806 1,855 1,689 1,696 1,670 2,076 2,469 2,789 3,215 Figure 1 Career paths The average respondent has held two to three operations management positions through 2010. Figures 2 and 3 display the counts for roles held at any point in respondents careers and roles maintained across respondents careers, respectively. The counts in Figure 3 compared to Figure 2 suggest that many respondents do not always stay in the same job roles across their careers; rather, their career paths include positions in different operations management roles.
4 Figure 2 indicates respondents who have held each job role in a first, second, third, or current position. Held at Any Point in Career Buyer/Planner 885 1,670 0 1,696 2,789 1,291 Capacity Planner Demand Distribution 1,689 3,215 1,328 1,615 1,432 Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain 2,076 2,469 1,855 1,806 Supply Chain Analyst Warehouse Academic/Professor Consultant None of the above Figure 2 Figure 3 indicates respondents who have held the same job role throughout their careers. Figure 3
5 Figure 4 displays the percentage of respondents working in operations management for less than one year by job role; the roles are their first positions in the industry. In most categories, approximately one-quarter of respondents are at the assistant or associate levels. Nearly half of respondents in each job role were unable to match their job level with the categories provided a limitation of this study. Supply chain and buyer/planner roles were most frequent among respondents starting their operations management careers. First Position, OM Professional <1 Yr 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 Buyer/Planner Capacity Planner Demand Distribution Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain Supply Chain Analyst Warehouse Academic/Professor Consultant None of the above Assistant Associate Coordinator Director Manager Specialist Supervisor None of these Figure 4 Figure 5 displays the first and current operations management positions held by respondents who have been employed in operations management roles for over 35 years. Two bars are associated with each job role listed along the y-axis. The top bar represents the first operations management position and the second bar represents the current position. Between the first and current position, respondents have advanced from primarily assistant and associate levels to management positions.
6 First, Current First & Current Position, OM Professional >35 Yrs Buyer/Planner Capacity Planner Demand Distribution Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain Supply Chain Analyst Warehouse Academic/Professor Consultant None of the above 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 Assistant Associate Coordinator Director Manager Specialist Supervisor None of these Figure 5 The career-path data suggests that operations management career paths are more complex than a linear advancement in one job role. Many operations management professionals gain work experience in multiple roles as they advance through management positions. Promotions Respondents reported promotions at one-to-two or three-to-five year intervals between their first, second, and third operations management positions. Interestingly, the average respondent has been employed at only one organization in his or her career to date; thus, for many respondents, this movement describes their paths at a single employer. Respondents indicated that the top five skills, traits, and accomplishments responsible for promotion are: General level of experience Track record of performance or accomplishments Demonstrated proficiency in a specific area High professional standards in all work areas maintained Commitment to the organization and the customer.
7 Most valuable career tools, steps, or resources Respondents selected the resources and career tools that were most valuable to their careers to date. Across job roles, respondents identified training/certification and developing personal career plans or goals as the most valuable means for advancement in their careers. The importance of training was underscored by over half of respondents who indicated that they received formal, structured training in their first operations management job. The highest-reported incidence of training was among respondents who held buyer/planner roles. Figure 6 depicts the different perspectives of most valuable among groups at different stages in their operations management careers. Developing career plans or goals are most valuable to respondents who are 15 years or less into their operations management careers. Among respondents with more experience, training/certification and networking have more value. Specifically, respondents with over 35 years in operations management identified training/certification, networking, and professional mentors as most valued. Tools, Steps, Resources Most Valuable to Career by Years as OM Professional 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 Developing career plans or goals Professional mentors Training/certification Networking Online career tools and services Less than 1 yr to 5 6 to 15 16 to 25 26 to 35 Greater than 35 Regularly engaging with professional recruiters Figure 6 Certification Achieving a certification was more common among respondents who had been in operations management for more than 15 years. Figures 7 and 8 compare certified and non-certified professionals segmented by years in operations management. As years in operations management increase, the percent of respondents who report holding an industry certification from APICS or other organizations increase.
8 Certified and Years as an OM Professional 16 4 15 27 38 Less than 1 yr to 5 6 to 15 16 to 25 26 to 35 Greater than 35 Figure 7 Non-Certified and Years as an OM Professional 7 1 19 31 Less than 1 yr to 5 6 to 15 16 to 25 26 to 35 Greater than 35 42 Figure 8
9 The survey respondents indicating that they hold a certification are more highly represented in management-level positions. Figure 9 displays certified and non-certified respondents by current job title. Two bars are associated with each job role listed along the y-axis. The first bar represents the job titles of certified respondents and the second bar represents the job titles of non-certified respondents. Certification Status & Current Position 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 Buyer/Planner Capacity Planner Demand Distribution Lean Operations Master Planning Master Scheduling Materials Purchasing Supply Chain Supply Chain Analyst Warehouse Academic/Professor Consultant None of the above Assistant Associate Coordinator Director Manager Specialist Supervisor None of these Figure 9 What these data mean The greatest lesson learned from this report is that there is not one easy path to career advancement. Professionals experienced the most advancement and career success through a combination of education, certification, and work experience for operations and supply chain management professionals. In the operations and supply chain management professions, dedication to one s career goals and hard work tend to lead to advancement. Career mobility is a trend for operations management and supply chain professionals. These data show that there is no set linear path or place in the supply chain for each job title. Many professionals shifted throughout the supply chain as their careers progressed. This demonstrates the importance of demonstrating knowledge and competencies throughout end-to-end supply chain. One way to accomplish this is through education and certification. While there is not a set path for operations management professionals, defining career goals; and obtaining training, education, and certifications are important milestones that help accelerate any career path.
10 About APICS The Association for Operations Management APICS The Association for Operations Management is the global leader and premier source of the body of knowledge in operations management, including production, inventory, supply chain, materials management, purchasing, and logistics. Since 1957, individuals and companies have relied on APICS for its superior training, internationally recognized certifications, comprehensive resources, and worldwide network of accomplished industry professionals. For more information, visit www.apics.org.
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