Tim Sisson - Trane HVAC OVERVIEW

Tim Sisson - Trane HVAC OVERVIEW

HVAC Systems System Types Acoustics Controls

Modernization more than one Down to the Studs Opportunity for new System Type Renovation Possible opportunity for new System Type IT + Systems Upgrades Information Technology Upgrade Lighting and Controls HVAC Replacement only Like for Like

HVAC System Types CHPS Design Manual System Types Evaluation Matrix Unitary versus Central Systems

System Types Unitary or Packaged Equipment Single Zone Constant Volume Single Zone VAV** Variable Air Volume Displacement Ventilation

System Types Central Systems Hydronic Heating and Cooling 4 Pipe 2 Pipe (Back to the Future) Centralized Heat Pumps Water Source & Ground Source Decentralization of Complex Components Refrigeration Compressors Centralization of Reliable Components Pumps and Fans

Modernization: System Change Typically existing central system is replaced with individual packaged unitary equipment. Why? 1 st Cost Perceived reliability District ability to maintain the HVAC System

Single Zone Constant Volume Most typical unit change out upgrade Adapter curb allows for intermixing of mfg. Standard connections?

Technology Variable Capacity Compressors 2-Stage Compressor Stage 1 = 67% Capacity Stage 2 = 100% Capacity System operates in low stage in part load conditions Enhanced temperature control

Packaged AC - Hi-Efficiency Fan Motors Electronically Commutated Motors (ECM TM, X13*) Permanent magnet, brushless, DC Motor Constant torque pressure independent fan operation Wide operating range Soft-start capability * ECM and X13 are trademarks of General Electric

Air Conditioning Units Energy Efficiency CA T-24 Minimum 13 SEER

Unit Options - Reduce Maintenance Cost Option Downflow Horizontal Hinged Access Panels Yes Yes Hail Guards Yes Yes Circuit Breakers Yes Yes Disconnects Yes Yes Phase Monitor Yes Yes Convenience Outlet Yes Yes Smoke Detectors Yes Yes Hot Gas Reheat* Yes* Yes* Factory installed economizer Yes Yes Hinged Access Doors Phase Monitor Hail Protection Disconnect Switch 115VAC Outlet

RTU - Supply Fan Energy Savings 15 SEER units have ECM Supply Fan Motors 100% 80% 60% 40% 67% San Diego 64% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Fresno 73% 69% 27% 20% 13 EER 15 EER 20% 0% 33% 24% 13 EER 15 EER 100% Livermore 80% 60% 61% 58% Compressor/Condenser Supply Fan * Modeled using TRACE TM Load Design Software 40% 20% 0% 39% 29% 13 EER 15 EER

Displacement Ventilation - Concept Energy Savings Improved Indoor Air Quality Acoustics Performance

Displacement Ventilation

Displacement Ventilation - Practice DV Rooftop Packaged HVAC Unit Classroom Diffusers

DV - Modernizations Barriers Ceiling Height - 9Ft. Minimum Diffuser location Existing Casework

Central Systems Modernizations: 2-pipe Systems

2 Pipe Systems Legacy System Limitations Entire System on for one classroom use No simultaneous heating & cooling Switchover lag Modernization Technology Upgrades Air Cooled Chillers with Scroll Compressors Integrated Pumping Packages Central Equipment Turndown Capabilities Direct Digital Controls Enhanced Boiler Performance Improved Building Envelope Rapid Switchover

Air Cooled Chillers - Industry Overview Increased Flexibility Reduce Cost Low + High Head Pumps Variable Speed Pumps Buffer Tank OLD NEW

Component Improvements Low Noise Condenser Fans Digital Controls Brazed Plate Evaporator Electronic Expansion Valve Scroll Compressors

Special Applications Partial Heat Recovery Up to 140F leaving water temperature Roughly 20% of heat recovered from cooling load Pre-heat for pre-heat of swimming pools, etc. ** Sanitary water: (need separate heat exchanger for potable water) Fan control for better heat recovery at part load and reduced ambient temperatures +

Acoustics - Impact on School Design Isolating the classroom Controlling room absorption Selecting HVAC equipment

HVAC Systems in Schools In-room l l l l unit ventilators* fan-coils* PTACs mini-splits *cabinet style Near-room l l l l unit ventilators* fan-coils* water-source heat pumps* single-zone rooftop units *concealed Central l l chillers with central air handlers large rooftop units

Near-room HVAC system source casing radiated + return airborne supply airborne receiver

Near-room HVAC system source return airborne receiver casing radiated supply airborne

Near-room HVAC system supply airborne casing radiated source return airborne receiver

Acoustics ANSI/ASA S12.60 limits can be met using Standard equipment from major HVAC companies Standard system components Industry accepted installation methods Successfully achieving sound goals requires Acoustical analysis of the desired system Modeling resources readily available Acoustical consultants available (NCAC, INCE, ASA) Commercially available tools (from Trane, ASHRAE) Reliable sound data for all system components AHRI-260, 350, and 270 sound power levels

Controls / Automation Interlocks Thermostats District-wide Facilities Automation

Door and Window Interlocks Door or Window Open Air Conditioning Unit Compressor Off!

Wireless Space Control Flexibility Reduced construction cost Robust communications 5+ year battery life Easy installation

Automation Architecture PC with Web Browser Ethernet WAN/LAN BACnet/IP RTU Controller BACnet MSTP B BACnet MSTP A RTU Multi-Purpose Controller VAVs Packaged RTU Unitary Controller VAVs

Controls / Automation Interoperability BACnet appears to now the standard Modernization: Controls / Automation Allows competitive bidding of controls All major equipment and control mfg Full system implementation IP District / Campus Level MSTP Building Level

Wired Communications Cooling Tower Control BACnet Comm. Interface VAV Controller Service Tool VAV Controller Zone Sensor Building Controller

Wireless Communications BACnet Comm. Interface Cooling Tower Control Service Tool Tracer TU with TU Adapter VAV Controller Zone Sensor Building Control

Wireless Communication Wireless Mesh Redundant, self healing networks Leading HVAC wireless solution Future Interoperability Latest ZigBee radios (2006 vs. Pro) Higher power radios Maximum range/reliability Factory installation Lower installed cost No-tools commissioning

Education Green Dashboard Customized software-as-a-service dashboard for K-12. Provides visualization of energy data and its effect on the environment with students and facilities staff at K-12 schools. Aids a curriculum to support classroom learning. Districts leverage their investment in their school buildings and infrastructure into the classroom learning Works with District automation to collect energy meter data

How does the Education Green Dashboard work? At Home Education Green Dashboard Dashboard Data Gateway Installed on School s PC or Server QAS Data Center Servers Touchscreen Kiosk with Internet Access Home Computers with Internet Access BACnet Control System School Lobby School Computers with Internet Access Classroom Meter

Student Dashboard

HVAC - Modernizations Questions?