Why? Greatest challenges of mankind!

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1 for of e t a d p - an u y r e n i f e r o i b the tus a t s t n pme o l e v e the d al t e n i d or N s r e d An te t i s r e v i n Umeå U E T P C

2 Why? Greatest challenges of mankind! Klimatet Oljegapet

3 Biomass one of the solutions - but in gigantic scale!

4 China knows and acts (oil gap),! loaded with coal - CTL"

5 Large scale CTL Systems Now!

6 A 500 MW Siemens Gasifier to China 5 installed in operation, 8 under construction, large numbers to be! E T P C

7 Entrained Flow Gasifiers + Industrially well proven (coal) + High Efficiency + High gas quality + Cost-efficient (6) (Texaco) (76) (52) Chemrec PEBG, ETC MEA (15-) Uhde

8 Market development Installed and Predicted Capacity 420 Gasifiers MWth 44% Chemicals 30% FT-Diesel 18 % Power

9 Simply Green Coal!!!

10 Torrefaction!!

11 Swedish Torrefaction Program ( ) Academic Results! Publications - 12 Conf. Proceedings - 12 Sci. Papers - 20 Technical reports! Thesis Production - Seven MSc - 3 lic - One PhD thesis Industrial Results! Innovative Technical Solutions! 3-5 products (processes)! Plants Pilot plants (Feb 2012) - One IDU/Demo Plant! -One Swedish actor -One Global actor from S/SF! Commercialization agreement Development agreement! Extensive network E T P C

12 Pilot (20 kg/h) since 2009 Totally 3 years Spruce Eucalyptus Forest residues Reed Canary grass. E T P C

13 A few of the results obtained 25 minutes 16 minutes 8 minutes

14 Some of the results obtained Atomic H:C ratio x Atomic O:C ratio

15 Some of the results obtained

16 Torrefied and densified - 10 tests, all successful.. E T P C

17 Consumed Energy of Production Raw Spruce Spruce Severe TF Drying from 50% to 10% 0% 0% Eucalyptus 300/16.5 Drying (0.7kWh/kg H 2 O) kwh heat /ton DS Heating and torrefaction kwh heat /ton DS Milling to powder 0.25mm kwh e /ton DS Milling to powder 1mm kwh e /ton DS Pelleting (mass basis) kwh e /ton DS Pelleting (energy basis) kwh e /MWh Total heat approximately kwh heat /ton DS Total power approximately kwh e /ton DS Total power approximately kwh e /MWh Total approximately kwh energy /ton DS EBC&E Berlin 2011 Only distribute on permission from Ingemar Olofsson UmU/ETPC 17

18 Challenges Cost retalted Analyze and optimize the whole supply chain! Biomass outtake Material Transport LT Drying HT Drying Torrefaction Storage processing Milling Compaction Transport $ $! A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28,

19 Preliminary Results Effects on Energy Yield A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28, 2011

20 Total costs for a large scale plant Raw Material Cost Product Prize Investment Cost Reinvestment Cost Accessability Opera?ng Staff Torrefac?on Degree Service Costs Low Temperature Heat Costs High Temperature Heat Costs Capital Costs Effects on Net Present alue Payback Year Profitability! A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28, 2011

21 Net present value SKR Brp Pro Rei TIL dri köp Har Fjä Ha2 kal Br2 Ti2 Brp*dri# Brp*Br2# N=68 R2=0,988 RSD=9,185e+006 DF=53 Q2=0,979 Conf. lev.=0,95 MODDE :22:48 (UTC+1) A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28, 2011

22 grave total cost reduc cradle A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28, 2011

23 Final Composite Response with economic weights - always end customer specific Total savings ( end el. customer) Sweet Spot A Nordin, Torefaction workshop, Graz Jan 28, 2011

24 Some words on economy! Source: Post-van-der Burg, BCBN conf., May Bloomberg New Energy Finance

25 Pellet Production Plants: 0 in 1990; >400 in 2010 Pellet production 20 years! Decreased (end user) pellet prize Initially Small plants Pellet plant retrofit Increasingly larger dedicated plants Estimate extensive and market penetration Why not? ! Industrial Gasification >

26 International development status! > 50 initiatives TorreFacts! > 10 initiatives with industrial production online! Rotating drums (Andritz, Torkapparater, BioEndev/Metso )! Moving beds (ECN )! Fluid Beds (Stramproy )! Fast dryers (Topell, Wyssmont )! All different technologies have specific advantages & disadvantages! proven technologies?! Heat transfer! Progress is slow! or Progress is fast! E T P C

27 Development status commercial Initiatives! Stramproy 2010-! Topell full capacity 2012-! Black Pellets attenfall Berlin tests! Torkapparater Gotland Dec (4x25 ton)! North America Extensive interests (Georgia etc )! Metso/BioEndev Övik 2 t/h 2012-

28 Design Data of the Bioendev Torrefaction-IDU (Industrial Development Unit) Fuel handling & Integration with new CHP Production capacity 2 ton/h) Multi fuel: moisture 30-55% Operation: C, 20-5 min Torrefied chips+pellets+briquettes Costs: 100 MSEK (10 MEuro) STEM: 2.7 MEuro 18 th European Biomass Conference, Lyon, May 2010

29 End use tests? Egenskap/Fördel attenfall RWE Generellt Mörk framtid! Game Changer! Bulkvolym. Fukthalt/känsligh Dry, hydrophob. Outdoor storage OK Malningsenergi Easy grinding Matningsbarhet No fibre struct Energiinnehåll High C (coal) As coal Storskaliga test Confirmed refined pellets as preffered option for biomass ramp-up

30 Our focus now on EFG of torrefied materials E T P C

31 Meva pilot gasifier Initial tests Nov 2011 with torrefied briquetted spruce Performed well Good gas composition - high heating value Optimization! E T P C

32 optimal kombo för kostnadseffektiv btl " Decentralicerad (Torrefiering + Pyrolys) + Centraliserad (EFG + Syntes)!

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35 Conclusions! Torrefaction here to stay!! All benefits confirmed! Several new identified!! Extensive database of results and models to be used for cost reduction!! Huge interest but it takes time!! Several interesting technologies! More complex than anticipated!! Torrefaction, pyrolysis and gasification!! Ready for gasification and BTL! E T P C

36 Thank You! E T P C