El Desafío Solar de Chile

Transcription

1 El Desafío Solar de Chile Rodrigo Palma Behnke SERC Team, Abril, 9 th 2015

2 Overview Based on the current energy challenge in Chile, a long term vision for solar energy development is presented and analyzed.

3 Parinacota Iquique Pozo Almonte Tarapacá Lagunas Collahuasi Crucero Atacama Laberinto Content Mejillones Antofagasta Escondida Chilean Energy Challenge and SERC Chile Solar Development Vision Until 2033 Specific Challenges Conclusions

4 Olmué 2014

5 Chilean energy challenges Chile in the Region 17 million people Nearly 4200 km long km 2 GDP per capita (PPP) US$ (2013)

6 4000 km Chilean Energy Challenges Interconnected systems Installed capacity in the country 3,800 MW 23,5 % 15,400 GWh Chile Today ~ MW 12,600 MW 75,6 % 47,800 GWh 50 MW 0,3 % 99 MW 0,6 % Fuente:

7 Energía [GWh] Chilean Energy Challenges WORLD 2008 CHILE 2010 Electricity generation matrix Evolución de generación [%] Source: OECD, CNE 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Año Energía renovable [%] Térmico [%]

8 Main indexes in the SIC/ SING by Systep and CDECs SIC SING

9 Social opposition Fuente: H. Rudnick

10 Government - Energy Agenda NEW ROLE OF THE STATE Human Capital Development, science and energy innovation Strategic programme in innovation and industry development in Solar Energy Solar Energy R+D programme DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL ENERGY RESOURCES Development of a Renewable Energy self-consumption strategy for communities Promotion of solar thermal solutions and PVat community level Special programmes for extreme or isolated areas

11 SERC CHILE COLLECTIVE EFFORT (6 Universities + Fundación Chile) Over this call, Universidad de Chile (UCH) along with Universidad de Tarapacá (UTA), Universidad de Antofagasta (UA), Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (UTFSM), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez (UAI), Universidad de Concepción (UDEC) and Fundación Chile (FCh) joined efforts to propose the creation of Chilean Solar Energy Research Center (SERC Chile). OBJECTIVE The objective of this center is to become a world leader of scientific research in solar energy, especially developing the potential of the Atacama Desert in Chile.

12 Research Lines Barriers (IV) (II) Solar energy storage (Héctor Galleguillos) Electric power systems with high penetration of solar energy (Luis Morán) (I) Solar energy in industry / mining (Samir Kouro) (V) Solar water treatment (Lorena Cornejo) (III) Solar energy coordination systems for rural and urban communities (Rodrigo Palma) (VI) Economic/social/ regulatory issues for solar development (Claudio Agostini) : relationships among lines of research

13 ~ = 45 researchers 8 postdoc 30 undergraduate 40 graduate

14 Organizational Structure International cooperation network LAB. NETWORK MANAGEMENT TEAM Academic Council Subdirector L. Morán Director R. Palma Principal researchers International Advisory Committee Julián Blanco Werner Platzer Paul Werbos Local Advisory Board María Eugenia Camelio Nicola Borregard Alejandro Jadresic Andrés Weintraub Alejandro Jofré Research Line 1 Samir Kouro Research Line 2 Luis Morán Research Line 3 Rodrigo Palma Research Line 4 Héctor Galleguillos Research Line 5 Lorena Cornejo Research Line 6 Claudio Agostini

15 R&D Associations Chilean Solar Ecosystem Society Companies

16 Parinacota Iquique Pozo Almonte Tarapacá Lagunas Collahuasi Crucero Atacama Laberinto Content Mejillones Antofagasta Escondida Chilean Energy Challenge and SERC Chile Solar Development Vision Until 2033 Specific Challenges Conclusions

17 Ref: J. Hirschmann 1913 Ref: Cosmos 2014

18 Fuente: Min. Energía, GIZ

19 Land use / costs: solar energy Panels [ha/mw] Project [Ha/MW] Average 3,02 3,69 Std.Dev 1,8 2,1 Near 400 MW installed capacity

20 Plant/Capacity factor: solar energy Factor de planta acumulado 40,00% 35,00% 30,00% 25,00% 20,00% 15,00% 10,00% 5,00% Tabla Plant resumen factor de Factores for each de planta, solar PV desde power puesta plants en servicio 35,19% 30,59% 29,15% 27,88% 26,88% 27,24% 27,57% 26,35% 24,03% 19,33% 19,32% 21,09% 21,83% 22,24% 22,05% 15,93% 15,80% 16,63% 4,52% 23,05% 9,32% 0,00% Central Solar

21 Plant/Capacity factor: solar energy

22 Southamerican 2033 Vision 30% electricity consumption in SA 200,000 MW ~ 6,000 km 2 ~ 600,000 ha 3 X (45x45 km 2 ) 15 X (20x20 km 2 )

23 Land use of solar energy Grapes in Chile 200,000 ha 2,000 km 2 ~ 66,000 MW PF ~ 30% 173,000 GWh

24 Multi-dimensional challenge Socio-environmental development Heat production (MW, MWh) Access to water Green-chemistry based on solar energy Local industry / products Electricity production (MW, MWh)

25 Parinacota Iquique Pozo Almonte Tarapacá Lagunas Collahuasi Crucero Atacama Laberinto Content Mejillones Antofagasta Escondida Chilean Energy Challenge and SERC Chile Solar Development Vision Until 2033 Specific Challenges Conclusions

26 GHG Emissions Ref: INGEI, 2010

27 Millon tco 2 e Emissions projection of aggregated Scenarios Baseline 2013 Base effort (B-E) Medium effort (M-E) High effor (H-E) NCRE RE Efficiency energy 80/20 Carbon tax COMMENTS Emissions and cost trajectories Main uncertainties

28 Intervention levels: technical layers Apps AGC / RI Brasil Argentina SCADA SIC

29 Solar cogeneration in mining Bomba LX-SX-EW Ref:

30 New operation strategies SIC SING 2025

31 New operation strategies with storage otérmica

32 Parinacota Iquique Pozo Almonte Tarapacá Lagunas Collahuasi Crucero Atacama Laberinto Content Mejillones Antofagasta Escondida Chilean Energy Challenge and SERC Chile Solar Development Vision Until 2033 Specific Challenges Conclusions

33 Where are you?

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37 Fuente de agua Fuente de agua Compañía minera

38 800 m Edificio Institucional 700 m Micro-red (eólico) Stirling CPV Laboratorios Talleres Pista de aterrizaje

39 Suggested road map Commintment: goverment, industry, society, academy Basic science development road map: Know how-module assembly HCD (teaching, labs) System wide impact of different technologies Creation of modelling & simulation group Systematic evaluation of cells and modules Modules: study, design and assembly. Cells: study, design and assembly. 2 years 2 years 2 years 3 years 3 years 5 years 10 years

40 El Desafío Solar de Chile Rodrigo Palma Behnke SERC Team, Abril, 9 th 2015