Egypt & Climate Change

Transcription

1 Egypt & Climate Change Eng. Ahmed El Gohary Advisor to the Egyptian Minister of Investment OECD - Paris April

2 Egypt Area : about 1.2 million km 2 Capital : Cairo Total population: about 84.5 millions (2009) Total population growth rate: 1.8% (2008) GDP growth: 4.5% (2005/06) 7.4% (2008/09) Expected GDP growth: 5% - 5.5%(2009/10) 2

3 International Commitments for Climate Change Convention Egypt signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC in 1992 and ratified it in Egypt has signed the Kyoto Protocol in 1999, and ratified it in Egypt Participation in the all COP meetings, with high level participation. Announcement of the first national communication report in 2000 using 1990 as a base year. 3

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5 National commitments for climate change convention Egypt has made several national actions concerning climate change: Establishment of climate change unit within the Environment Affairs Agency in Launching The National Committee for Climate Change in 1997 Establishment of The National Committee for Clean Development Mechanism in 2005 (Council & Bureau for CDM). under the direct supervision of Minister of Environment membership of several ministries (Ministry of Investment, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Electricity ). 5

6 Egyptian CO2 emissions According to 1 st national communication report(1999) m.ton/yr for 1990 & 0.4% of the total World emissions in 1990 Rest of the world; 99.60% Egypt; 0.40% Metric tons CO2 per capita 2.2 (2005) Electric power consumption 1,235 KWh per capita (2005) 6

7 Egypt`s actions towards GHG emissions reduction All these actions are voluntary. These actions do not replace the developed countries reduction commitments. 7

8 Egyptian Actions for Climate Change Egyptian Actions Mitigation actions Adaptation actions 8

9 Mitigation Actions CDM projects Renewable energies Mitigation Actions Energy Conservation Green Investments 9

10 The Mitigation Actions are: 1. Renewable Energy in Egypt: In February 2008, the Higher Council of Energy approved an ambitious strategy to supply 20% of the generated electricity from renewable energy by 2020, including 12% from wind energy, and 8% from other renewable resources, mainly hydro and solar energies. Such plan gives opportunity for private investments to play a major role in achieving this goal. 10

11 Renewable Energy in Egypt (continued) The Egyptian Government supports private participation in renewable energy projects as follows: More than 7600 sq. km of desert lands have been allowed for future wind projects. Free customs duties for renewable energy equipments. Financial risk reduction through long-term Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), for years. 11

12 2. CDM projects in Egypt 12

13 (CDM projects in Egypt (by Sector Renewable Ene... 0 Afforestation 2 Waste Manag... Fuel Switching 32 Energy Efficie... Industry 6 13

14 CDM projects` Situation 14

15 3- Energy conservation 3.1. Ministry of Electricity had put a plan for 20% energy saving of domestic consumption by using 2008 as base year. The plan will be activated from

16 Energy conservation (continued) 3.2. The Egyptian Government had made a budget of 260 million Egyptian pounds for streets lighting conservation program during 2009/2010 & 2010/ million energy-saving lamps were sold within the Egyptian market 16

17 Energy conservation (continued) 3.3. There is a great expansion in the usage of Natural Gas in electricity generation. using combined cycle system instead of liquid fuel. That increased efficiency by (30% - 40%) and reduce CO 2 emissions. 17

18 Energy conservation (continued) 3.4. Ministry of Trade & Industry had put a plan for 20% Energy Conservation in industrial activities. Using 2007 as a base year. The plan will be activated by

19 Energy conservation (continued) 3.5. Participation in Earth Hour Initiative 27 March 2009 & 2010, by turning lights off in public places like the Pyramids, the Citadel, Cairo tower and the main roads from 8:30 PM to 9:30 PM. Results were: In 2009, about 50 Mwt /hr reduction. while in 2010, about 100 Mwt /hr reduction. 19

20 Energy conservation (continued) 3.6. Ministry of Investment has prepared a database for all energy use in public companies in preparation to start the studies of energy saving for each sector separately: Chemical Industries Metals Textiles Food & Beverage Pharmaceuticals

21 4. Green Investments in Egypt 4.1. Taxi Replacement project Applied In Greater Cairo. aims at reducing both CO 2 emissions & air pollution (.taxi (20 years old min 43,000 lit./100 km 14 Will be replaced New gasoline cars (lit./100km 12) & (CNG cars (8 kg/100km ton CO 263,671 2 / year Reduction The project will reduce 21

22 Green Investments (continued) 4.2. Ministry of Investment with collaboration of the Egyptian Stock Market had launched a new stock index for social responsibility. Environmental performance and social responsibility are the main components of this index. Such Index will encourage the Egyptian companies` stakeholders to: follow the environmental regulations improve their companies social and environmental performance 22

23 Green Investments (continued) 4.3. A Month ago, the Egyptian Cabinet of Ministers launched an energy production program out of solid waste. The program will start in Giza & Alexandria governorates. TOR in preparation phase for the tender (by the technical committee in the Ministry of Environment) 23

24 Green Investments (continued) 4.4. Ministry of Investment stresses on the environmental requirements for newly applied projects In order to insure the environmental compliance. 24

25 Green Investments (continued) 4.5. A new industrial law is under preparation with incentives for: energy saving and clean energy usage within industrial sector. 25

26 Green Investments (continued) 4.6. The Egyptian Industrial Modernization Center with the McKinsey & Company consultation made a preliminary study about Egypt GHG: Emissions & Reduction Strategy which is not published yet. Data of this study has been collected from available published sources. with focus on 5 key sectors: Energy Buildings Cement industry Transportation Agriculture 26

27 Green Investments (continued) 4.7. The Egyptian Parliament has approved additional funds in the public budget (about 9 billion Egyptian pounds) for infrastructure projects in: sewage & drinking water to villages & rural areas (adaptation action) Currently in the Egyptian Parliament, there is a discussion about PPP Law (Private Public Partnership) That will encourage a lot of large private investment opportunities in Egyptian market. 27

28 Egyptian Actions for Climate Change Egyptian Actions Mitigation actions Adaptation actions 28

29 :Adaptation Actions According to the forth (IPCC) Report in 2007, Egypt is expected to face a huge risks and threats. 29

30 Such as Sea level rise Temperature increase Affecting water resources and irrigation Affecting agriculture, livestock and food sources Affecting coastal areas Affecting tourist areas Impact on public health 30

31 Expected Scenarios for Sea Level Rise on the Egyptian Delta 31

32 Accordingly The Ministry of Environment is working with cooperation of all other ministries, to put an adaptation strategy for the climate change in Egypt 32

33 ..More efforts for adaptation 1. Implementing the Egyptian program for Climate Changes CCRMP , Funded by UNDP & the Spanish government to achieve the Millennium Goals. The program implemented by many ministries and sectors. 33

34 2. The Egyptian Ministry of water resources is developing a program for Forecasting and Monitoring the water resources and protecting the Egyptian coastal zones. 3. The Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture is doing studies for new crops production to adopt climate change effects. 34

35 Thank you Eng./ Ahmed El Gohary 35