RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System

Transcription

1 RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System

2 »Wouldn t it be great to eliminate doubtful measurement results by using proven measurement technology? Providing the most precise results ensures and increases your ability to deliver highly accurate and sustainable knowledge about your work.«worldwide with the precision of the original!

3 Discovering the RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System Operating Principle Cross section of Sonic Nozzle Sonic Nozzles and Critical Flow Venturis are constant volumetric flow measurement meters that can be used as a calibration standard for gas flow meters. Due to their high repeatability they are extremly precise. Sonic devices vary in size with an internal design of a nozzle consisting of a circular arc which leads to a minimum throat area with a smooth circular inlet. This design operates on the principle that as gas flows through the throat of the nozzle, the gas accelerates (Venturi effect) as it approaches the throat. As the differential pressure increases, the velocity at the throat, the minimum area, increases and the density decreases. When the velocity reaches the speed of sound (Mach 1), it is considered choked, sonic or critical. The Sonic Nozzle is operated by applying inlet pressure or using a vacuum to evacuating the exit to achieve an Inlet/Outlet pressure ratio of approx. 1.3 or greater. This ratio maintains the nozzle in a»choked«or»sonic«state. In this state, only the upstream pressure and temperature can influence the flowrate through the Nozzle. Nozzle flowrate becomes close to a linear function of the inlet pressure. Increasing the inlet pressure can increase the flow rate. One of the greatest advantages of Sonic Nozzles when compared to sub-sonic flowmeters is that downstream pressure disturbances cannot move upstream past the throat or sonic point of the Nozzle. Since throat velocity is higher and in the opposite direction of downstream disturbances, these pressure disturbances cannot move upstream past the throat or affect the velocity or the density of the flow through the Nozzle. Uncertainty levels of ±0.25% of reading or better can routinely be achieved since there are no moving parts. 0.8 Calibration Curve 0.6 Measurement Error Measurement Error [%] ,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 Flow Rate [ltr/h] Example of a calibration curve for a RITTER drum-type gas meter Nozzle diameter for 1 ltr/h: 0.03 mm - For your refenrence: Average diameter of human hair 0.07 mm

4 Features Sonic Nozzle measurement principle Calibration of gas volume flow and gas mass flow Calibration Certificates for nozzles by German National Primary Standard»PTB«Calibration uncertainty of nozzles 0.15% ~ 0.65% System calibration uncertainty 0.3% ~ 0.8% Long-term repeatability and accuracy from extreme sonic nozzle stability No retro-action from unit under test because of high pressure and»sonic«state Single & multi-point calibrations fully automated by PC & multi-lingual software Data storage to hard disc, export to MS-Excel, paper print of diagram and reports Computerized individual pneumatic valve control for each nozzle Specifications (for stated example below) 13 sonic nozzles Smallest nozzle: 1 ltr/h Largest nozzle: 15,000 ltr/h Flow rate range: 1 to 34,000 ltr/h Number of possible calibration flow rates with 13 nozzles: 8,191 (= ) Example of a RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration unit with 13 nozzles Standard equipment does not include drum-type meter as shown above

5 Installation Configurations There are two possible configurations for Sonic Nozzles: 1. Pressurized System 2. Vacuum System The RITTER system is designed to operate using the most common Pressurized System. It was decided against the alternate vacuum system, because it would draw from the meter being calibrated. This could introduce water or oil vapour of the Unit Under Test (UUT) into the calibration system causing disruption of the Sonic Nozzle design. A pressurized gas source like filtered lab air is used with a pressure regulator upstream of the Sonic Nozzle system. The measured process downstream can be at atmospheric pressure or greater as long as a minimum of 1.4 pressure ratio is maintained across the Nozzle. Using the pressure system approach, the Sonic Nozzle System will operate properly as designed, regardless of flow pulsations or fluctuations from the process downstream. The airflow range is directly related to the number and size of the installed nozzles as well as from the maximum pressure of the available air supply. Worldwide with the precision of the original! Pressure Temperature Compressor Pressure controller 1.6 bar P Valves Humidity V14 T H Nozzles 1 l 5 l 10 l 20 l 100l 50 l 100 l 200 l 500 l 1000 l 2000 l 5000 l l l Valves Schematic V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 Flow direction Pressure P Pulses Temperature Test device ( UUT ) Schematic view of the nozzle arrangement in a RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System Equation for calculation of volume flow rate T V15 Valve Room conditions T ambient P RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System Calibration service facilities that must maintain multiple types and sizes of meters, require the ability to calibrate a wide range of flow rates. RITTER wet test meters measure from 1 to 18,000 litres/hr. Dry gas meters can measure from 40 to 160,000 litres/hr. In order to extend the flow range beyond that of a single nozzle, the Sonic Calibration System can include multiple nozzles which can be installed in parallel. In the example arrangement shown in the schematic above, the installed 13 nozzles can be operated individually, in combination, or all together, providing the possibility of generating more than 8,000 different flow rates. With the number and sizes of those nozzles a total flow rate range of 1 litre/hour to approx. 35 m³/ hr can be achieved. Sonic nozzles offered are ASME and ISO certified. As with all RITTER products, the RIT- TER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System can be custom made to the requirements of the customer. Equation for calculation of mass flow rate 5mm 1mm Injection cone of Sonic Nozzle ltr/h Injection cone of Sonic Nozzle 1 ltr/h PTB certificates for all Sonic Nozzles of the RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System Subject to alterations.

6 Dr.-Ing. RITTER Apparatebau GmbH & Co. KG Coloniastr D Bochum Germany Phone Fax Worldwide with the precision of the original!»the RITTER Multiple Sonic Nozzle Calibration System is an enormous help increasing and ensuring the knowledge about our measurement skills!« Rev