GSA. Circulation and Security Validation. GSA BIM Guide Series

Transcription

1 GSA Circulation and Security Validation GSA BIM Guide Series 006

2 COPYRIGHT 2007 BY General Services Administration If you would like to contact the authors, please write to: The National 3D-4D-BIM Program Office of the Chief Architect Public Buildings Service U.S. General Services Administration 1800 F Street NW, Suite 3341 Washington, DC 20405

3 Table of contents Circulation and Security Validation Executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation...iv introduction...vi Section 1: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation... 2 What Is Circulation and Security Validation...2 BIM Circulation and Security Validation Process...3 Section 2: Space Modeling... 6 Space Naming Conventions...6 Space Types and Space Instances...6 Space Classification...7 Circulation Space classification...7 Special exceptions to the Circulation Validation Naming Convention...8 Security Classification of circulation zones...8 Space Modeling Requirements The use of the BIM to GSA IFC Resource Kit Space Modeling for Vertical Circulation Modeling elevators Modeling stairs Modeling ramps Section 3: security modeling requirements...21 Security screening area Definition of the security level attributes of spaces: executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation ii

4 section 4: BIM-analysis rules...24 acknowledgments...25 Appendix A... 1 Circulation Validation Naming Convention...1 Appendix B... 8 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Autodesk Architectural Desktop...8 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Autodesk Revit...9 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Bentley Architecture Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Gerhy technologies Digital Project Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Graphisoft ArchiCAD Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Nemetschek Vectorworks executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation iii

5 Executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation In 2003, U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) Public Buildings Service (PBS) Office of the Chief Architect (OCA) established the National 3D-4D-BIM Program ( As part of this program, OCA has evaluated an array of 3D-4D-BIM applications on a number of capital projects. Since circulation issues are of extreme importance for the correct functioning of most federal buildings and especially courthouses, circulation validation is a useful aspect to review early and thoroughly. OCA has been working with a number of PBS offices, BIM vendors, the building industry, leading research institutions, and professional organizations to establish requirements for an application that supports circulation validation assessment. This guide is a result of the work the GSA BIM team has done to ensure that high-quality models will be submitted for Circulation and Security Validation. GSA has been working with a number of BIM-authoring software vendors to ensure that architects and engineers (A/Es) are able to comply with the new GSA spatial requirements using a broad range of available software, via the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) open standard. GSA is also testing and validating these requirements on pilot projects with A/E teams across the nation. Objective of Circulation and Security Validation using BIM The overall purpose of Circulation and Security Validation using BIM is to efficiently and accurately assess design performance, relative to GSA courthouse circulation design requirements. In the past, GSA used to validate circulation programs using visual review and redlining of circulation paths. By using BIM models, GSA can automate the circulation validation process to ensure that all designs in the Concept Design phase adhere to the circulation requirements set forth by US Courts Design Guide. Requirements and deliverables For the accurate assessment of circulation conditions A/Es are required to generate a valid 3d geometrical representation, produced in a BIM authoring tool, for all the spaces identified in the design proposal ; For all those spaces identified in the BIM model having a GSA net area over 9s.f, A/Es need to provide the following; BIM object types and required attributes; Space; containing space name, space ID number, space security levels and optionally additional circulation use Elevator; containing space name, space ID number, and space security levels executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation iv

6 Stair; containing space name, space ID number, and space security levels Ramp; Ramp slope Wall; no specific attributes required Door; no specific attributes required In addition to the listed requirements for individual space objects, A/Es must also provide the full building floor (containing space names, and space numbers) for every floor defined in their design, and they should consult their regional GSA project team and OCA to determine if additional requirements are necessary for their submission. The deliverables required by the GSA Circulation Validation Tool in the Concept design stage includes: A single file containing the BIM model exported to IFC 2x2 format or IFC 2x3 format. The purpose of this guide is to help A/Es prepare the correct development of their BIM models regarding Circulation Validation for courthouse design. The following points highlight some of the most important requirements of BIM modeling for Circulation Validation. If the following points are not properly defined by A/Es when modeling, the Circulation validation process of their BIM models will be incorrect. A/Es must accurately define spaces using the names included in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention (see Appendix A). A/Es should use the appropriate BIM tool and objects when creating their models. For example when modeling stairs, the stair assembly needs to be created using the stair tool so that the object can be properly interpreted. When A/Es need to model objects used in the circulation validation assessment, but whose geometry is not supported by the appropriate BIM tool, A/Es will need to consult with their BIM authoring vendor the best way to model those entities. Conclusion With Circulation Validation, GSA expects to help A/Es to efficiently evaluate their designs and ensure their compliance with circulation guidelines defined for courthouse design. The automation of circulation design assessment at early design stages will allow A/Es to gain confidence in the proposed solutions and focus on design tasks rather than circulation validation. GSA welcomes any constructive comments and recommendations to the BIM guide for Circulation and Security Validation. executive summary: Circulation and Security Validation v

7 introduction Circulation is the movement (of people, blood, and air) from place to place (Webster s New World Dictionary). In this section of the GSA BIM Guide, the 06 GSA BIM Guide for Circulation and Security Validation of Courthouses, the focus is on human circulation and its different conditions within buildings. Circulation conditions determine the level of accessibility to various spaces within a building. Circulation conditions also determine the ease of egress from different spaces in the building in case of emergencies, as well as access to specific spaces in a building for special populations, such as access for people with disabilities. There is a wide variety of circulation criteria, mostly regarding specific building types. In this Guide, we are interested in assessing circulation conditions relevant to the effective functioning of different building types. Hospitals have one set of circulation requirements, while courthouses have another, and jails still others. A few circulation requirements are universal across almost all building types, such as those facilitating access for people with disabilities. Most circulation requirements, however, are building type specific. In this Guide, the primary building type of focus is federal courthouses. In order to provide A/Es with a better understanding of the conditions relevant to courthuoses, U.S. Courts has developed a Design Guide that defines both good practices and necessary conditions for a federal courthouse. A thorough analysis of the Design Guide has allowed the extraction of over two hundred rules regarding circulation conditions and regulations in U.S. courthouses. Automated model checking for compliance with these rules has been implemented in a software tool that enables a faster and more thorough validation process of candidate designs for US courthouses. Because a courthouse typically has several complex functions, including courtrooms, U.S. Marshall s services and other functions, there are usually more than a thousand different circulation conditions which can be considered important for the wellfunctioning of the courthouse. It is almost inevitable for some of these conditions to be overlooked, at least initially, during the design process. Identifying a circulation problem later in the design process can lead to significant increases in cost, sometimes even compromising the entire design of the courthouse building. The purpose of the Circulation and Security Validation program is to identify circulation problems early in the design process, so that these issues can be resolved while spatial organization and circulation areas within the courthouse are still in a flexible state. The circulation and security validation assessment process has been structured to offer review at the level of concept design development. The Concept design development phase of an architectural project should clearly identify all the spaces contained in the design proposal, regarding their geometry and function (identified by the space name). It should also consider detailed definitions of mixed use spaces. Circulation spaces, including elevators, ramps and stairs, are defined according to their spatial layout and security level. Door locations, parking zones, security gates at the main entrance, sallyport(s) are also identified according to their function. introduction vi

8 The assessment of circulation conditions during concept design enables A/Es to check the high level design layout to determine if there are significant access, circulation separation, or circulation control issues in the proposed design. introduction vii

9 section 01: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation GSA BIM Guide Series 006

10 Section 1: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation What Is Circulation and Security Validation The GSA Circulation Validation tool is an automated process developed to help A/Es along the design process by evaluating the circulation conditions that exist in their designs. The Circulation Validation tool checks the validity of circulation conditions in courthouse design through the checking of over two hundred circulation rules defined by the US Courts Design Guide.these circulation rules most of the times reference to high level functional spaces such as courtroom. The checking of each of the rules implemented in the Circulation Validation tool is done by checking the circulation conditions for every space instance identified by the design rule, in the case of the class courtroom the instances would be all USBC Courtrooms, all USDC Courtrooms,and all USCA Courtrooms. In the U.S. Courts Design Guide chapter 7, page 21, line 17. we find the following rule; The jury must not pass through the public seating area of the courtroom when moving to or from the trial jury suite. For implementation of the Circulation Validation tool, the rule identified above has been translated in to three separate rules allowing for the checking of circulation conditions in all the space instances of Courtroom. A-1 The jury must not pass through the public seating area of the USDC courtrooms, when moving to or from the trial jury suite A-2 The jury must not pass through the public seating area of the USBC courtrooms, when moving to or from the trial jury suite A-3 The jury must not pass through the public seating area of the Magistrate Judge courtrooms, when moving to or from the trial jury suite To be able to support interoperability between the multiple applications validated by the 3D-4D BIM program, the Circulation Validation uses Industry Foundation Clases (IFC) as the neutral building model file format. All the BIM-Authoring application tools validated by the National 3D-4D BIM program have the capability of exporting their own building model data in IFC format. A/Es will need to export their BIM models to IFC prior submission for the Circulation and Security Validation Process. A/Es will submit their IFC BIM file to the GSA Circulation and security Validation website, where the it will go through the automated Circulation and Security Validation process. The GSA Circulation and Security Validation Process will send A/Es a report that contains a description of circulation rules that are violated by the proposed design. The report will include both the space instances generating the errors and the particular Design Rule which is violated. section 1: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation 2

11 BIM Circulation and Security Validation Process The correct preparation of a BIM model for circulation validation involves the following steps: 1. Preparing the building model to carry all the information needed for circulation validation. This includes generating building space objects for all occupied spaces and proper naming of spaces according to Appendix A, so that they can be identified by their function; it includes assigning security level definition to spaces and proper definition of stairs, ramps and elevators. 2. Exporting the BIM-authoring application file to an IFC file format. The exported IFC format should include all the information specified in this guide, and it should be performed according to the procedures defined by the specific BIMauthoring tool vendor. 3. Uploading IFC files for circulation validation. A/Es will submit to the GSA Circulation Validation website the exported IFC 2x2 or IFC 2x3 file format to be analyzed by the GSA Circulation Validation Tool. 4. Generating an error report. A report of the analysis results, including a description of all instances that violate the embedded circulation rules, will be generated by the GSA Circulation Validation Tool and sent to the A/Es for their consideration. Diagram 1 shows the functionality of the GSA Circulation Validation section 1: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation 3

12 G Textual report back to user WWW A/Es Building Model Export of GSA Court in IFC format Export of GSA Court in IFC format U.S. Courthouses circulation rules Application of circulation rules to IFC Circulation Validation Results Diagram 1 section 1: BIM Based Circulation and Security Validation 4

13 section 02: space modeling GSA BIM Guide Series 006

14 Section 2: Space Modeling Space Naming Conventions Appendix A of this guide; Circulation Validation Naming Convention, provides the space names used to designate spaces in US courthouses according to the circulation rules contained in the US Courts Design Guide. These names will help A/Es to identify the necessary space functions and intended users of various spaces in courthouses. For example: - jury conference room - Attorney s conference room - Judge conference room - U.S. Marshall s conference room - Jury assembly conference room Each of these conference rooms in a courthouse has specific circulation requirements. In order to assess circulation conditions for all different conference rooms, they need to be clearly distinguished by name. Other types of spaces that need to be distinguished for circulation validation assessment are listed in Appendix A of this guide. Space Types and Space Instances Courthouses, like other facilities, have multiple spaces with the same function. For example, a courthouse often has multiple courtrooms; it is likely to have a separate jury conference room for each of the courtrooms involving juries. The Conference Room in this case is defined as a space class. Different jury conference rooms are defined as space instances. They will typically have a unique ID to be distinguished from other conference rooms. Users can use any ID conventions as long as the associated functional name is one of those contained in Appendix A. In the GSA Circulation Validation tool, circulation rules are defined in terms of space classes (in part, because it is not known how many instances of a space type there are in a particular building), but the rules implemented in the validation process will be applied to all instances of each particular space class. section 2: Space Modeling 6

15 Space Classification To provide efficient circulation assessment there needs to be a consistent set of data elements that can be verified under the same conditions repeatedly and under a consistent set of rules. The US Courts Design Guide is explicit in the circulation conditions required from the multiple space classes within a given courthouse. However, application to all space instances is mostly just implicit within the rules. In most cases, circulation rules are structured to address circulation conditions for a variety of spaces using the same name, but requiring different security level definition or user classification. To address this problem, GSA has developed a method for classifying spaces for the purpose of circulation analysis. A classification schema has been developed to provide a Circulation Validation Naming Convention capable of addressing all spaces defined by circulation rules in the US Courts Design Guide. This schema allows the identification of all space types and space instances included in those circulation rules. This classification schema identifies two classes of Circulation Rules: Circulation rules for Space Classes: most of the circulation rules defined by the US Courts Design Guide refer to spaces at the class level, such as Courtrooms. These circulation rules are automatically applied to all the space instances derived from the space class identified in the circulation rule. For example, circulation rules for courtrooms are applied to USCA courtrooms, USBC courtrooms, USDC courtrooms, and to US magistrate judge courtrooms, for example. Circulation rules for Space Instances: some circulation rules defined by the US Courts Design Guide refer to specific space instances (e.g. circuit clerk office). These rules are applied directly to space instances contained in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention. Error results, if they occur, apply to the instances of spaces. The space names required by the static space classification of the GSA Circulation Validation Tool can be found in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention contained in appendix A of this guide. These names are predefined by GSA and cannot be modified by A/E designers. Circulation Space classification In a building type such as a courthouse, the program requirements can contain a wide variety of functions and space uses associated with them. Some spaces are specifically intended to support circulation (e.g. corridor, lobby, reception). The space types that accept through circulation are listed in Appendix A. Other spaces, not normally intended to support through circulation (e.g. equipment rooms, secretary rooms, library or other spaces that are also mixed use), can be used to support through section 2: Space Modeling 7

16 circulation, based on design intent for a particular plan. In these cases, the A/Es need to designate that these spaces have the dual function of their primary use and circulation. The method for doing this will vary for each of the BIM tools. When a space has a specifically defined single circulation use (e.g. corridor, lobby), it is enough that A/Es assign it one of the names listed in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention. For mixed use spaces that include circulation, A/Es will need to assign the space instance in the manner appropriate for the BIM authoring tool used. See the appropriate appendix. Special exceptions to the Circulation Validation Naming Convention The Circulation Validation Naming Convention has been developed for the purpose of circulation assessment. It might not contain all the names needed to label the spaces in a US courthouse. If not sufficient, A/Es can also refer to the Established Space Names from Spatial Data Mgmt s (SDM) CAFM included in the 02 GSA BIM Guide For Spatial Program Validation Appendix C.1. Security Classification of circulation zones The US Courts Design Guide defines two main security zones; perimeter and interior security zones. Among these, the GSA Circulation Validation Tool is concerned only with those zones located to the interior of US Courthouses, in particular those designed to accommodate the activities and movement of people. The US Courts Design Guide defines three levels of security for circulation areas. A/Es will need to provide in their design proposals three separate circulation zones: public, restricted, and secure: - Public circulation: is understood as all those areas for the use of general public inside the courthouse building, public circulation is controlled by the security screening area located at the main entry of the court house building. - Restricted circulation: has a controlled interior entry; the use of these zones is limited to judges, court personnel, and official visitors. - Secure circulation: all areas intended for the circulation of prisoners. It is under the control of the US Marshals Service (USMS). A/Es should refer to the US Courts Design Guide to specify the appropriate security level for each of the functional spaces included in their courthouse design proposal. section 2: Space Modeling 8

17 Required spatial information for all projects For all those spaces having a GSA net area greater than 9 s.f.. A/Es must place a tag identifying the space by using a name contained in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention; and identify the space by an ID number. Assignment of an appropriate security level classification according to the US Courts Design Guide is also required. Minimum requirements for All spaces GSA Circulation Validation requirements Example Reference source Space name USBC judge chamber GSA BIM Guide For Circulation Validation of Courthouses Space security level restricted US Courts Design Guide Space ID number 123 Generated by BIM-Authoring application Minimum space modeling requirements for circulation validation In order for the GSA Circulation Validation Tool to provide an accurate assessment of the circulation conditions on a proposed design, A/Es need to carefully verify the minimal conditions needed for the correct circulation assessment. The following properties for data elements are required for all spaces; Space name: each space identified in the design proposal requires a space name defined according to the Circulation Validation Naming Convention (or the US Courts Design Guide, if the Circulation Validation Naming Convention does not contain a definition for such a space class) Space security level: each space identified in the design proposal requires a definition for space security level included within the attributes of the space. For specific information on how to define security zone properties, for details on how to assign the attributes to the space object A/Es should refer to Section 3 of this guide under Space Attributes definition of security levels, or contact their BIM-authoring application provider. Space ID number: each space identified in the design proposal needs to have a Space ID number. For the purposes of Circulation Validation there are no particular conditions for numbering spaces. The numbering can be done automatically by the BIM-authoring application or manually by the designer. The Space ID number must be unique for each space defined in the design proposal. Particular space ID numbering conditions might be required by other GSA space validation programs. A/Es should consult their regional GSA project team and OCA if they are planning on using the same Space ID number throughout the entire design process. section 2: Space Modeling 9

18 Space Modeling Requirements The use of the BIM to GSA IFC Resource Kit In order to support a high level of interoperability the GSA Circulation Validation Tool requires the use of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) as format file, specifically developed to cover the need of the A/E industry. IFC contains definitions for a wide variety of building objects and building processes, regardless the level of development of the design. A/Es will need to submit their designs to the GSA Circulation Validation Tool exported in IFC 2x2 or IFC 2x3 file formats. The BIM-authoring applications validated by the national 3D-4D BIM program have been tested and validated in their capability to export their BIM files to IFC file format; Autodesk Revit and Graphisoft ArchiCAD have built-in capabilities to export their BIM files to IFC file format. In the case of Bentley Architecture users, they need to contact Bentley Systems to gain access to such capability. Autodesk Architectural Desktop users will need to get the Inopso IFC-interface for Architectural Desktop, in order to be able to export Architectural Desktop native file format to IFC file format. Information about the Inopso interface can be found at Some properties required for the correct definition of building objects for the GSA Circulation Validation Tool are not in common use in other building types, i.e., security zone. Therefore, in their default condition, most of the BIM-authoring applications do not have the required interfaces to allow A/Es to provide the GSA Circulation Validation Tool with all the information required for Circulation assessment. The BIM-authoring application vendors, validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program, will provide their customers with a GSA IFC resource kit which supports the definition of all the properties required by the GSA Circulation Validation Tool. Depending on the selected BIM-authoring application, A/Es will need to verify the availability of the following capabilities: - Exporting files in to IFC 2x2 or IFC 2x3. - Availability of the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit. A/Es need to refer directly to the BIM authoring vendors to gain access to the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit developed for the respective BIM authoring application they have chosen to use. A/Es also need to review the Documentation referring their BIMauthoring application of choice in order to verify the protocol defined to use the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit. section 2: Space Modeling 10

19 For detailed information on the use of the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit on the BIM-authoring application validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program, please refer to Appendix B of this guide. Space modeling and space definition One of the basic methods in identifying a particular space is by defining its boundary conditions. A/Es will mostly define space boundaries by placing walls along its perimeter. All required computations, such as area calculation or space definition, will be determined by the relationships between the space bounding elements. When preparing their models for circulation validation, A/Es need to explicitly identify spaces by using their BIM-authoring application s space definition tool (may also be known as Room area or Zone, depending on the application). The BIM-authoring application tool, upon the identification of the space, will then place a room tag for the specified space containing required information for proper classification of that space. The appropriate use of the BIM space definition tool is critical. In that tool, A/Es will explicitly define required information for the circulation validation process, namely; space name and space ID number. In most BIM authoring applications, there are two basic methods to perform space definition: Automated space definition: The automated space definition requires that the entire perimeter of the space is closed, usually by walls. The automated space definition tool in most BIM authoring applications will metaphorically fill the entire space in order to define it and measure its area and volume. The automated space definition will not work if A/Es do not complete the enclosure of the space. Manual space definition: most of the BIM-authoring applications have the capability to allow for the designer to manually define the dimension of a space. The operation will require from the designer to manually identify the dimensions of the space by drawing a polygon identifying the perimeter of the space, and the height of it. Due to the intrinsic relationship between space definition and space bounding elements, A/Es need to carefully verify the conditions of space definition after editing any of the space bounding elements. Some of the BIM-authoring applications, validated by the National 3D-4D BIM program, can automatically update space definitions for edited space bounding elements. Others do not have this capability, and A/Es might need to either run an update process or manually adjust the spaces. A/Es need to refer directly to the BIM authoring application documentation in order to verify the capabilities of each system regarding space definition tools. section 2: Space Modeling 11

20 For detailed information on space definition on the BIM-authoring application validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program, please refer to Appendix B of this guide. - Space Modeling using Walls When creating wall objects, A/Es must use the BIM-authoring application wall tool in order to create the correct definition for a wall object. If not available or if the wall tool does not support the geometry defined in the design, A/Es need to create a custom object and define it as a wall instance. Most BIM-authoring applications support the creation of custom objects and mapping them to IFC object types. In order to guarantee correct object types and geometry, A/Es need to assess the capability of their selected BIM-authoring application to export custom-defined wall objects to IFC wall entities. This will result in a model, which contains both the correct object types and the correct geometry. When using wall objects to construct spaces for the purpose of circulation assessment, A/Es are not required to include materials within the property set of wall objects used to define spaces. Neither is the A/E required to establish a classification for the wall objects as interior or exterior elements. A/Es need to keep in mind that such level of property definition might be required by other GSA space Validation programs, however. If A/Es intent is to define such properties at design concept stage, they should consult their regional GSA project team and OCA regarding specific requirements. For detailed information on space modeling using walls on the BIM-authoring application validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program, please refer to Appendix B of this guide. - Space modeling of functionally subdivided spaces According to the PBS Business Assignment Guide, all spaces contained in the project shall be represented and broken down into functional space units (depending on their respective function) as defined by the GSA spatial program. In many buildings, it is possible to identify spaces, which contain several functional areas, even though they are contained within the same physical space (the same physical bounding elements). For example, office space may contain several workstations, office equipment, and circulation areas. The total office space in this case is known as an functionally subdivided space. When modeling functionally subdivided spaces during preliminary concept design; A/Es usually do not explicitly identify circulation areas, labeling rooms only by their high-level function (i.e., Deputy clerk). For the accurate assessment of circulation conditions by the GSA Circulation Validation tool, A/Es need either to make explicit the functional composition of functionally section 2: Space Modeling 12

21 subdivided spaces, clearly identifying the areas defined for each particular function within it (i.e., Deputy Clerks, corridor, Equipment, reception, corridor). To do so A/Es will need to divide the space in to smaller functional spaces, usually this process is performed manually and it will require from the designer to define the space for each of the smaller functional spaces. Alternatively, if the mixed use space considers only one space function besides the circulation, A/Es can use the method defined in this section under: multi-function circulation spaces. For detailed information on space modeling where walls are not the bounding condition, for BIM-authoring applications validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program, please refer to Appendix B of this guide. - Definition of Circulation Space No particular modeling technique is required to model circulation spaces. Spaces can be geometrically defined by the bounding surfaces around them. This can be achieved by using a set of walls or virtual walls. Both methods of definition of spaces are supported by the GSA Circulation Validation Tool. For spaces specifically intended to support circulation, A/Es only need to assign the correct naming convention according to the Circulation Validation Naming Convention included in appendix A of this guide. - Multi-function Circulation Spaces There is another class of circulation spaces required for the proper functioning of US courthouses, but which might not be easily identifiable for A/Es. In some cases, their space name does not explicitly identify them as circulation spaces (as in the case of e.g. soundlock). In other cases, they are mixed-use spaces which contain both a high-level function (e.g. staff lounge) and a circulation space. These spaces are known as Multi-function Circulation Spaces. For circulation validation assessment, multi-function circulation spaces are defined as those spaces containing a single high-level function and also allow for limited circulation, due to design intent or program requirements. All other spaces containing two or more high-level functions are to be considered functionally subdivided spaces. No particular modeling technique is required to model multi-function circulation spaces. A/Es will define bounding surfaces of the space, using any of the methods described in this guide. They will then identify the space name, the one, which best represent section 2: Space Modeling 13

22 the high-level function contained in the space, according to the Circulation Validation Naming Convention. A/Es will label the space using the name extracted from the Circulation Validation Naming Convention and, within the space attributes, classify the space as allowing circulation. A/Es will be able to set classification for multi-function circulation spaces after loading the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit, detailed information can be found on section 2 of this guide under the use of BIM to GSA IFC resource kit. As referential information, we provide figure 1, in it is possible to see the definition of the space attributes for multi-function Circulation, in the attribute set, under IFC parameters the classification for multi-function Circulation has been defined as Allowed. Figure 1 section 2: Space Modeling 14

23 Modeling spaces with multiple floors When creating spaces with multiple floor levels, A/Es must use the BIM-Authoring application slab/floor tool in order to create the correct slab object instances. The designer needs to create slabs with the required heights, being careful not leave any gaps between them. In the case the BIM-Authoring application of choice does not support the geometry defined in the design; A/Es will need to create a custom object and assign it to the slab/floor object family, most of BIM-Authoring applications support the creation of such objects and the mapping of those generic objects to IFC object types. This will result in a model, which contains both the right object types and the correct geometry. Users should consult with their BIM-Authoring application documentation to ensure these objects will be exported to valid IFC object entities. Space Modeling for Vertical Circulation Vertical circulation spaces in courthouses are those spaces designed to provide access to the different levels in multi-storey courthouses. As with the rest of the circulation spaces designed for US Courthouses, the vertical circulation spaces need to be associated with one of the security levels defined by the US Courts Design Guide; public, restricted, and secure. Modeling elevators Among the BIM-authoring applications validated by the National 3D-4D-BIM Program is not possible, at this time, to find a consistent definition for elevator objects, some of them don t even have the elevator object within their BIM objects package. Because of this, for the purpose of Circulation assessment, A/Es will model elevators as simple spaces stacked one on top each other. For detailed information on how to model a space, refer to section 2 of this guide under Space Modeling using Walls or to appendix B for specific information on each of the validated BIM-authoring applications Regardless the availability of an elevator object tool in their BIM-authoring application of choice, when modeling for the purpose of circulation assessment, A/Es need to represent elevators with spaces including a space label. The definition can be made using section 2: Space Modeling 15

24 any of the methods described in this guide; the space label must have one of the names identified in the Circulation Validation Naming Convention for the class elevator, such as Prisoner Elevator or Public Elevator. The correct modeling of the elevator space can be seen in figure 2, in this case the space has been labeled as judge Elevator Figure 2 Modeling stairs When creating stair objects, A/Es must use the BIM-authoring application stair tool in order to create the correct stair object type. If not available or does not support the geometry defined in the design, A/Es will need to create a custom object and assign it to the stair object family. Most of BIM-authoring applications support the creation of such objects and the mapping of those generic objects to IFC object types. In order to verify exporting custom-defined stairs to IFC stair entities, A/Es should consult their BIM-authoring application vendor. The current IFC (2x3) format supports a great variety of stair entities (figures 10 and 11). Due to the complexity of parameterization of stair objects, it is not possible to support all the imaginable types of stairs. In case of defining a custom stair object, A/Es can either verify with their BIM-authoring application vendor if the intended design can be translated to IFC, or replace the custom stair with a conventional stair only for the circulation condition assessment process. section 2: Space Modeling 16

25 IFC currently supports the following classes of stairs, and those which are derived from the stair class through the modification of their formal parameters. Straight Run Stair Two Straight Run Stair Quarter Winding Stair Two Quarter Turn Stair Three Quarter Winding Stair Quarter Turn Stair Three Quarter Turn Stair Half Winding Stair Figure 3 Figure 4 Spiral stair Half Turn Stair Double Return Stair Two Quarter Winding Stair Curved Run Stair Two Curved Run Stair Particular care should be taken by the A/Es in order to attach stairs to their respective slabs: The BIM model should not have isolated stair objects, they should connect to and be attached to the different levels of the building and their respective slab object element. Modeling ramps When creating ramp objects, A/Es must use the BIM-authoring application ramp tool in order to create the correct ramp object type. If not available or does not support the geometry defined in the design, A/Es will need to create a custom object and assign section 2: Space Modeling 17

26 it to the ramp object family. Most BIM-authoring applications support the creation of such objects and the mapping of those generic objects to IFC object types. In order to verify exporting custom defined ramps to IFC ramp entities, A/Es should consult their BIM-authoring application vendor. The current IFC (2x3) format supports a great variety of ramp entities (figure 12). Due to the complexity of parameterization of the Ramp object, it is not possible to support all the imaginable types of ramps. In case of defining a custom ramp object, A/Es can either verify with their BIM-authoring application vendor if the intended design can be translated to IFC, or replace the custom ramp with a conventional ramp only for the circulation condition assessment process. IFC currently supports the following classes of ramps, and those which are derived from the ramp class through the modification of their formal parameters.. Straight Run Ram Two Straight Run Ramp Quarter Turn Ramp Two Quarter Turn Ramp Half Turn Ramp Spiral Ramp Figure 5 section 2: Space Modeling 18

27 Particular care should be taken in order to attach ramps to their respective slabs. The model should not have isolated ramp elements, ramp objects need also to be continuous elements, they should connect to and be attached to the different levels of the building and their respective slabs. section 2: Space Modeling 19

28 section 03: Security Modeling Requirements GSA BIM Guide Series 006

29 Section 3: security modeling requirements Modeling security requirements Among the multiple requirements that separate courthouses from other building types, probably the most important ones are the security requirements. The US Courts Design Guide identifies the security requirements not only for spaces but also for security hardware for each space required for the correct functioning of US courthouses. For the purpose of Circulation Assessment during both Preliminary Concept Design and Final Concept design, A/Es will need to include basic security information, which allows the GSA Circulation Validation tool to verify the compliance of the security requirements identified in the US Courts Design Guide. The information required includes modeling of security screening areas, and security level of each space defined in the design. Security screening area - Most of times the design of the security screening area is done by including the space required for the screening equipment and security personal within a larger functionally subdivided space, such as the main lobby of the courthouse. The main purpose of the security screening area is to control the access of people and objects into the courthouse. Therefore, as a general rule the security screening area must completely block the passage from one side of the public space to the other. - Because the security screening area is considered a circulation space, A/Es do not need to identify the space defined for circulation purposes within the security screening area. The security screening area needs to be modeled as space and labeled with the specific name extracted from the validated name list contained in Appendix A of this guide.. - The modeling of the security screening area in US courthouses does not require of any particular modeling technique on the part of the designer. For detailed information on how to model a space refer to section 2 of this guide under Space modeling and space definition. On figure 6 it is possible to see the correct modeling of a security screening area, in this case the Security screening area is part of an functionally subdivided spaces. Therefore, it has been modeled used the protocol described in the section space modeling of functionally subdivided spaces of this guide. section 3: Security Modeling Requirements 21

30 For detailed information on modeling the security screening area in the BIM-authoring application validated by the National 3D- 4D-BIM Program, please refer to Appendix B of this guide. Figure 6 Definition of the security level attributes of spaces: The US Courts Design Guide makes specific definition of the security conditions needed for each of the spaces required for the correct functioning of US Courthouses, A/Es will need to identify within the Attributes of each space the security level as defined by the US Courts Design Guide. There should be no identified space without a security zone classification when submitting a BIM model to the GSA Circulation Validation Tool. When submitting their BIM models to the GSA Circulation Validation Tool, A/Es will need to include information regarding the space security level. A/Es will be able to set classification for space security levels after loading the BIM to GSA IFC resource kit, detailed information can be found on section 2 of this guide under The use of BIM to GSA IFC resource kit. section 3: Security Modeling Requirements 22

31 section 04: BIM-analysis rules GSA BIM Guide Series 006

32 section 4: BIM-analysis rules Section 4 will be completed after details of the reporting format have been developed section 4: BIM-analysis rules 24

33 acknowledgments The development of this provisional version of the GSA BIM Guide Series 006 has been a collaborative effort among a cadre of very knowledgeable consultants, working with a number of PBS associates in the Office of the Chief Architect and the different GSA regions. Significant contributors are listed below: GSA Public Buildings Service Charles Matta, FAIA Director, Center for Federal Buildings and Modernizations Office of the Chief Architect Calvin Kam, Ph.D. National 3D-4D-BIM Program Manager, Center for Federal Buildings and Modernizations Office of the Chief Architect GSA Consultants Peggy Ho Visiting Fellow to GSA, Stanford University Center for Integrated Facility Engineering (CIFE), Stanford, CA Heikki Kulusjärvi Managing Director, Solibri, Inc, Helsinki, Finland Richard See Managing Director, Digital Alchemy, Inc., Seattle, WA Pasi Paasiala Project Manager, Solibri, Inc, Helsinki, Finland Participating Vendors and Products Autodesk Architectural Desktop San Rafael, CA, USA with Inopso GmbH Neustadt, Germany Autodesk Revit San Rafael, CA, USA Bentley Architecture Exton, PA, USA Graphisoft ArchiCAD Budapest, Hungary Nemetschek - Munich, Germany acknowledgments 25

34 Appendix A Circulation Validation Naming Convention No. Space Name Description NOTES 1 Bankruptcy Administrator Suite 2 central holding facilities 3 clerk office suite 4 grand jury suite 5 judiciary-related offices Bankruptcy Administrator private office, estate analyst, administrative analyst, estate administrative clerks workstation, records/copier/work/storage area, shared printer area, reception, financial vault, conference/reference room. District and Bankruptcy Clerk Suite: Clerk Private office, clerk of court visiting office, executive secretary/reception, chief deputy clerk, manager, professional first-line supervisor, profession, administrative and line positions, operational and administrative first line supervisor, operational and administrative court support positions, counter and cashier workstation, queuing area/work areas, counter, accessory stand up work counter, coin operated copier area, records exam area, public access computer station, inactive, active and secured storage, work area, supplies equipment storage, financial vault, copier area, conference room, computer training room, facsimile, shared printer, evidence vault, shredder, exhibit storage room, mail work area, safe Grand Jury Suite: Entry Area, security workstation, jurors toilets, service unit, witness rooms, hearing room, video equipment closet and coat closet There are very few of these offices in the judicial system. It is an appeals division of the Bankruptcy Court. USMS space Logic - A US Attorneys Office is thought of as a collection of spaces (office, toilet, waiting, closet, conference). A District or Bankrupcy Clerk's Office is also a collection of spaces. A District Clerk's Office, as a collection of spaces, is not the same as a Judges Chambers Suite because a Judges Chambers Suite, although a collection of spaces, has a defined total square footage. A District Clerk's Office total SF of its aggregate spaces will depending on the size of the court, number of filings etc. "Judiciary Related Offices" is more a chapter title for spaces such as the Circuit Executive Offices, etc. The new Guide is specific about spaces so this term should not need to be mapped. 6 jury assembly Jury Assembly Area: check-in, jury clerk's office, coat closet, juror's toilets, service unit, vending area, juror lounge, orientation area, equipment storage, supplies storage Still under discussion if JURY ASSEMBLY will be defined to encompass all spaces related to the Jury ASSEMBLY or refer only to the JURY ASSEMBLY ROOM, the large open space with seating. Appendix A 1

35 jury facilities-can refer to grand jury, trial jury 7 or assembly 8 trial jury suite 9 USDC grand jury suite 10 urinalysis shared facility 11 Maintenance/building service spaces 12 shared staff facilities Jury Assembly Area: check-in, jury clerk's office, coat closet, juror's toilets, service unit, vending area, juror lounge, orientation area, equipment storage, supplies storage Trial Jury Suite: Sound lock entry, sworn jury custodian station, jurors' toilets, coat closet trial jury deliberation room, service unit exhibits display, video equipment closet. Grand Jury Suite: Entry Area, security workstation, jurors toilets, service unit,witness rooms, hearing room, video equipment closet and coat closet Trial Jury Suite: Sound lock entry, sworn jury custodian station, jurors' toilets, coat closet, trial jury deliberation room, service unit, exhibits display, video equipment closet. Jury Assembly Area: check-in, jury clerk's office, coat closet, juror's toilets, service unit, vending area, juror lounge, orientation area, equipment storage, supplies storage Trial Jury Suite: Sound lock entry, sworn jury custodian station, jurors' toilets, coat closet trial jury deliberation room, service unit exhibits display, video equipment closet. Grand Jury Suite: Entry Area, security workstation, jurors toilets, service unit witness rooms, hearing room, video equipment closet and coat closet SOUNDLOCK might be added as a defined space. 13 USMS area USMS or FPS Security Screening Station in Main Entrance 14 Attorney Work Room Attorney Work room 15 juror lounge Juror Lounge 16 staff lounge Staff Lounge 17 cafeteria 18 judge closet Judge's coat closet 19 coat closet 20 computer 21 Attorney Witness Room Attorney Witness Room 22 Bankruptcy administrator conference 23 Circuit Executive Conference 24 Magistrate Judges conference 25 USBC judge conference Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Appendix A 2

36 26 USCA judge conference 27 USDC judge conference 28 Attorney Witness Room conference 30 Joint use conference Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Bankruptcy Appellate Panel clerk suite: Clerk, attorney, deputy clerks, queuing work area, intake counter, accessory stand up work counter, records examination area, public access computer stations, shared printer areas, evidence vault, equipment storage, mail work/copier area, facsimile workstation, safe area, shredder, forms and supplies storage, coat closest, secured, active and inactive records storage, bulk storage, archival storage, financial vault, exhibit storage, 341 conference room. 31 conference 32 reference/conference Judges chambers reference/conference room 33 conference/library Judges chambers reference/conference room 34 staff corridor 35 exit corridor 36 service corridor 37 corridor 38 prisoner corridor 39 Magistrate Judges courtroom Magistrate Judge Courtroom 40 USBC courtroom Bankruptcy Judge Courtroom 41 USCA courtroom Appellate Courtroom (Panel or En Banc) 42 USDC courtroom District Judge Courtroom 43 judge elevator 44 prisoner elevator 45 judges elevator systems USMS space 46 USMS elevator 47 main entrance Main entrance can be ENTRY VEST. but is too broad. 48 equipment room 49 Audio-visual equipment room Audio- Video Equipment Room (near Courtroom) 50 Audio-visual Control Room 51 USMS Command and Control Center Additionally required space names? It is a room with people monitoring equipment; USMS space Appendix A 3

37 52 service elevator 53 hearing 54 prisoner HLDG. CELL 55 probation interview 56 pretrial interview 57 Magistrate judge chamber 58 USBC judge chamber 59 USCA judge chamber 60 Magistrate judges chamber suite 61 USBC judges chamber suite 62 USCA judges chamber suite 63 USDC judges chamber suite 64 USDC judge chamber 65 judge robing room Probation and Pretrial Services Interview Rooms (only provided when the officer's offices are 120 NSF) Probation and Pretrial Services Interview Rooms (only provided when the officer's offices are 120 NSF) Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. USMS space NOTE - no longer a "ROBING AREA" in DG; The robing/conference room that may be adjacent to a lower court ctrm can be identified as a CONFERENCE room in assignment drawings. Appendix A 4

38 66 jury assembly area Jury Assembly Area: check-in, jury clerk's office, coat closet, juror's toilets, service unit, vending area, juror lounge, orientation area, equipment storage, supplies storage 67 jury room Jury Deliberation Room 68 Probation testing room Probation and Pretrial Services Urinalysis Lab 69 circuit clerk office 70 clerk office Clerk's Office?? 71 jury clerk office Jury Assembly Area: check-in, jury clerk's office, coat closet, juror's toilets, service unit, vending area, juror lounge, orientation area, equipment storage, supplies storage 72 law clerk office 73 USBC clerk office Bankruptcy Judge Law Clerk? 74 USCA clerk office Circuit Judge Law Clerk? 75 USDC clerk office District Judge Law Clerk? This is NOT a law clerk 76 central court library 77 Library staff office office 78 loading dock 79 main lobby 80 lobby 81 Bankruptcy Administrator Office 82 circuit executive office - 83 District Court Executive Office Federal Public Defender's Trial Preparation 84 Suite 85 Staff Attorney Office 86 U.S. Attorney Office 87 U.S. Pretrial Services Office 88 U.S. Probation Services Office 89 U.S. Trustee office 90 USMS Office 91 executive office 92 staff office 93 Preargument/Conference Attorney Office 94 judge parking 95 USMS parking 96 parking Federal Public Defender's Trial Preparation Suite This is the formal title of the Court Unit This is the formal title of the Court Unit This is the formal title of the Court Unit This is the formal title of the Court Unit This is the formal title of the Court Unit This is the formal title of the Court Unit Appendix A 5

39 97 reception 98 Judicial Assistant Judicial Assistant 99 vehicular sally port 100 prisoner stairwell 101 clerk storage 102 bulk storage 103 equipment storage 104 furniture storage 105 Janitorial supplies storage 106 record storage 107 Client Property storage 108 Probation storage Electronic Monitoring Equipment 109 storage/repair room 110 clerk toilet 111 judge chamber toilet 112 juror toilet 113 staff toilet 114 Probation toilet client property storage room - this is in the federal public defenders office. May possibly no longer be in Guide (FMZ). The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. The different categories in space assign guide for storage are under review. 115 vending 116 soundlock SOUNDLOCK might be added as a defined space. 117 vestibule Judges Chambers Suite: Judges Chambers (private office), vestibule, judicial assistant workstation, reception, coat closet, conference/reference room, service unit, copier/fax/file, law clerks private offices, judge's private toilet. 118 witness waiting 119 waiting 120 work area 121 work room 122 news media room News Media Room 123 security screening area USMS or FPS Security Screening Station in Main Entrance Appendix A 6

40 124 Court reporter/recorder facilities Court Reporter/Interpreter Facility (near Courtroom or Chambers) 125 USBC Ancillary spaces 126 USDC Ancillary spaces Attorney/Witness Rooms, Public Waiting, Audio Video Closet, Exhibit Storage, Court Reporter/Interpreter Facility (District Judge Courtroom Associated Spaces) Appendix A 7

41 Appendix B Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Autodesk Architectural Desktop Appendix B 8

42 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Autodesk Revit Appendix B 9

43 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Bentley Architecture Appendix B 10

44 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Gerhy technologies Digital Project Appendix B 11

45 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Graphisoft ArchiCAD Appendix B 12

46 Modeling for the GSA circulation Validation tool using Nemetschek Vectorworks Appendix B 13

47 For further information about this GSA BIM Guide Series: 06 BIM Guide Circulation and Security Validation or to submit comments or questions, please visit the National 3D-4D-BIM webpage at or contact: The National 3D-4D-BIM Program Office of the Chief Architect Public Buildings Service U.S. General Services Administration 1800 F Street NW Suite 3341 Washington, DC