OWNER S MANUAL. Model M700 Series Solar LED Marine Lanterns M701-5 M702-5

Transcription

1 OWNER S MANUAL Model M700 Series Solar LED Marine Lanterns M701-5 M702-5

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3 Contents 1.0 Introduction Installing a Lantern Infrared Programmer Setting up the Programmer Programming a Lantern Transitioning the Lantern Programming Sequence Entering the Security Code Resetting the Factory Default Settings Changing the Flash Pattern Automatic Light Control Adjusting the Level Turning ALC off or on Changing the Daylight Control Levels Storing a Lantern Storage Mode Sleep Mode Turning the Lantern On Testing the Battery Recharging a Lantern Appendices Appendix A: Appendix B: Frequently Asked Questions...20 Glossary of Terms...21 Appendix C: Infrared Programmer...22 C-1: Setting Up the Programmer...22 Appendix D: Programming a Lantern...23 D-1: Transitioning the Lantern...23 D-2: Programming Sequence...24 D-3: Entering the Security Code...25 D-4: Resetting the Factory Default Settings...26 D-5: Changing the Flash Pattern...26 D-6: Automatic Light Control...27 D-7: Adjusting the Level...27 D-8: Changing the Daylight Control Levels...28 Appendix E: Storing a Lantern...30 E-1: Storage Mode...30 E-2: Sleep Mode...30 E-3: Turning the Lantern On Carmanah Technologies Corporation

4 Appendix F: Appendix G: Testing the Battery...31 Flash Codes...32 Appendix H: Candela and Ranges for LEDs...40 H-1: Candela and Range for Amber LEDs...40 H-2: Candela and Range for Green LEDs...49 H-3: Candela and Range for Red LEDs...58 H-4: Candela and Range for White LEDs...67 Appendix I: Warranty and Customer Service...76 I-1: Warranty...76 I-2: Customer Service...76 I-3: Additional Products Carmanah Technologies Corporation

5 1.0 Introduction Carmanah Model M700 Series lanterns are small and self-contained with all the functionality of a highly sophisticated traditional lantern. Using modern microprocessor electronics and LED technology, Carmanah has produced a lantern that revolutionizes light technology. Carmanah marine lanterns are designed for use as aids-to-navigation on small buoys, in marinas, rivers, harbors, and aquaculture installations, to mark dredging operations, and for a host of other applications where hazard lighting is required. The Energy Management System (EMS) in Carmanah marine lanterns provides precise control of the power output to the LEDs, and incorporates many advanced features, such as: selecting any flash pattern from over 200 in use around the world adjusting the light intensity for each flash pattern to keep the power demand (and autonomy) constant adjusting the intensity (power demand) of the lantern to suit the available solar energy automatically adjusting the light control function to ensure that the lantern continues to operate in the event of poor solar illumination or if the intensity level is set too high for a particular location a recharging mode that uses almost no energy at night (only two very short pulses every minute); a lantern placed outside to recharge will store the solar energy absorbed during the day a testing mode for measuring the state of the battery Carmanah Technologies Corporation

6 2.0 Installing a Lantern To install an M700 Series lantern you must: select an appropriate location ensure the vent valve is unobstructed When selecting a location, the two most important factors to consider are adequate sunlight and ambient temperature. As an option, you can install security fasteners to prevent theft of the lantern. Additionally, you can install a Carmanah bird deterrent to prevent the dome panel of the lantern from being blocked by bird effluent, particularly in locations with high concentrations of birds, for example, seabirds. Adequate Sunlight Suitable Ambient Temperature The M700 Series lanterns are solar-powered; therefore, to operate each night it requires an adequate amount of sunlight to recharge its batteries. The amount of sunlight available must correspond to the intensity settings on the lantern. To operate continuously at 100% intensity, the lantern requires an average of three hours of sunlight per day; to operate continuously at 25% intensity it requires 45 minutes of sunlight. During the winter season, the sun is lower on the horizon. Be aware that obstructions such as trees, buildings, and mountains, that do not shade the lantern during the summer, may shade it during the winter. It is important to ensure the lantern is not in the shade. The temperature of the batteries in the lantern during recharging and discharging affects the lifespan of the rechargeable battery power system and consequently the overall lifespan of the lantern. A Carmanah marine lantern is expected to last five years when its batteries recharge and discharge at temperatures between 22 to 122 F ( 30 to 50 C). Ambient temperatures higher than 122 F (50 C) dur ing recharging and discharging reduce the lifespan of the lantern. See Table 7-1: Battery Storage and Charging for additional information. For marine applications, the ideal installation is on a metal structure in direct contact with the water, with the lantern being as close to the water as possible. Locations, such as black rooftops and tarmac, which may have ambient temperatures over 122 F (50 C), must be avoided. The M700 Series lanterns are designed with a safety vent valve on the base of the unit. This vent is installed in the unlikely event that the battery inside the unit overheats and vents gases. Every battery manufacturer recommends that batteries be vented. The vent is a one-way valve, so there is no compromise to the integrity of the waterproof design of the unit. To ensure that the vent valve is unobstructed, install 1 or 2 stainless steel washers between the lantern and the mounting surface. Do not glue the lantern to the mounting surface as this will obstruct the one-way vent valve and prevent the valve from operating properly Carmanah Technologies Corporation

7 3.0 Infrared Programmer All functions of an M700 Series lantern are controlled by an infrared programmer. Carmanah currently supports both the original and the updated infrared programmers. The only difference between the two programmers is the faceplate; all other functionality remains the same. See Appendix C: Infrared Programmer to program the lantern using the original Carmanah programmer. The infrared sensor inside the lantern accepts the commands from the programmer. The programmer enables you to customize the lantern s functions as follows: set the flash pattern adjust the intensity to suit the solar conditions set the lux level at which the lantern will turn off or on test the lantern Once the settings are programmed, the lantern can be placed in a box for storage or shipping. The lantern automatically turns off after 24 hours, and re-starts with all the previously programmed functions when taken out of the box and installed. Table 3-1: Programmer Buttons describes the buttons on the programmer. Table 3-1: Programmer Buttons Button or Symbol Description The Start button must be pressed to initiate any programming sequence. The Enter button is used to end the programming sequence. This symbol indicates that a numerical entry is required. Every numerical entry is always three digits. Table 3-2: Lantern Programming Symbols describes the symbols used in this manual to indicate the response from an M700 Series lantern during programming. Table 3-2: Lantern Programming Symbols Symbol Description The single burst symbol represents the 80 millisecond flash from the lantern indicating a correct entry. The double burst symbol represents two longer flashes from the lantern which indicates an incorrect entry. The code has not been accepted and you must restart the programming sequence. The triple burst symbol represents three quick flashes from the lantern indicating that the code has been accepted. 3.1 Setting up the Programmer Install two new AAA batteries. If the lantern does not respond to the programmer, remove and re-insert the batteries and repeat the Programming Instructions for the required function Carmanah Technologies Corporation

8 4.0 Programming a Lantern The default factory settings for the M700 Series lanterns are: sequence code 064 flash pattern (0.5 seconds on, 3.5 seconds off) 100% intensity level sensitivity set for unit to turn on at 70 lux and off at 100 lux turned off (code 000 has been entered) Before you program the settings you must transition the lantern and enter the security code. You can then program the settings listed in Table 4-1: Programmable Settings. Table 4-1: Programmable Settings Setting Section Reset factory default settings 4.4 Change the flash pattern 4.5 Set automatic light control 4.6 Change the daylight control levels 0 Turn the lantern off 5.0 Turn the lantern on 5.3 The infrared sensor in the lantern responds to commands from the programmer for 1 minute after each transition of the lantern. The infrared sensor consumes a considerable amount of power and, therefore, switches off automatically after 1 minute to conserve power. See Appendix D: Programming a Lantern to program the lantern using the original Carmanah programmer. 4.1 Transitioning the Lantern Before you can make any changes to the settings, you must transition the lantern from night to day or vice versa. After transitioning the lantern you must enter the security code in order to proceed with programming the lantern; see section 4.3 Entering the Security Code. Transitioning a new lantern 1. Remove the lantern from the shipping box and place it under an incandescent light for at least 10 seconds. 2. Move the lantern into darkness and wait 10 seconds. 3. Point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, proceed with programming. 4. If the lantern does not respond with a flash, leave the lantern under the light for an additional 10 to 20 seconds. 5. While the lantern is still exposed to the light, point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, it is ready for programming Carmanah Technologies Corporation

9 Transitioning an installed lantern During the day: 1. Cover the lantern with an opaque material for at least 10 seconds. When the lantern begins to flash, it is ready for programming. At night: 1. Force a transition to day by placing the lantern under an incandescent light for at least 10 seconds. 2. Point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, proceed with programming. Transitioning a stored lantern Stored outside: 1. If the lantern is stored outside and turned off using code 000, bring it inside or cover it with an opaque material for 10 seconds. 2. If the lantern was turned off using code 000 it can only be reactivated using the programmer; point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button. If the lantern responds with a flash it is ready for programming. If the lantern does not respond, wait another 10 seconds or repeatedly press the Start button. Stored inside: 1. If the lantern was stored inside and left to automatically turn off after 24 hours without using code 000, place it under an incandescent light source for at least 10 seconds, then cover it with an opaque material. When the lantern begins flashing, it is ready for programming. 4.2 Programming Sequence The infrared sensor in the lantern responds to commands from the programmer for 1 minute after each transition of the lantern. The infrared sensor consumes a considerable amount of power and switches off automatically after 1 minute to conserve power. You can program multiple settings within one session by pressing any button within the 1 minute window that the infrared sensor is on. Pressing the Start button causes the infrared sensor to remain on for an additional minute from the time the Start button was pressed. If the Start button is not pressed within the 1 minute window you must re-transition the lantern and re-enter the security code to complete or continue programming the lantern. When programming an M700 Series lantern, the key sequence on the programmer and the responding flash sequence from the lantern is always in the format shown in Figure 4-1: Programming Sequence, regardless of the settings being configured. Figure 4-1: Programming Sequence Press Start Single flash from the lantern Press the first number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press the second number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press the third number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press Enter Single flash from the lantern Do not press the buttons on the programmer too fast; do not proceed until you see a flash from the lantern Carmanah Technologies Corporation

10 After the programming sequence is complete one of the flash patterns described in Table 4-2: Programming Completion displays. The flash pattern indicates whether or not the programming was successful. Table 4-2: Programming Completion Programming Result Flash Pattern Description Successful Unsuccessful Three quick consecutive flashes indicate that the code has been accepted. You will see this flash after every successful entry. Two longer flashes indicate that the code has not been accepted. Restart the programming sequence. Figure 4-2: Successful Programming Sequence Figure 4-3: Unsuccessful Programming Sequence An unsuccessful programming sequence for an M700 Series lantern occurs for one of the following reasons: the lantern does not recognize the sequence, or the lantern has not received the correct security code If the programming sequence is unsuccessful, re-enter the key sequence for the required code. If programming sequence is still unsuccessful, re-enter the security code. 4.3 Entering the Security Code After the lantern is transitioned, you must enter the programming security code before you can make any changes to the settings of an M700 Series lantern. You must enter the security code every time the lantern is transitioned. The security code is 753. You can enter the security code only once per transition. Any attempt to enter the security code more than once will result in an error response. Entering the security code 1. Transition the lantern. 2. Enter the security code: Once the security code has been successfully entered, you can program the settings listed in Table 4-1: Programmable Settings Carmanah Technologies Corporation

11 4.4 Resetting the Factory Default Settings Carmanah recommends that you return the lantern to its factory default settings so that the lantern is at a known state before programming settings. The factory default settings code resets the following factory default settings: sequence code 064 flash pattern (0.5 seconds on, 3.5 seconds off) 100% level of intensity sensitivity set for unit to turn on at 70 lux and off at 100 lux Enter the factory default settings code after the security code and before any other programming codes. The factory default settings code is 911. Resetting the factory default settings 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings Changing the Flash Pattern You can change the flash pattern of the lantern by entering a flash code. See Appendix G: Flash Codes for the list of flash codes. The flash code resets all the previously entered settings, such as, the sensitivity level, intensity level, etc. to avoid any confusion that may arise from multiple users or programmers. The flash code must be entered before any other setting codes are entered. Entering the flash code Enter a new flash code only if you want to change the flash pattern from the default setting. 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Program the new flash pattern by entering the required flash code; see Appendix G: Flash Codes. where # is a number of the flash code; see Appendix G: Flash Codes After successfully entering a flash code, the lantern flashes for 1 minute as programmed; allowing you to ensure that correct flash pattern is programmed into the lantern. The infrared sensor remains on while the lantern displays the programmed flash pattern. If required, you can interrupt the flash pattern at any time by pressing the Start button and enter a different code. After the minute of flashing, the lantern either switches off (if it is in the light) or continues flashing (if it is in the dark) Carmanah Technologies Corporation

12 4.6 Automatic Light Control The Automatic Light Control (ALC) function of the M700 Series lanterns monitors the battery voltage and reduces the lantern s intensity level if the lantern is not receiving sufficient solar charging to maintain the battery voltage. If a lantern is set at the correct intensity setting for the available solar illumination, ALC is not required except in unusual circumstances of poor solar illumination. If the lantern is manually set at a higher intensity than can constantly be maintained, it will operate at that higher intensity during the summer months, but will turn itself down during the winter months in incremental steps. If you do not want the intensity level reduced automatically, you must turn ALC off; see section Turning ALC off or on. If ALC is turned off, you must set the intensity of the lantern at a level that the lantern can sustain; see section Adjusting the Level. Contact a Carmanah Sales Engineer to perform a lantern solar simulation if you are unsure of what intensity level is sustainable for your particular location and flash code Adjusting the Level The M700 Series lanterns have four intensity levels; see Table 4-3: Level Programming. Each intensity level has limit to its maximum power consumption. The power consumption for each intensity level is based on a minimum autonomy. The autonomy is the length of time that the lantern produces light with no solar charging. For example, if the lantern is programmed to be on for 0.5 seconds out of every 2 seconds, the duty cycle is 25%. To improve the autonomy of the light, the LEDs can be strobed during the 0.5 second interval that they are scheduled to be on. If the selected intensity level is less than the stated duty cycle of the flash pattern, the effective range of the light may be reduced and the autonomy increased. Table 4-3: Level Programming lists the intensity level, autonomy threshold, and programming code for each intensity level. The range information for each flash pattern and color (amber, green, red, and white) is available in Appendix H: Candela and Ranges for LEDs. Table 4-3: Level Programming Level Autonomy threshold 1 is set at the highest level possible while ensuring at least: 2 Model Model Level Programming Code 100% intensity 90 hours autonomy 150 hours autonomy % intensity 120 hours autonomy 200 hours autonomy % intensity 190 hours autonomy 300 hours autonomy % intensity 380 hours autonomy 600 hours autonomy Notes: 1. Based on 25% duty cycle. 2. Based on USCG definition of autonomy, 100% SoC to 20% SoC NO SUN. (SoC = State of Charge) The intensity level corresponds to the level of solar energy required to run the lantern on a sustainable basis. Table 4-4: Hours of Sunlight Required to Maintain shows the number of hours of sunlight (or sunlight equivalent) required to fully charge an M700 Series lantern at the four different intensity levels. Adjusting the intensity affects the visible range of the light, depending on how much the intensity is reduced Carmanah Technologies Corporation

13 Table 4-4: Hours of Sunlight Required to Maintain 1 Minimum Autonomy Hours of Sunlight Required 2 Setting Model Model Model Model % 90 hours 150 hours 6 hours 3 hours 75% 120 hours 200 hours 4.4 hours 2.2 hours 50% 190 hours 300 hours 3 hours 1.5 hours 25% 380 hours 600 hours 1.5 hours 0.75 hours Notes: 1. All flashing light specifications are based on a 12.5% duty cycle (code flashes per minute). 2. Based on solar insolation of 1 kw/m 2 /hour. Entering the intensity level code The intensity level must be entered only after the flash code because the flash code resets the intensity level to 100%. 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Enter the flash code (if required). Program the required intensity level by entering the required code; see Table 4-3: Level Programming. 3 where # is a number of the programming code for the intensity level; see Table 4-3: Level Programming After successfully entering the intensity level code, the lantern flashes for 1 minute as programmed; allowing you to ensure that correct intensity level is programmed into the lantern Turning ALC off or on Turning ALC off prevents the lantern from automatically adjusting the intensity level of the programmed flash pattern based on the battery voltage. If ALC is turned off, you must set the required intensity level for the lantern to a setting that is sustainable year-round. Turning ALC on allows the lantern to automatically adjust the intensity level of the programmed flash pattern based on the battery voltage. The ALC function in the M701-5 and M702-5 also includes a lock-out feature, allowing you to turn off ALC and lock it in that state using a single IR input sequence. The advantage of using this method is that the command is stored in non-volatile memory, protecting ALC from being re-activated by power-cycling and resets. IR programmer input code turns off ALC and locks it in the off state; code is used to release the lock, allowing access and use of codes and The use of does NOT automatically turn ALC on. If you wish to turn ALC on after releasing the ALC lock using 9 8 1, you may do so using the code Carmanah Technologies Corporation

14 Turning ALC off 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter the flash code (if required). 4. Enter code to turn ALC off Turning ALC on 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter the flash code (if required). 4. Enter code to turn ALC on Turning ALC off and locking it in the OFF state 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter the flash code (if required). 4. Enter code to turn off ALC and lock it in the off state Removing ALC lock and returning ALC back to the ON state 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to remove the ALC lock. 4. Enter code to turn ALC on Carmanah Technologies Corporation

15 Note from the above instructions that use of simply unlocks the ALC section of the programming it does not turn ALC back on. To return the lantern to the default ALC ON setting, subsequent use of is needed. 4.7 Changing the Daylight Control Levels An M700 Series lantern constantly measures the ambient light level and is programmed to turn on and off based on the amount of ambient light. If you require more or less sensitivity to the ambient light levels for activating and deactivating the lantern, you can change the daylight control level settings. The default settings for the ambient light levels required to activate and deactivate the lantern are set at the factory as follows: On: ambient light level is less than 70 lux Off: ambient light level is more than 100 lux The light level codes for programming the level of ambient light at which the lantern turns on and off are listed in Table 4-5: Daylight Control Level Codes. Activating the lantern earlier in the evening decreases its autonomy, and activating it later increases its autonomy. Table 4-5: Daylight Control Level Codes Light Level in Lux for Lanterns to Turn On Light Level in Lux for Lanterns to Turn Off Daylight Control Programming Code Changing the daylight control levels 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Enter the flash code (if required). 5. Program the required light sensitivity level code; see Table 4-5: Daylight Control Level Codes. where # is a number of the code for the light sensitivity level; see Table 4-5: Daylight Control Level Codes Carmanah Technologies Corporation

16 5.0 Storing a Lantern You can store or ship a lantern by placing it in either storage mode or sleep mode. Store a lantern if is not going to be used for an extended period of time or if is being shipped to an alternate location and you do not want it to turn on during transit. When you store a lantern ensure that it is fully charged. The batteries must not be stored in a discharged state. Elevated storage temperatures increase the rate of battery self-discharge. The optimum storage temperature for a lantern is 68 F (20 C) or cooler. Check the batte ry level of the lantern at least every 3 months. For more information on testing the lantern battery see section 6.0 Testing the Battery. For information on charging the lantern, see section 7.0 Recharging a Lantern. The M700 Series marine lanterns utilize lead acid cells; therefore, if the lanterns are placed in storage, the cells must be well-charged and maintained. Failure to properly maintain the voltage levels according to the schedule in Table 7-1: Battery Storage and Charging will result in cell damage, thereby, reducing autonomy and functionality. Lanterns with damaged cells due to improper maintenance are not covered under warranty. See Appendix E: Storing a Lantern to program the lantern using the original Carmanah programmer. 5.1 Storage Mode Using the storage code to turn the lantern off for storage or shipping allows the lantern to recharge in sunlight without the need to transition or reprogram. With the storage code, the lantern charges during the day and does not turn on at night. The lantern remains off until it is transitioned and turned on by entering the security code using the programmer. The storage code is 000. Use the storage code when: the lantern is being shipped to a location where there is an available programmer for turning the lantern on the lantern will be exposed to intermittent light; for example, it is not sealed in a box the lantern is being recharged using daylight; turning the lantern off prevents it from turning on at night and using the charge gained during the day Placing the lantern in storage mode 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter the storage code to place the lantern in storage mode Sleep Mode A lantern automatically enters sleep mode (switches off) when placed in darkness for 24 hours. If you are storing the unit in sleep mode, do not expose it to light again until it is to be deployed. When in sleep mode, the lantern turns on for 24 hours every time it senses light Carmanah Technologies Corporation

17 5.3 Turning the Lantern On The lantern only needs to be turned on if it has been turned off using code 000. To turn the lantern on you must transition the lantern and enter the security code; see section 4.3 Entering the Security Code. Entering the security code cancels the off function. Once the lantern is on, the infrared sensor is turned on for 1 minute and you can program the lantern as usual Carmanah Technologies Corporation

18 6.0 Testing the Battery Storing a lantern in a low state of charge will damage the battery and cause it to lose its ability to hold a charge. To determine the state of the batteries in a lantern, transition the lantern, if needed, and enter code 810; the lantern will respond with a series of flashes. If the lantern responds with eight flashes or fewer, recharge the lantern until it responds with 10 flashes (100% usable battery charge); see section 7.0 Recharging a Lantern. Each flash represents 10% of the operational voltage range of the lantern. See Appendix F: Testing the Battery to program the lantern using the original Carmanah programmer. Testing the lantern battery 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to test the battery. 4. Count the number of flashes from the lantern; for example, 9 flashes represent a 90% charge. The flashes from the lantern indicating the state of the batteries is shown twice. The first set of flashes displays 2 seconds after entering the test code; the second set of flashes displays after a 3 second display; the lantern returns to its programmed flash pattern after a 2 second delay Carmanah Technologies Corporation

19 7.0 Recharging a Lantern If the lantern is in use and in a low battery state, it displays a single quick flash once every minute. The flash indicates that the lantern must be charged. The lantern cannot be programmed or transitioned until it is charged. The lantern must also be charged if it has a charge of 80% or less while in storage or sleep mode. Charge the lantern in accordance with the recommended minimum frequencies listed in Table 7-1: Battery Storage and Charging in conjunction with the guidelines for hours of charging with different light sources presented in Table 7-2: Charging Alternatives. Following the guidelines ensures that the lantern is charged safely and the battery is kept fully charged over extended storage periods. Table 7-1: Battery Storage and Charging Storage Temperature C F Recharge Interval (Months) 20 or lower 68 or lower or more To recharge a lantern, turn it off using the storage code and follow the guidelines in Table 7-2: Charging Alternatives. The battery will not recharge under fluorescent lighting. Placing the light source too close to the lantern will overheat the solar panel and void the warranty. Table 7-2: Charging Alternatives Light Source Distance from Solar Panel Hours to Charge from 10% to 100% 500 W halogen 24 inches (60 cm) 60 W incandescent light bulb 12 inches (30 cm) 60 W tungsten in reflector housing (desk lamp) 2 inches (5 cm) Direct sunlight (turn lantern off using code 000) 250 (M701) 300 (M702) 75 (M701) 75 (M702) Carmanah Technologies Corporation

20 8.0 Appendices Appendix A: Frequently Asked Questions This section lists some frequently asked questions regarding Carmanah lanterns. If you have questions that are not answered through this manual, contact Carmanah Technologies Corporation; see Appendix I: Warranty and Customer Service. Q: The lantern is not responding to the infrared programmer. What is wrong? A: Ensure that the batteries in the remote are installed and still charged, and that the remote has been initialized correctly. Ensure that the lantern is subjected to a transition from light to dark, or dark to light. The transition turns on the infrared sensor for 1 minute. Ensure that the lantern is not in direct sunlight or immediately next to a television or computer monitor. Q: Your brightness measurements are in candelas. What s that in watts? A: Watts are not a measurement of light. Watts are a measure of how much energy a light bulb consumes, not how much light it produces. In incandescent light bulbs only a small percentage of the energy consumed is converted to light and the rest is dissipated as heat. A light bulb running at 120 V using 0.5 A current is known as a 60 W light bulb since it consumes 60 W of electricity. LED lanterns are very efficient in that nearly all the energy consumed is converted to light rather than heat. Q: It s been raining a lot here. Will my lantern stop working? A: A Carmanah lantern is a solar light and it does require solar energy to work. However, it can run for 150 hours at full intensity, or 600 hours at low intensity without recharging. Q: Why is there a small hole at the base of an M700 Series lantern? Isn t it waterproof? A: The M700 Series lanterns are designed with a safety vent valve on the base of the unit. This vent is installed in the unlikely event that the battery inside the unit overheats and vents gases. Every battery manufacturer recommends that batteries be vented. The vent is a one-way valve, so there is no compromise to the integrity of the waterproof design of the lantern. Q: My lantern has stopped working. What do I do? A: If the lantern emits very brief flashes once a minute when placed in the dark, it means that the batteries have discharged and require recharging. See section 7.0 Recharging a Lantern for information on how to properly charge the lantern. If the lantern is not flashing in the dark, program it with the programmer. If it does not respond to the programmer after a transition, it may indicate that the lantern is turned off. Turn it on by entering the security code. If the lantern does not respond to the programmer or produce flashes in the dark, the batteries may be completely discharged. Try re-charging the lantern under a 100 W bulb for several days. If the lantern still does not function correctly, contact Carmanah Technologies. Q: What happens if birds perch on the lantern? A: Although the top of a lantern does not have a bird deterrent to deter birds, we have not had problems with bird excrement accumulating on the domes; the solar panel is domed and relatively self-cleaning when it rains. An optional bird deterrent is available. Q: Can I glue a bird deterrent to the top of the lantern? A: Gluing the bird deterrent to the lantern is not recommended as it may prevent the lantern from functioning properly.. Q: Are the lights bullet-proof? A: Carmanah does not guarantee that the units are bullet-proof Carmanah Technologies Corporation

21 Appendix B: Glossary of Terms Autonomy: The length of time a lantern can produce light without recharging. Candela: The standard measure of luminous intensity based on the response of the human eye. Duty Cycle: The amount of time the lantern flashes over an entire cycle of flash pattern. For example, a pattern of 0.5 seconds on, 3.5 seconds off has a 12.5% duty cycle or 0.5s/4s (time on/total time). Effective : The amount of brightness the human eye perceives. Equivalent : The average brightness a flashing light emits. Fixed Light: A light showing continuously and steadily. Flash Character: The properties of a lantern that distinguish its appearance (its flash character). Flashing Light: A lantern in which the total duration of light in a period is shorter than the total duration of darkness, and the appearance of light (flashes) are usually of equal duration. : The quantity (in candelas) of light reaching the eye of an observer after the light emitted by a source has gone through a lens, filter, or protective covering. Lux: 1 candela s brightness at 1 meter s distance = 1 lux. Nominal Range: The luminous range of a light when the meteorological visibility is 18nm (T=0.74). Peak : The maximum brightness a light emits. Signal Color: The color of the light exiting the lantern, for example, red, green, white; defined by its charted chromaticity coordinates or the wavelength of the light (in nanometers). Vertical Divergence: Angle over which the light exits the lantern in the vertical axis. A greater vertical divergence increases the allowable tilt of the lantern but reduces the intensity of the light Carmanah Technologies Corporation

22 Appendix C: Infrared Programmer All functions of Model M700 Series lanterns are controlled by an infrared programmer. Carmanah currently supports both the original and the updated infrared programmers. The only difference between the two programmers is the faceplate; all other functionality remains the same. The infrared sensor inside the lantern accepts the commands from the programmer. The programmer enables you to customize the lantern s functions as follows: set the flash pattern adjust the intensity to suit the solar conditions set the lux level at which the lantern will turn off or on test the lantern Once the settings are programmed, the lantern can be placed in a box for storage or shipping. The lantern automatically turns off after 24 hours, and re-starts with all the previously programmed functions when taken out of the box and installed. Table 8-1: Programmer Buttons describes the buttons on the programmer. Table 8-1: Programmer Buttons Button or Symbol Description The Start button must be pressed to initiate any programming sequence. The Enter button is used to end the programming sequence. This symbol indicates that a numerical entry is required. Every numerical entry is always three digits. Table 8-2: Lantern Programming Symbols describes the symbols used in this manual to indicate the response from the M700 Series lantern during programming. Table 8-2: Lantern Programming Symbols Symbol Description The single burst symbol represents the 80 millisecond flash from the lantern indicating a correct entry. The double burst symbol represents two longer flashes from the lantern which indicates an incorrect entry. The code has not been accepted and you must restart the programming sequence. The triple burst symbol represents three quick flashes from the lantern indicating that the code has been accepted. C-1: Setting Up the Programmer Install two new AAA batteries. If the lantern does not respond to the programmer, remove and re-insert the batteries and repeat the Programming Instructions for the required function Carmanah Technologies Corporation

23 Appendix D: Programming a Lantern The default factory settings for the M700 Series lanterns are: sequence code 064 flash pattern (0.5 seconds on, 3.5 seconds off) 100% intensity level sensitivity set for unit to turn on at 70 lux and off at 100 lux turned off (code 000 has been entered) Before you program the settings you must transition the lantern and enter the security code. You can then program the settings listed in Table 8-3: Programmable Settings. Table 8-3: Programmable Settings Setting Section Reset factory default settings 4.4 Change the flash pattern 4.5 Set automatic light control 4.6 Change the daylight control levels 0 Turn the lantern off 5.0 Turn the lantern on 5.3 The infrared sensor in the lantern responds to commands from the programmer for 1 minute after each transition of the lantern. The infrared sensor consumes a considerable amount of power and, therefore, switches off automatically after 1 minute to conserve power. D-1: Transitioning the Lantern Before you can make any changes to the settings, you must transition the lantern from night to day or vice versa. After transitioning the lantern you must enter the security code in order to proceed with programming the lantern; see section D-3: Entering the Security Code. Transitioning a new lantern 1. Remove the lantern from the shipping box and place it under an incandescent light for at least 10 seconds. 2. Move the lantern into darkness and wait 10 seconds. 3. Point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, proceed with programming. 4. If the lantern does not respond with a flash, leave the lantern under the light for an additional 10 to 20 seconds. 5. While the lantern is still exposed to the light, point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, it is ready for programming. Transitioning an installed lantern During the day: 1. Cover the lantern with an opaque material for at least 10 seconds. When the lantern begins to flash, it is ready for programming Carmanah Technologies Corporation

24 At night: 1. Force a transition to day by placing the lantern under an incandescent light for at least 10 seconds. 2. Point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button; when the lantern responds with a flash, proceed with programming. Transitioning a stored lantern Stored outside: 1. If the lantern is stored outside and turned off using code 000, bring it inside or cover it with an opaque material for 10 seconds. 2. If the lantern was turned off using code 000 it can only be reactivated using the programmer; point the programmer at the lantern and press the Start button. If the lantern responds with a flash it is ready for programming. If the lantern does not respond, wait another 10 seconds or repeatedly press the Start button. Stored inside: 1. If the lantern was stored inside and left to automatically turn off after 24 hours without using code 000, place it under an incandescent light source for at least 10 seconds, then cover it with an opaque material. When the lantern begins flashing, it is ready for programming. D-2: Programming Sequence The infrared sensor in the lantern responds to commands from the programmer for 1 minute after each transition of the lantern. The infrared sensor consumes a considerable amount of power and switches off automatically after 1 minute to conserve power. You can program multiple settings within one session by pressing any button within the 1 minute window that the infrared sensor is on. Pressing the Start button causes the infrared sensor to remain on for an additional minute from the time the Start button was pressed. If the Start button is not pressed within the 1 minute window you must re-transition the lantern and re-enter the security code to complete or continue programming the lantern. When programming an M700 Series lantern, the key sequence on the programmer and the responding flash sequence from the lantern is always in the format shown in Figure 8-1: Programming Sequence, regardless of the settings being configured. Figure 8-1: Programming Sequence Press Start Single flash from the lantern Press the first number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press the second number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press the third number of the code Single flash from the lantern Press Enter Single flash from the lantern Do not press the buttons on the programmer too fast; do not proceed until you see a flash from the lantern. After the programming sequence is complete one of the flash patterns described in Table 8-4: Programming Completion displays. The flash pattern indicates whether or not the programming was successful Carmanah Technologies Corporation

25 Table 8-4: Programming Completion Programming Result Flash Pattern Description Successful Unsuccessful Three quick consecutive flashes indicate that the code has been accepted. You will see this flash after every successful entry. Two longer flashes indicate that the code has not been accepted. Restart the programming sequence. Figure 8-2: Successful Programming Sequence Figure 8-3: Unsuccessful Programming Sequence An unsuccessful programming sequence for the M700 Series lantern occurs for one of the following reasons: the lantern does not recognize the sequence, or the lantern has not received the correct security code If the programming sequence is unsuccessful, re-enter the key sequence for the required code. If programming sequence is still unsuccessful, re-enter the security code. D-3: Entering the Security Code After the lantern is transitioned, you must enter the programming security code before you can make any changes to the M700 Series lantern s settings. You must enter the security code every time the lantern is transitioned. The security code is 753. You can enter the security code only once per transition. Any attempt to enter the security code more than once will result in an error response. Entering the security code 1. Transition the lantern. 2. Enter the security code: Once the security code has been successfully entered, you can program the settings listed in Table 8-3: Programmable Settings Carmanah Technologies Corporation

26 D-4: Resetting the Factory Default Settings Carmanah recommends that you return the lantern to its factory default settings so that the lantern is at a known state before programming settings. The factory default settings code resets the following factory default settings: sequence code 064 flash pattern (0.5 seconds on, 3.5 seconds off) 100% level of intensity sensitivity set for unit to turn on at 70 lux and off at 100 lux Enter the factory default settings code after the security code and before any other programming codes. The factory default settings code is 911. Resetting the factory default settings 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings D-5: Changing the Flash Pattern You can change the flash pattern of the lantern by entering a flash code. See Appendix G: Flash Codes for the list of flash codes. The flash code resets all the previously entered settings, such as, the sensitivity level, intensity level, etc. to avoid any confusion that may arise from multiple users or programmers. The flash code must be entered before any other setting codes are entered. Entering the flash code Enter a new flash code only if you want to change the flash pattern from the default setting. 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Program the new flash pattern by entering the required flash code; see Appendix G: Flash Codes. where # is a number of the flash code; see Appendix G: Flash Codes After successfully entering a flash code, the lantern flashes for 1 minute as programmed; allowing you to ensure that correct flash pattern is programmed into the lantern. The infrared sensor remains on while the lantern displays the programmed flash pattern. If required, you can interrupt the flash pattern at any time by pressing the Start button and enter a different code. After the minute of flashing, the lantern either switches off (if it is in the light) or continues flashing (if it is in the dark) Carmanah Technologies Corporation

27 D-6: Automatic Light Control The Automatic Light Control (ALC) function of the M700 Series lantern monitors the battery voltage and reduces the lantern s intensity level if the lantern is not receiving sufficient solar charging to maintain the battery voltage. If a lantern is set at the correct intensity setting for the available solar illumination, ALC is not required except in unusual circumstances of poor solar illumination. If the lantern is manually set at a higher intensity it will operate at that higher intensity during the summer months, but may turn itself down during the winter months in definable steps. If you do not want the intensity level reduced automatically, you must turn ALC off; see section Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found.. If ALC is turned off, you must set the intensity of the lantern at a level that the lantern can sustain; see section D-7: Adjusting the Level. D-7: Adjusting the Level The M700 Series lantern has four intensity levels; see Table 8-5: Level Programming. Each intensity level has a maximum power consumption. The power consumption for each intensity level is based on a minimum autonomy. The autonomy is the length of time that the lantern produces light with no solar charging. For example, if the lantern is programmed to be on for 0.5 seconds out of every 2 seconds, the duty cycle is 25%. To improve the autonomy of the light, the LEDs can be strobed during the 0.5 second interval that they are scheduled to be on. If the selected intensity level is less than the stated duty cycle of the flash pattern, the effective range of the light may be reduced and the autonomy increased. Table 8-5: Level Programming lists the intensity level, autonomy threshold, and programming code for each intensity level. The range information for each flash pattern is available in Appendix H: Flash Codes. Table 8-5: Level Programming 1 Minimum Autonomy Hours of Sunlight Required 2 Setting Model 701 Model 702 Model 701 Model % 90 hours 150 hours 6 hours 3 hours 75% 120 hours 200 hours 4.4 hours 2.2 hours 50% 190 hours 300 hours 3 hours 1.5 hours 25% 380 hours 600 hours 1.5 hours 0.75 hours Notes: 1. Based on 25% duty cycle. 2. Based on USCG definition of autonomy, 100% SoC to 20% SoC NO SUN. The intensity level corresponds to the level of solar energy required to run the lantern on a continuous basis. Table 8-6: Hours of Sunlight Required to Maintain shows the number of hours of sunlight (or sunlight equivalent) required to fully charge the M700 Series lantern at the four different intensity levels. Adjusting the intensity can have an impact on the visible range of the light, depending on how much the intensity is reduced Carmanah Technologies Corporation

28 Table 8-6: Hours of Sunlight Required to Maintain 1 Minimum Autonomy Hours of Sunlight Required 2 Setting Model 701 Model 702 Model 701 Model % 90 hours 150 hours 6 hours 3 hours 75% 120 hours 200 hours 4.4 hours 2.2 hours 50% 190 hours 300 hours 3 hours 1.5 hours 25% 380 hours 600 hours 1.5 hours 0.75 hours Notes: 1. All flashing light specifications are based on a 12.5% duty cycle (code flashes per minute). 2. Based on solar insolation of 1 kw/m 2 /hour. Entering the intensity level code The intensity level must be entered only after the flash code because the flash code resets the intensity level to 100%. 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Enter the flash code (if required). 5. Program the required intensity level by entering the required code; see Table 8-5: Level Programming. 3 where # is a number of the programming code for the intensity level; see Table 8-5: Level Programming After successfully entering the intensity level code, the lantern flashes for 1 minute as programmed; allowing you to ensure that correct intensity level is programmed into the lantern. D-8: Changing the Daylight Control Levels The M700 Series lantern constantly measures the ambient light level and is programmed to turn on and off based on the amount of ambient light. If you require more or less sensitivity to the ambient light levels for activating and deactivating the lantern, you can change the daylight control level settings. The default settings for the ambient light levels required to activate and deactivate the lantern are set at the factory as follows: On: ambient light level is less than 70 lux Off: ambient light level is more than 100 lux The light level codes for programming the level of ambient light at which the lantern turns on and off are listed in Table 8-7: Daylight Control Level Codes Carmanah Technologies Corporation

29 Activating the lantern earlier in the evening decreases its autonomy, and activating it later increases its autonomy. Table 8-7: Daylight Control Level Codes Light Level in Lux for Lanterns to Turn On Light Level in Lux for Lanterns to Turn Off Daylight Control Programming Code Changing the daylight control levels 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter code to return the lantern to the factory default settings (recommended). 4. Enter the flash code (if required). 5. Program the required light sensitivity level code; see Table 8-7: Daylight Control Level Codes. where # is a number of the code for the light sensitivity level; see Table 8-7: Daylight Control Level Codes Carmanah Technologies Corporation

30 Appendix E: Storing a Lantern You can store or ship a lantern by placing it in either storage mode or sleep mode. Store a lantern if is not going to be used for an extended period of time or if is being shipped to an alternate location and you do not want it to turn on during transit. When you store a lantern ensure that it is fully charged. The batteries must not be stored in a discharged state. Elevated storage temperatures increase the rate of battery self-discharge. The optimum storage temperature for a lantern is 68 F (20 C) or cooler. Check the batte ry level of the lantern at least every 3 months. For more information on testing the lantern battery see section Appendix F: Testing the Battery. For information on charging the lantern see section 7.0 Recharging a Lantern. The M700 Series marine lantern utilizes lead acid cells; therefore, if the lanterns are placed in storage, the cells must be well-charged and maintained. Failure to properly maintain the voltage levels according to the schedule in Table 7-1: Battery Storage and Charging will result in cell damage, thereby, reducing autonomy and functionality. Lanterns with damaged cells due to improper maintenance are not covered under warranty. E-1: Storage Mode Using the storage code to turn the lantern off for storage or shipping allows the lantern to recharge in sunlight without the need to transition or reprogram. With the storage code, the lantern charges during the day and does not turn on at night. The lantern remains off until it is transitioned and turned on by entering the security code using the programmer. The storage code is 000. Use the storage code when: the lantern is being shipped to a location where there is an available programmer for turning the lantern on the lantern will be exposed to intermittent light; for example, it is not sealed in a box the lantern is being recharged using daylight; turning the lantern off prevents it from turning on at night and using the charge gained during the day Placing the lantern in storage mode 1. Transition the lantern (if required). 2. Enter the security code (if required). 3. Enter the storage code to place the lantern in storage mode E-2: Sleep Mode A lantern automatically enters sleep mode (switches off) when placed in darkness for 24 hours. If you are storing the unit in sleep mode, do not expose it to light again until it is to be deployed. When in sleep mode, the lantern turns on for 24 hours every time it senses light. E-3: Turning the Lantern On The lantern only needs to be turned on if it has been turned off using code 000. To turn the lantern on you must transition the lantern and enter the security code; see D-3: Entering the Security Code. Entering the security code cancels the off function. Once the lantern is on, the infrared sensor is turned on for 1 minute and you can program the lantern as usual Carmanah Technologies Corporation

31 Appendix F: Testing the Battery Storing a lantern in a low state of charge will damage the battery and cause it to lose its ability to hold a charge. To determine the state of the batteries in a lantern, transition the lantern, if needed, and enter code 810; the lantern will respond with a series of flashes. If the lantern responds with eight flashes or fewer, recharge the lantern until it responds with 10 flashes (100% usable battery charge); see section 7.0 Recharging a Lantern. Each flash represents 10% of the operational voltage range of the lantern. Testing the lantern battery 5. Transition the lantern (if required). 6. Enter the security code (if required). 7. Enter code to test the battery. 8. Count the number of flashes from the lantern; for example, 9 flashes represent a 90% charge. The flashes from the lantern indicating the state of the batteries is shown twice. The first set of flashes displays 2 seconds after entering the test code; the second set of flashes displays after a 3 second display; the lantern returns to its programmed flash pattern after a 2 second delay Carmanah Technologies Corporation

32 Appendix G: Flash Codes Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 001 Fixed Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 7s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2+1) 10s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 15s Fl (2+1) 6s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 20s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

33 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 030 Fl (3) 9s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 12s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (6) 15s Fl-* Fl-** Fl 1.5s Fl 1.5s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 12s Fl 15s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.8s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

34 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 061 Fl 3s Fl 4.3s Fl 4.4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 7.5s Iso 10s Iso 2s Iso 4s Iso 5s Iso 6s Iso 8s Iso 3s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 12s LFl 15s LFl 5s LFl 6s LFl 8s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

35 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 092 LFl 8s Mo (A) 10s Mo (A) 15s Mo (A) 6s Mo (A) 8s Mo (B) 15s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s **** Mo (U) 15s* Mo (U) 15s** Mo (U) 15s*** Mo (U) 10s Oc 10s Oc 10s Oc 15s Oc 3s Oc 3s Oc 4s Oc 5s Oc 5s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

36 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 121 Oc 5s Oc 6s Oc 6s Oc 6s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 5s Q (2) 6s Q (2) 6s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (4) 10s Q (4) 12s Q (4) 15s Q (4) 20s Q (4) 6s Q (5) 10s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 7s Q (6) 10s Q (6) +LFl Carmanah Technologies Corporation

37 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 15s Q (6) +LFl 15s Q (6) +LFl 15s Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.6s VQ 0.6s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6) +LFl 10s VQ (6) +LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s Q (2) 7s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 10s Fl (5) 20s Fl (2) 10s Fl 4s Fl (2) 5s Mo (A) 8s Fl 2.5s Fl (3+1) 20s Fl (3+1) 20s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

38 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 180 Fl (3+1) 20s Fl (3+1) 20s Fl (3+1) 20s Fl (2) 7s Fl (3) 9s LFl 11s Fl (6+1) 15s Mo (0) 12s Mo (0) 15s Q 1s Q (3) 4.6s Fl 7.5s Fl (4) 11s Fl (3) 21s Fl (3) 6s Fl (3) 10s Fl (9) 15s Oc (2) 6s Oc (3) 8s Oc (4) 10s Fl (2) 6s Fl (1) 8s Fl (3) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 4s Fl (2) 4.5s Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 15s Mo (B) 16s Q 1s Fl (3) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

39 Sequence Code Flash Character Fl1 EC1 Fl2 EC2 Fl3 EC3 Fl4 EC4 Fl5 EC5 Fl6 EC6 Fl7 EC7 Fl8 EC8 Fl9 EC9 211 Fl 3.5s Fl 3.6s Fl 5.5s LFl 24s GpD (5) 14s GpD (5) 15s Iso 2.5s Fl (3) 10s Custom Carmanah Technologies Corporation

40 Appendix H: Candela and Ranges for LEDs H-1: Candela and Range for Amber LEDs Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fixed Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 7s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2+1) 10s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 15s Fl (2+1) 6s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

41 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 20s Fl (3) 9s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 12s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (6) 15s Fl -* Fl -** Fl 1.5s Fl 1.5s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 12s Fl 15s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.5s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

42 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl 2.8s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 4.3s Fl 4.4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 5s Fl 7.5s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

43 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Iso 10s Iso 2s Iso 4s Iso 5s Iso 6s Iso 8s Iso 3s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 12s LFl 15s LFl 5s LFl 6s LFl 8s LFl 8s Mo (A) 10s Mo (A) 15s Mo (A) 6s Mo (A) 8s Mo (B) 15s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

44 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s **** Mo (U) 15s* Mo (U) 15s** Mo (U) 15s*** Mo (U) 10s Oc 10s Oc 10s Oc 15s Oc 3s Oc 3s Oc 4s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 6s Oc 6s Oc 6s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

45 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 5s Q (2) 6s Q (2) 6s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (4) 10s Q (4) 12s Q (4) 15s Q (4) 20s Q (4) 6s Q (5) 10s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 7s Q (6) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (9) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

46 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.6s VQ 0.6s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s Q (2) 7s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 10s Fl (5) 20s Fl (2) 10s Fl 4s Fl (2) 5s Mo (A) 8s Fl 2.5s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

47 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (2) 7s Fl (3) 9s LFl 11s Fl (6+1) 15s Mo (0) 12s Mo (0) 15s Q 1s Q (3) 4.6s Fl 7.5s Fl (4) 11s Fl (3) 21s Fl (3) 6s Fl (3)10s Fl (9)15s Oc (2)6s Oc (3)8s Oc (4)10s Fl (2)6s Fl (1)8s Fl (3)15s Fl (2)5s Fl (2)4s Fl (2)4.5s Fl (3)10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

48 Amber Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3)15s Mo (B)16s Q 1s Fl (2+1) 10s Mo (U) Q 1.2s Q (3) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s Oc (3) 12s Custom Carmanah Technologies Corporation

49 H-2: Candela and Range for Green LEDs Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fixed Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 7s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2+1) 10s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 15s Fl (2+1) 6s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

50 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 20s Fl (3) 9s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 12s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (6) 15s Fl -* Fl -** Fl 1.5s Fl 1.5s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 12s Fl 15s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.8s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

51 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 4.3s Fl 4.4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 5s Fl 7.5s Iso 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

52 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Iso 2s Iso 4s Iso 5s Iso 6s Iso 8s Iso 3s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 12s LFl 15s LFl 5s LFl 6s LFl 8s LFl 8s Mo (A) 10s Mo (A) 15s Mo (A) 6s Mo (A) 8s Mo (B) 15s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

53 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s **** Mo (U) 15s* Mo (U) 15s** Mo (U) 15s*** Mo (U) 10s Oc 10s Oc 10s Oc 15s Oc 3s Oc 3s Oc 4s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 6s Oc 6s Oc 6s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1s Q 1s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

54 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 5s Q (2) 6s Q (2) 6s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (4) 10s Q (4) 12s Q (4) 15s Q (4) 20s Q (4) 6s Q (5) 10s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 7s Q (6) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

55 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q (9) 15s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.6s VQ 0.6s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s Q (2) 7s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 10s Fl (5) 20s Fl (2) 10s Fl 4s Fl (2) 5s Mo (A) 8s Fl 2.5s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

56 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (2) 7s Fl (3) 9s LFl 11s Fl (6+1) 15s Mo (0) 12s Mo (0) 15s Q 1s Q (3) 4.6s Fl 7.5s Fl (4) 11s Fl (3) 21s Fl (3) 6s Fl (3)10s Fl (9)15s Oc (2)6s Oc (3)8s Oc (4)10s Fl (2)6s Fl (1)8s Fl (3)15s Fl (2)5s Fl (2)4s Fl (2)4.5s Fl (3)10s Fl (3)15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

57 Green Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (B)16s Q 1s Fl (2+1) 10s Mo (U) Q 1.2s Q (3) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s Oc (3) 12s Custom Carmanah Technologies Corporation

58 H-3: Candela and Range for Red LEDs Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fixed Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 7s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2+1) 10s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 15s Fl (2+1) 6s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

59 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 20s Fl (3) 9s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 12s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (6) 15s Fl -* Fl -** Fl 1.5s Fl 1.5s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 12s Fl 15s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.5s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

60 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl 2.8s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 4.3s Fl 4.4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 5s Fl 7.5s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

61 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Iso 10s Iso 2s Iso 4s Iso 5s Iso 6s Iso 8s Iso 3s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 12s LFl 15s LFl 5s LFl 6s LFl 8s LFl 8s Mo (A) 10s Mo (A) 15s Mo (A) 6s Mo (A) 8s Mo (B) 15s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

62 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s **** Mo (U) 15s* Mo (U) 15s** Mo (U) 15s*** Mo (U) 10s Oc 10s Oc 10s Oc 15s Oc 3s Oc 3s Oc 4s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 6s Oc 6s Oc 6s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

63 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 5s Q (2) 6s Q (2) 6s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (4) 10s Q (4) 12s Q (4) 15s Q (4) 20s Q (4) 6s Q (5) 10s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 7s Q (6) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (9) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

64 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.6s VQ 0.6s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s Q (2) 7s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 10s Fl (5) 20s Fl (2) 10s Fl 4s Fl (2) 5s Mo (A) 8s Fl 2.5s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

65 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (2) 7s Fl (3) 9s LFl 11s Fl (6+1) 15s Mo (0) 12s Mo (0) 15s Q 1s Q (3) 4.6s Fl 7.5s Fl (4) 11s Fl (3) 21s Fl (3) 6s Fl (3)10s Fl (9)15s Oc (2)6s Oc (3)8s Oc (4)10s Fl (2)6s Fl (1)8s Fl (3)15s Fl (2)5s Fl (2)4s Fl (2)4.5s Fl (3)10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

66 Red Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3)15s Mo (B)16s Q 1s Fl (2+1) 10s Mo (U) Q 1.2s Q (3) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s Oc (3) 12s Custom Carmanah Technologies Corporation

67 H-4: Candela and Range for White LEDs White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fixed Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 10s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 12s Fl (2) 15s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 6s Fl (2) 7s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2) 8s Fl (2+1) 10s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 12s Fl (2+1) 15s Fl (2+1) 6s Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 10s Fl (3) 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

68 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3) 12s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 15s Fl (3) 20s Fl (3) 9s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 10s Fl (4) 12s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 15s Fl (4) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (5) 20s Fl (6) 15s Fl -* Fl -** Fl 1.5s Fl 1.5s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 10s Fl 12s Fl 15s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.5s Fl 2.8s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

69 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 2s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 3s Fl 4.3s Fl 4.4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 4s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 5s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 6s Fl 5s Fl 7.5s Iso 10s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

70 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Iso 2s Iso 4s Iso 5s Iso 6s Iso 8s Iso 3s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 10s LFl 12s LFl 15s LFl 5s LFl 6s LFl 8s LFl 8s Mo (A) 10s Mo (A) 15s Mo (A) 6s Mo (A) 8s Mo (B) 15s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 10s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

71 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s Mo (U) 15s **** Mo (U) 15s* Mo (U) 15s** Mo (U) 15s*** Mo (U) 10s Oc 10s Oc 10s Oc 15s Oc 3s Oc 3s Oc 4s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 5s Oc 6s Oc 6s Oc 6s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1.2s Q 1s Q 1s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

72 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q 1s Q 1s Q 1s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 10s Q (2) 5s Q (2) 6s Q (2) 6s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (3) 10s Q (4) 10s Q (4) 12s Q (4) 15s Q (4) 20s Q (4) 6s Q (5) 10s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 20s Q (5) 7s Q (6) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (6)+LFl 15s Q (9) 15s Q (9) 15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

73 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Q (9) 15s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.5s VQ 0.6s VQ 0.6s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s VQ (9) 10s Q (2) 7s Fl (2) 5s Fl (2) 10s Fl (5) 20s Fl (2) 10s Fl 4s Fl (2) 5s Mo (A) 8s Fl 2.5s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (3+1) 20 s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

74 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Fl (3+1) 20 s Fl (2) 7s Fl (3) 9s LFl 11s Fl (6+1) 15s Mo (0) 12s Mo (0) 15s Q 1s Q (3) 4.6s Fl 7.5s Fl (4) 11s Fl (3) 21s Fl (3) 6s Fl (3)10s Fl (9)15s Oc (2)6s Oc (3)8s Oc (4)10s Fl (2)6s Fl (1)8s Fl (3)15s Fl (2)5s Fl (2)4s Fl (2)4.5s Fl (3)10s Fl (3)15s Carmanah Technologies Corporation

75 White Flash Code Duty Cycle Flash Character Range (NM) 100% 100% Range (NM) 75% 75% Range (NM) 50% 50% Range (NM) 25% 25% Range (NM) 12% 12% Mo (B)16s Q 1s Fl (2+1) 10s Mo (U) Q 1.2s Q (3) 10s Q (6)+LFl 15s VQ (3) 5s VQ (6)+LFl 10s VQ (9) 10s Oc (3) 12s Custom Carmanah Technologies Corporation

76 Appendix I: Warranty and Customer Service I-1: Warranty This product is covered by the Carmanah warranty. Visit for additional information or to register your product online. I-2: Customer Service Before contacting Carmanah s customer service department, please have the serial number of the Model M700 Series Lantern available, a brief description of the problem, as well as all details of installation and recharging efforts. To contact Carmanah s Customer Service Department: Mail: Carmanah Technologies Corporation Building 4, 203 Harbour Road Victoria, BC Canada V9A 3S2 Phone: (Toll Free in U.S and Canada) Fax: Website: I-3: [email protected] carmanah.com Additional Products Carmanah offers a variety of solar-powered and energy efficient LED lighting products. For marine applications, the M502 (1 NM), M601 (2 NM) and M704-5 (4 NM) series solar-powered LED lanterns also enhance visibility for navigation and safety during nighttime hours and in poor weather. For more information on these and other products, please visit our website at: carmanah.com Carmanah Technologies Corporation

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