Smarta elnät vad händer? Samordningsrådet & Europa

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1 ELFACK, Göteborg Chalmers University of Technology Smarta elnät vad händer? Samordningsrådet & Europa Lina Bertling Tjernberg Professor i Uthålliga elkraftsystem Lina.Bertling@chalmers.se

2 Chalmers University of Technology Smarta elnät vad är det? Ett smart elnät är ett smart system som använder el för att leverera energi till konsumenter med drivkraft att använda mer förnyelsebara energikällor och minska energiförluster. Med smarta elnät kommer nya tekniklösningar för användning av el där elkonsumenten får större inflytande exempelvis med timmätning av el och nya former av generering och lagring, som elfordon för både transport och energilagring. Ø flexibilitet och mångfald

3 Smart Grid - fundamentals Power is a snapshot of how much electricity an appliance consumes, or a power plant produces Kettle W (2kW) Wind Turbine W (2 MW) Nuclear reactor W (1GW) Energy is power over time - how much electricity is consumed during the previous period? Kettles use a hour 2 kwh Annual production from a wind turbine 6 MWh Annual consumption Sweden GWh (160 TWh)

4 Smart Grid fundamentals Kraftsystemet - Svenska Kraftnät 5/14/13 8:06 AM På kartan är flödet mellan två länder placerat i det land där flödet mäts. Observerva att värden på vår karta kan skilja sig från värden Flöde(MW) Example: power system balance på andra nationella driftkartor, på grund av exempelvis Pris(!/MWh) energiförluster i nätet och bristande synkronisering mellan kartor vid 27 uppdateringar. Systempris: Period: 8-9 (CET) 44,84? 44, ,31! Net exchange is now Consumption-Production! ,19 45, , , ,19 46, , , Förbrukning Senast uppdaterad: :04 (+02 UTC) Source: Svenska Kraftnät, 46, , ,19 Produktion SE DK NO FI EE Total Totalt inom landet Kärnkraft Vatten Värme Vind Ospecificerat Nettoexport(-) /import the flow between countries electricity trade in - Nord Pool Spot market Example :06 - Production (MW) ü nuclear ü hydro ü 468 heat ü 495 wind - Import 185 (MW) - Price 45 ( /MWh)

5 Energy system in change The energy system is undergoing a major global change Ø Main driving forces are to meet the political climate and energy goals and to counteract with economic crisis. In Europe there are climate and energy goals with targets for 20/20/20/10 by 2020, and different long term targets by 2050 going for 100% renewables Ø Today major investments in new electricity generation from renewables and in the use of biomass-based thermal power using difficult fuels Ø New models for energy usage and storage are developed e.g. with electrical vehicles ü The Smart Grid developments facilitate this change!

6 Chalmers University of Technology Energy system in change Smart Grid Sources

7 Roadmap: Sweden Press release Sweden to join IEA initiative on International Smart Grid Action Network Smart Grid is on the political agenda as a tool for sustainable energy system

8 Roadmap: Sweden Swedish Coordination Council for Smart Grid - Appointed by Swedish Government May Assignment until December members with key roles and expertise - Overall mission The Swedish Coordination Council for Smart Grid (1) Appointed by the Swedish Government Assignment from Aug 2012 until Dec 2014 Members 15 members with key positions within industry, governmental authorities and academia Over all Mission Coordinate and stimulate cooperation, knowledge transfer and discussions on strategic issues between different stakeholders in the area of smart grid Deliver proposals to remove barriers and stimulate the development of smart grid in Sweden incl. R&D Samordningsrådet med kunskapsplattform för smarta elnät 1. Coordinate, create knowledge platform 2. Proposal for Swedish Smart Grid plan Intres senter Dialogforum Samordningsrådet med kunskapsplattform för smarta elnät Samverkan Samordningsrådet Handlingsplan Kunskapsplattform Intressenter

9 Chalmers University of Technology Example Chalmers: solutions ü Smart Grid brings together available technologies for sustainable system solutions Professor at Chalmers in 1911 and father of Uno Lamm the father of HVDC First IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies conference in Europe, Gothenburg 2010 Top: The 1st IEEE PES ISGT Europe, Gothenburg, 2010 (Picture Jan-Olov Yxell)

10 Example Chalmers: solutions Technologies (power systems and ICT) that enable smart grids Optimized operation and control of transmission systems Management of Active distribution system Smart Power System New way of system monitoring, emergency control and protection Market models for cross-border trading of energy and ancillary services Planning of future transmission systems

11 Example: research & tests Big Glenn demonstration site testing wind turbines The project develop methods, simulate and test in lab targeting wind turbines to fulfill Grid Codes. Full scale tests - 4 MW General Electric - More information from SWPTC board visit Big Glen, May 2012 (Picture Lina Bertling Tjernberg)

12 Example: research on EV & EU Analysis of the impact and possibilities of a mass introduction of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles (EV) on the electricity networks in Europe FP 7 Energy 3.7 million Euro,18 months from January 2010 RWE leader, 12 parts (Chalmers, Vattenfall from Sweden)

13 Example G4V: overall project Key question: What must we start doing today to enable a mass market for e-vehicles? Technical aspects Time horizon: 2030 and beyond Legal framework Roadmap Regulatory framework ICT Business models Business models Customer satisfaction Environmental aspects Scenarios GRID infra- structure Power system operation Recommendations

14 Example: research EV & grid Residential (charging only at home) Peak demand increase [%] Residential area Uncontrolled 21 % Price-optimal 78 % Peak demand increase [%] Commercial area Loss-optimal 0 % Commercial (charging at home and at work) Uncontrolled 3.5 % Price-optimal 14.5 % Loss-optimal 0 % * Steen D., Tuan L., Carlson O. and Bertling Tjernberg L., Assessment of Electric Vehicle Charging Scenarios Based on Demographical Data. Published in IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid Technology, September 2012.

15 Smart Grid Projects in Europe November The JRC launched the first comprehensive inventory of Smart Grid projects in Europe Over 300 project coordinators filled in a project questionnaire July 2011 JRC inventory published 219 projects Over 5 billion of investments

16 Smart Grid Projects in Europe In the period , investments on Smart Grid projects have been consistently above a level of 200 million per year, with the level of investment in 2011 as high as 500 million. 219 Smart Grid and smart metering projects The overall investment amounted to over 5 billion.

17 Projects Smart Grid Task Force DB EEGI SETIS Projects JRC Database Projects Other users (e.g. ISGAN) DB DB Projects h8p://ses.jrc.ec.europa.eu VisualizaDon plagorms DB

18 Smart Grid Projects in Europe JRC compiles a data base with smart grid projects ü Next release: 281 Smart Grid R&D and Demonstration projects of 90 smart meters

19 Summary: Smart Grid Systems Driving forces: sustainability and cost-efficiency Smart Grid infrastructure for energy delivery flexibility with new technologies & new usage Key features: communication, ICT and standards electricity from renewables electrical vehicles and storage Challenges: Process for developments and incentives System solutions and change in behavior Availability and low maintenance costs Chalmers create solutions for smart energy systems!

20 More: Smart Grid Systems Further information from web portals: Swedish SmartGrid EU Smart Grid ü IEEE Smart Grid smartgrid.ieee.org/ieee-smart-grid IEA Examples on coming events CIRED June Stockholm IEEE ISGT October 6-9 Copenhagen

21 Thanks & Welcome! Lina Bertling Tjernberg Professor Division of Electric Power Engineering Department of Energy and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Hörsalsvägen 11