World Geography. Chapter 3 Section 1
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1 World Geography By Richard G. Boehm, Ph.D. Chapter 3 Section 1 Climates of the Earth Earth-Sun Relationships June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 1
2 Weather The condition of the bottom layer of the earth s atmosphere in one place over a short period of time. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 2
3 June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 3
4 Frank and Earnest by Bob Thaves June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 4
5 Atmosphere The a multilayered band of gases, water vapor, and dust above the earth. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 5
6 Layers of the Atmosphere June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 6
7 Climate The term for the weather patterns that an area or region typically experiences over a long period of time. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 7
8 Climate can be affected Elevation by Latitude, and/or Location near Landforms and large bodies of water June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 8
9 Most Important The climate is affected by the earth s position in relationship to the sun. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 9
10 The Sun The ultimate source of the earth's climates. 93 million miles (150 km) away. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 10
11 Axis An imaginary line that runs through the center of the earth between the North and South poles. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 11
12 Axis Axis It tilts at an angle of 23½ o June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 12
13 Tilt The Earth's axis is tilted about 23.5 from the perpendicular and it rotates on its axis. Due to the tilt, not all places on the planet receive the same amount of sunlight at the same time. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 13
14 The earth is tilted on it's axis because it got hit by meteoroids and other stuff when the planet first formed (or at least that's what scientists think). June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 14
15 Frank and Earnest by Bob Thaves June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 15
16 Temperature Degree of hotness or coldness measured on a set scale, such as Fahrenheit ( o F) or Celsius ( o C). June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 16
17 Rotation One complete turn of the earth around its axis. The earth completes one rotation every 24 hours. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 17
18 Revolution One complete orbit of the earth around the sun. The earth completes one revolution every 365 1/4 days, or one year. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 18
19 The revolutions and tilt cause changes in the amount of sunlight that reaches different locations on the planet. These changes occur in a regular progression which are known as seasons. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 19
20 June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 20
21 Equinoxes One of two days on which the sun is directly above the Equator, making day and night equal in length. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 21
22 Equinoxes, in the northern hemisphere, occur about March 21 (the beginning of Spring) September 23 (the beginning of fall) June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 22
23 Tropic of Cancer This line is located 23.5 north of the Equator and is the northernmost point of the earth to receive the sun s direct rays. On June 21st, the sun is directly over the tropic of Cancer at noon marking the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 23
24 Tropic of Cancer June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 24
25 Tropic of Cancer Not Me June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 25
26 Solstices One of two days on which the sun s rays strike directly on the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn, marking the beginning of summer or winter. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 26
27 Solstices, in the northern hemisphere, occur about June 21 (the beginning of Summer) December 22 (the beginning of Winter) June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 27
28 Tropic of Capricorn This line is located 23.5 south of the Equator. On December 21st, the sun is directly overhead the tropic of Capricorn at noon. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 28
29 Tropic of Capricorn June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 29
30 Where is this sign? June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 30
31 June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 31
32 Because of the tilt, at the north pole the sun never sets from about March 20 until September 23. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 32
33 The phenomenon is called the Midnight Sun June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 33
34 June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 34
35 At the south pole, the sun never sets from about September 23 until March 20. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 35
36 Greenhouse Effect The capacity of certain gases in the atmosphere to trap heat, thereby warming the earth. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 36
37 The atmosphere acts like the glass walls of a greenhouse. Some solar radiation penetrates the atmosphere and is trapped. Trapped heat is not equally distributed. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 37
38 June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 38
39 Global Warming The gradual warming of the earth and the atmosphere that may be caused in part by pollution and an increase in the greenhouse effect. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 39
40 Frank and Earnest by Bob Thaves June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 40
41 The use of fossil fuels and the burning of the rainforests increase the amount of CO 2 in the atmosphere. Rising CO 2 levels have coincided with a rise in worldwide temperature. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 41
42 Pollution due to burning of fossil fuels. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 42
43 According to some scientist, the increased heat will melt icebergs, and glaciers. Melting icebergs and glaciers will cause the sea level to rise throughout the world. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 43
44 Some estimates suggests that if all the glaciers melted, the sea level The effect of a 20 foot sea level rise. would rise 100 feet. June 26, 2006 Stephen Mathews 44
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