Chapter 23. The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments
|
|
- Angelica Nelson
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 23 The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments
2 Lenses Converging and diverging lenses. Lenses refract light in such a way that an image of the light source is formed. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point, F. The focal length, f, is the distance between F and the lens. Two prisms can bend light toward the principal axis acting like a crude converging lens but cannot create a sharp focus.
3 Lenses With a diverging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis appear to originate from the focal point, F. The focal length, f, is the distance between F and the lens. Two prisms can bend light away from the principal axis acting like a crude diverging lens, but the apparent focus is not sharp.
4 Lenses Converging and diverging lens come in a variety of shapes depending on their application. We will assume that the thickness of a lens is small compared with its focal length è Thin Lens Approximation
5 The Formation of Images by Lenses RAY DIAGRAMS. Here are some useful rays in determining the nature of the images formed by converging and diverging lens. Since lenses pass light through them (unlike mirrors) it is useful to draw a focal point on each side of the lens for ray tracing.
6 The Formation of Images by Lenses IMAGE FORMATION BY A CONVERGING LENS d o > 2f When the object is placed further than twice the focal length from the lens, the real image is inverted and smaller than the object. This is the configuration for a camera. The focal length of the lens system of a camera must be adjusted for a particular object distance so that the image distance is at the location of the film and thus the real image on the film is sharp (focused).
7 The Formation of Images by Lenses IMAGE FORMATION BY A CONVERGING LENS 2f > d o > f When the object is placed between F and 2F, the real image is inverted and larger than the object. This is the configuration for a projector. Since you normally want the real image on the screen to be upright, the object (film or slide) is placed upside down in the projector.
8 The Formation of Images by Lenses IMAGE FORMATION BY A CONVERGING LENS f > d o When the object is placed between F and the lens, the virtual image is upright and larger than the object. This is the configuration for a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass must clearly be positioned so that the object distance is less than its focal length
9 The Formation of Images by Lenses IMAGE FORMATION BY A DIVERGING LENS all d o A diverging lens always forms an upright, virtual, diminished image.
10 The Thin-Lens Equation and the Magnification Equation Thin lens equation 1 d o + 1 d i 1 = f Magnification equation m = h h i o = d d i o These equations are identical to the mirror equations! The sign conventions are similar to those for mirrors, but there are a few differences
11 The Thin-Lens Equation and the Magnification Equation Summary of Sign Conventions for Lenses f f is + for a converging lens. is for a diverging lens. d o d o is + if the object is to the left of is if the object is to the right of the lens. the lens. * d i is + for an image formed to the right of the lens (real image). d i is for an image formed to the left of the lens (virtualimage). m is + for an upright image. m is for an inverted image. * can occur in the case of imaging with more than one lens.
12 The Thin-Lens Equation and the Magnification Equation Example. The Real Image Formed by a Camera Lens A 1.70-m tall person is standing 2.50 m in front of a camera. The camera uses a converging lens whose focal length is m. (a) Find the image distance and determine whether the image is real or virtual. (b) Find the magnification and height of the image on the film. (a) d = f i d o = m = 19.6 m 2.50 m di = m real image, since d i > 0 di m (b) m = = = image inverted, since m < 0 d 2.50 m and reduced since m < 1 o h i = mh o = ( )(1.70 m) = m
13 The Thin-Lens Equation and the Magnification Equation Example. The Virtual Image Formed by a Diverging Lens An object is placed 7.10 cm to the left of a diverging lens whose focal length is f = cm. (a) Find the image distance and determine whether the image is real or virtual. (b) Obtain the magnification. (a) 1 d i = 1 f 1 d o = d i = 2.96 cm 1 ( 5.08) = cm 1 virtual image, since d i < 0 ( ) m = d i = 2.96 d o 7.10 = (b) image upright, since m > 0 and reduced since m < 1
14 Example of a two-lens system: Two converging lenses each of focal length 20 mm are separated by 30 mm from each other. An object is placed at 28 mm in front of the first lens. Find the final image distance and final magnification of this two-lens system. f 1 f 2 Lens 1 Lens 2 F 1 F 2 F 1 F 2 d o1 l d i2 d i1 d o2
15 f 1 = f 2 = 20 mm l = 30 mm d o1 = 28 mm Find d i2 and m Lens 1: 1 = 1 1 = 1 d i1 f 1 d o d o2 = ( d i1 l) = ( 70 30) = 40 mm Lens 2 : 1 = 1 1 = 1 d i2 f 2 d o # m = m 1 m 2 = d &# i1 % ( d i2 % $ ' $ d o1 d o2 = mm 1 ( ) & # ( = 70 &# % ( 13 ' $ 28 '% $ 40 virtual object for Lens 2 = mm 1 ( ) & ( = 0.81 ' d i1 = 70 mm real image for Lens 1 d i2 =13 mm real image for Lens 2 final image inverted and reduced
16 Chapter 24 Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
17 Huygens principle Huygens principle Every point on a wave front acts as a source of tiny wavelets that move forward with the same speed as the wave; the wave front at a latter instant is the surface that is tangent to the wavelets. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening.
18 Huygens principle The extent of the diffraction increases as the ratio of the wavelength to the width of the opening increases since there is less cancelling from adjacent Huygens wavelets.
19 The Derivation of Snell s Law f is same in each medium but v and λ are different λ = c f λ 1 = v 1 f = λ n 1 and λ 2 = v 2 f = λ n 2 " n = c % $ ' # v & sinθ 1 = λ 1 h = λ n 1 h = λ sinθ 2 = λ 2 hn 1 h = λ n 2 h = λ hn 2 n 1 sinθ 1 = λ h = n 2 sinθ 2 n 1 sinθ 1 = n 2 sinθ 2 Snell s Law
Convex Mirrors. Ray Diagram for Convex Mirror
Convex Mirrors Center of curvature and focal point both located behind mirror The image for a convex mirror is always virtual and upright compared to the object A convex mirror will reflect a set of parallel
More information1 of 9 2/9/2010 3:38 PM
1 of 9 2/9/2010 3:38 PM Chapter 23 Homework Due: 8:00am on Monday, February 8, 2010 Note: To understand how points are awarded, read your instructor's Grading Policy. [Return to Standard Assignment View]
More information1. You stand two feet away from a plane mirror. How far is it from you to your image? a. 2.0 ft c. 4.0 ft b. 3.0 ft d. 5.0 ft
Lenses and Mirrors 1. You stand two feet away from a plane mirror. How far is it from you to your image? a. 2.0 ft c. 4.0 ft b. 3.0 ft d. 5.0 ft 2. Which of the following best describes the image from
More informationAP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light
AP Physics B Ch. 23 and Ch. 24 Geometric Optics and Wave Nature of Light Name: Period: Date: MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Reflection,
More informationGeometric Optics Converging Lenses and Mirrors Physics Lab IV
Objective Geometric Optics Converging Lenses and Mirrors Physics Lab IV In this set of lab exercises, the basic properties geometric optics concerning converging lenses and mirrors will be explored. The
More informationRAY OPTICS II 7.1 INTRODUCTION
7 RAY OPTICS II 7.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter presents a discussion of more complicated issues in ray optics that builds on and extends the ideas presented in the last chapter (which you must read first!)
More informationThin Lenses Drawing Ray Diagrams
Drawing Ray Diagrams Fig. 1a Fig. 1b In this activity we explore how light refracts as it passes through a thin lens. Eyeglasses have been in use since the 13 th century. In 1610 Galileo used two lenses
More informationChapter 36 - Lenses. A PowerPoint Presentation by Paul E. Tippens, Professor of Physics Southern Polytechnic State University
Chapter 36 - Lenses A PowerPoint Presentation by Paul E. Tippens, Professor of Physics Southern Polytechnic State University 2007 Objectives: After completing this module, you should be able to: Determine
More informationC) D) As object AB is moved from its present position toward the left, the size of the image produced A) decreases B) increases C) remains the same
1. For a plane mirror, compared to the object distance, the image distance is always A) less B) greater C) the same 2. Which graph best represents the relationship between image distance (di) and object
More information2) A convex lens is known as a diverging lens and a concave lens is known as a converging lens. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec.
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 4e (Giancoli) Chapter 33 Lenses and Optical Instruments 33.1 Conceptual Questions 1) State how to draw the three rays for finding the image position due to a thin
More informationLesson 29: Lenses. Double Concave. Double Convex. Planoconcave. Planoconvex. Convex meniscus. Concave meniscus
Lesson 29: Lenses Remembering the basics of mirrors puts you half ways towards fully understanding lenses as well. The same sort of rules apply, just with a few modifications. Keep in mind that for an
More informationEXPERIMENT 6 OPTICS: FOCAL LENGTH OF A LENS
EXPERIMENT 6 OPTICS: FOCAL LENGTH OF A LENS The following website should be accessed before coming to class. Text reference: pp189-196 Optics Bench a) For convenience of discussion we assume that the light
More informationRutgers Analytical Physics 750:228, Spring 2016 ( RUPHY228S16 )
1 of 13 2/17/2016 5:28 PM Signed in as Weida Wu, Instructor Help Sign Out Rutgers Analytical Physics 750:228, Spring 2016 ( RUPHY228S16 ) My Courses Course Settings University Physics with Modern Physics,
More information9/16 Optics 1 /11 GEOMETRIC OPTICS
9/6 Optics / GEOMETRIC OPTICS PURPOSE: To review the basics of geometric optics and to observe the function of some simple and compound optical devices. APPARATUS: Optical bench, lenses, mirror, target
More informationSolution Derivations for Capa #14
Solution Derivations for Capa #4 ) An image of the moon is focused onto a screen using a converging lens of focal length (f = 34.8 cm). The diameter of the moon is 3.48 0 6 m, and its mean distance from
More informationwaves rays Consider rays of light from an object being reflected by a plane mirror (the rays are diverging): mirror object
PHYS1000 Optics 1 Optics Light and its interaction with lenses and mirrors. We assume that we can ignore the wave properties of light. waves rays We represent the light as rays, and ignore diffraction.
More informationChapter 17: Light and Image Formation
Chapter 17: Light and Image Formation 1. When light enters a medium with a higher index of refraction it is A. absorbed. B. bent away from the normal. C. bent towards from the normal. D. continues in the
More informationRevision problem. Chapter 18 problem 37 page 612. Suppose you point a pinhole camera at a 15m tall tree that is 75m away.
Revision problem Chapter 18 problem 37 page 612 Suppose you point a pinhole camera at a 15m tall tree that is 75m away. 1 Optical Instruments Thin lens equation Refractive power Cameras The human eye Combining
More informationChapter 27 Optical Instruments. 27.1 The Human Eye and the Camera 27.2 Lenses in Combination and Corrective Optics 27.3 The Magnifying Glass
Chapter 27 Optical Instruments 27.1 The Human Eye and the Camera 27.2 Lenses in Combination and Corrective Optics 27.3 The Magnifying Glass Figure 27 1 Basic elements of the human eye! Light enters the
More informationExperiment 3 Lenses and Images
Experiment 3 Lenses and Images Who shall teach thee, unless it be thine own eyes? Euripides (480?-406? BC) OBJECTIVES To examine the nature and location of images formed by es. THEORY Lenses are frequently
More informationLIGHT REFLECTION AND REFRACTION
QUESTION BANK IN SCIENCE CLASS-X (TERM-II) 10 LIGHT REFLECTION AND REFRACTION CONCEPTS To revise the laws of reflection at plane surface and the characteristics of image formed as well as the uses of reflection
More informationLecture 17. Image formation Ray tracing Calculation. Lenses Convex Concave. Mirrors Convex Concave. Optical instruments
Lecture 17. Image formation Ray tracing Calculation Lenses Convex Concave Mirrors Convex Concave Optical instruments Image formation Laws of refraction and reflection can be used to explain how lenses
More informationLight and its effects
Light and its effects Light and the speed of light Shadows Shadow films Pinhole camera (1) Pinhole camera (2) Reflection of light Image in a plane mirror An image in a plane mirror is: (i) the same size
More informationSize Of the Image Nature Of the Image At Infinity At the Focus Highly Diminished, Point Real and Inverted
CHAPTER-10 LIGHT REFLECTION AND REFRACTION Light rays; are; electromagnetic in nature, and do not need material medium for Propagation Speed of light in vacuum in 3*10 8 m/s When a light ray falls on a
More informationOPTICAL IMAGES DUE TO LENSES AND MIRRORS *
1 OPTICAL IMAGES DUE TO LENSES AND MIRRORS * Carl E. Mungan U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD ABSTRACT The properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are reviewed. Key ideas are
More information7.2. Focusing devices: Unit 7.2. context. Lenses and curved mirrors. Lenses. The language of optics
context 7.2 Unit 7.2 ocusing devices: Lenses and curved mirrors Light rays often need to be controlled and ed to produce s in optical instruments such as microscopes, cameras and binoculars, and to change
More informationChapter 23. The Reflection of Light: Mirrors
Chapter 23 The Reflection of Light: Mirrors Wave Fronts and Rays Defining wave fronts and rays. Consider a sound wave since it is easier to visualize. Shown is a hemispherical view of a sound wave emitted
More informationLIGHT SECTION 6-REFRACTION-BENDING LIGHT From Hands on Science by Linda Poore, 2003.
LIGHT SECTION 6-REFRACTION-BENDING LIGHT From Hands on Science by Linda Poore, 2003. STANDARDS: Students know an object is seen when light traveling from an object enters our eye. Students will differentiate
More informationGeometrical Optics - Grade 11
OpenStax-CNX module: m32832 1 Geometrical Optics - Grade 11 Rory Adams Free High School Science Texts Project Mark Horner Heather Williams This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative
More informationHOMEWORK 4 with Solutions
Winter 996 HOMEWORK 4 with Solutions. ind the image of the object for the single concave mirror system shown in ig. (see next pages for worksheets) by: (a) measuring the radius R and calculating the focal
More informationLecture Notes for Chapter 34: Images
Lecture Notes for hapter 4: Images Disclaimer: These notes are not meant to replace the textbook. Please report any inaccuracies to the professor.. Spherical Reflecting Surfaces Bad News: This subject
More informationLenses and Telescopes
A. Using single lenses to form images Lenses and Telescopes The simplest variety of telescope uses a single lens. The image is formed at the focus of the telescope, which is simply the focal plane of the
More information1051-232 Imaging Systems Laboratory II. Laboratory 4: Basic Lens Design in OSLO April 2 & 4, 2002
05-232 Imaging Systems Laboratory II Laboratory 4: Basic Lens Design in OSLO April 2 & 4, 2002 Abstract: For designing the optics of an imaging system, one of the main types of tools used today is optical
More informationUNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN Department of Physics and Engineering Physics
UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Physics 111.6 MIDTERM TEST #4 March 15, 2007 Time: 90 minutes NAME: (Last) Please Print (Given) STUDENT NO.: LECTURE SECTION (please
More informationStudy Guide for Exam on Light
Name: Class: Date: Study Guide for Exam on Light Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is used
More informationLaws; of Refraction. bends away from the normal. more dense medium bends towards the normal. to another does not bend. It is not
Science 8 Laws; of Refraction 1. tight that moyes at an angle from a less dense medium to a more dense medium bends towards the normal. (The second medium slows the light down) Note: The angle of refraction,
More informationPhysics 116. Nov 4, 2011. Session 22 Review: ray optics. R. J. Wilkes Email: ph116@u.washington.edu
Physics 116 Session 22 Review: ray optics Nov 4, 2011 R. J. Wilkes Email: ph116@u.washington.edu ! Exam 2 is Monday!! All multiple choice, similar to HW problems, same format as Exam 1!!! Announcements
More informationLecture 12: Cameras and Geometry. CAP 5415 Fall 2010
Lecture 12: Cameras and Geometry CAP 5415 Fall 2010 The midterm What does the response of a derivative filter tell me about whether there is an edge or not? Things aren't working Did you look at the filters?
More informationPhysical Science Study Guide Unit 7 Wave properties and behaviors, electromagnetic spectrum, Doppler Effect
Objectives: PS-7.1 Physical Science Study Guide Unit 7 Wave properties and behaviors, electromagnetic spectrum, Doppler Effect Illustrate ways that the energy of waves is transferred by interaction with
More informationBasic Optics System OS-8515C
40 50 30 60 20 70 10 80 0 90 80 10 20 70 T 30 60 40 50 50 40 60 30 C 70 20 80 10 90 90 0 80 10 70 20 60 50 40 30 Instruction Manual with Experiment Guide and Teachers Notes 012-09900B Basic Optics System
More informationPhysics, Chapter 38: Mirrors and Lenses
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Robert Katz Publications Research Papers in Physics and Astronomy 1-1-1958 Physics, Chapter 38: Mirrors and Lenses Henry
More informationLight and Sound. Pupil Booklet
Duncanrig Secondary School East Kilbride S2 Physics Elective Light and Sound Name: Pupil Booklet Class: SCN 3-11a - By exploring the refraction of light when passed through different materials, lenses
More informationProcedure: Geometrical Optics. Theory Refer to your Lab Manual, pages 291 294. Equipment Needed
Theory Refer to your Lab Manual, pages 291 294. Geometrical Optics Equipment Needed Light Source Ray Table and Base Three-surface Mirror Convex Lens Ruler Optics Bench Cylindrical Lens Concave Lens Rhombus
More informationUnderstanding astigmatism Spring 2003
MAS450/854 Understanding astigmatism Spring 2003 March 9th 2003 Introduction Spherical lens with no astigmatism Crossed cylindrical lenses with astigmatism Horizontal focus Vertical focus Plane of sharpest
More informationLesson 26: Reflection & Mirror Diagrams
Lesson 26: Reflection & Mirror Diagrams The Law of Reflection There is nothing really mysterious about reflection, but some people try to make it more difficult than it really is. All EMR will reflect
More informationTHE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE In microbiology, the microscope plays an important role in allowing us to see tiny objects that are normally invisible to the naked eye. It is essential for students to learn how
More informationChapter 22: Mirrors and Lenses
Chapter 22: Mirrors and Lenses How do you see sunspots? When you look in a mirror, where is the face you see? What is a burning glass? Make sure you know how to:. Apply the properties of similar triangles;
More informationReview for Test 3. Polarized light. Action of a Polarizer. Polarized light. Light Intensity after a Polarizer. Review for Test 3.
Review for Test 3 Polarized light No equation provided! Polarized light In linearly polarized light, the electric field vectors all lie in one single direction. Action of a Polarizer Transmission axis
More informationMagnification Devices
LOW VISION AIDS Optical Characteristics of the Low Vision Patient The definition of visual loss includes two components and limited resolving power or acuity, a blur that can't be eliminated with a simple
More informationScience In Action 8 Unit C - Light and Optical Systems. 1.1 The Challenge of light
1.1 The Challenge of light 1. Pythagoras' thoughts about light were proven wrong because it was impossible to see A. the light beams B. dark objects C. in the dark D. shiny objects 2. Sir Isaac Newton
More informationPhysics 10. Lecture 29A. "There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it." --Edith Wharton
Physics 10 Lecture 29A "There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it." --Edith Wharton Converging Lenses What if we wanted to use refraction to converge parallel
More informationMeasuring the Point Spread Function of a Fluorescence Microscope
Frederick National Laboratory Measuring the Point Spread Function of a Fluorescence Microscope Stephen J Lockett, PhD Principal Scientist, Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory Frederick National
More informationEXPERIMENT O-6. Michelson Interferometer. Abstract. References. Pre-Lab
EXPERIMENT O-6 Michelson Interferometer Abstract A Michelson interferometer, constructed by the student, is used to measure the wavelength of He-Ne laser light and the index of refraction of a flat transparent
More informationPhysics 25 Exam 3 November 3, 2009
1. A long, straight wire carries a current I. If the magnetic field at a distance d from the wire has magnitude B, what would be the the magnitude of the magnetic field at a distance d/3 from the wire,
More informationFirst let us consider microscopes. Human eyes are sensitive to radiation having wavelengths between
Optical Differences Between Telescopes and Microscopes Robert R. Pavlis, Girard, Kansas USA icroscopes and telescopes are optical instruments that are designed to permit observation of objects and details
More informationQuestion based on Refraction and Refractive index. Glass Slab, Lateral Shift.
Question based on Refraction and Refractive index. Glass Slab, Lateral Shift. Q.What is refraction of light? What are the laws of refraction? Ans: Deviation of ray of light from its original path when
More informationRefractive Index Measurement Principle
Refractive Index Measurement Principle Refractive index measurement principle Introduction Detection of liquid concentrations by optical means was already known in antiquity. The law of refraction was
More informationReflection and Refraction
Equipment Reflection and Refraction Acrylic block set, plane-concave-convex universal mirror, cork board, cork board stand, pins, flashlight, protractor, ruler, mirror worksheet, rectangular block worksheet,
More informationpotential in the centre of the sphere with respect to infinity.
Umeå Universitet, Fysik 1 Vitaly Bychkov Prov i fysik, Electricity and Waves, 2006-09-27, kl 16.00-22.00 Hjälpmedel: Students can use any book. Define the notations you are using properly. Present your
More informationEquations, Lenses and Fractions
46 Equations, Lenses and Fractions The study of lenses offers a good real world example of a relation with fractions we just can t avoid! Different uses of a simple lens that you may be familiar with are
More informationOptics and Geometry. with Applications to Photography Tom Davis tomrdavis@earthlink.net http://www.geometer.org/mathcircles November 15, 2004
Optics and Geometry with Applications to Photography Tom Davis tomrdavis@earthlink.net http://www.geometer.org/mathcircles November 15, 2004 1 Useful approximations This paper can be classified as applied
More informationEXPERIMENT #1: MICROSCOPY
EXPERIMENT #1: MICROSCOPY Brightfield Compound Light Microscope The light microscope is an important tool in the study of microorganisms. The compound light microscope uses visible light to directly illuminate
More informationEndoscope Optics. Chapter 8. 8.1 Introduction
Chapter 8 Endoscope Optics Endoscopes are used to observe otherwise inaccessible areas within the human body either noninvasively or minimally invasively. Endoscopes have unparalleled ability to visualize
More informationWAVELENGTH OF LIGHT - DIFFRACTION GRATING
PURPOSE In this experiment we will use the diffraction grating and the spectrometer to measure wavelengths in the mercury spectrum. THEORY A diffraction grating is essentially a series of parallel equidistant
More informationPhysics 202 Problems - Week 8 Worked Problems Chapter 25: 7, 23, 36, 62, 72
Physics 202 Problems - Week 8 Worked Problems Chapter 25: 7, 23, 36, 62, 72 Problem 25.7) A light beam traveling in the negative z direction has a magnetic field B = (2.32 10 9 T )ˆx + ( 4.02 10 9 T )ŷ
More informationPHYSICS PAPER 1 (THEORY)
PHYSICS PAPER 1 (THEORY) (Three hours) (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must NOT start writing during this time.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationHow to make a Galileian Telescope
How to make a Galileian Telescope I. THE BASICS THE PRINCIPLES OF OPTICS A Galileian telescope uses just two lenses. The objective lens is convergent (plano-convex), the ocular lens is divergent (plano-concave).
More informationBasic Geometrical Optics
F UNDAMENTALS OF PHOTONICS Module 1.3 Basic Geometrical Optics Leno S. Pedrotti CORD Waco, Texas Optics is the cornerstone of photonics systems and applications. In this module, you will learn about one
More informationLearning Optics using Vision
Learning Optics using Vision Anjul Maheshwari David R. Williams Biomedical Engineering Center for Visual Science University of Rochester Rochester, NY Center for Adaptive Optics Project #42 2 INTRODUCTION
More informationGRID AND PRISM SPECTROMETERS
FYSA230/2 GRID AND PRISM SPECTROMETERS 1. Introduction Electromagnetic radiation (e.g. visible light) experiences reflection, refraction, interference and diffraction phenomena when entering and passing
More informationPhysical Science 20 - Final Exam Practice
Physical Science 20 - Final Exam Practice SHORT ANSWER IS ALL CURVED MIRRORS AND LENSES Mirrors and Lenses 1. Complete the following ray diagrams for curved mirrors. Write the 4 characteristics of each
More informationPHYS 222 Spring 2012 Final Exam. Closed books, notes, etc. No electronic device except a calculator.
PHYS 222 Spring 2012 Final Exam Closed books, notes, etc. No electronic device except a calculator. NAME: (all questions with equal weight) 1. If the distance between two point charges is tripled, the
More informationSection 13.3 Telescopes and Microscopes
Glass correcting plate Secondary Finder scope ive Diagonal prism Equatorial drive Equatorial mount Section 13.3 Telescopes and Microscopes Tripod Not everything that we wish to see is visible to the naked
More informationIntroduction to Optics
Second Edition Introduction to Optics FRANK L. PEDROTTI, S.J. Marquette University Milwaukee, Wisconsin Vatican Radio, Rome LENO S. PEDROTTI Center for Occupational Research and Development Waco, Texas
More informationLesson. Objectives. Compare how plane, convex, and concave. State the law of reflection.
KH_BD1_SEG5_U4C12L3_407-415.indd 407 Essential Question How Do Lenses and Mirrors Affect Light? What reflective surfaces do you see in your classroom? What are the different properties of these surfaces
More informationLens Equation Purpose
Lens Equation Purpose To verify the lens equation for both a converging lens and a diverging lens. To investigate optical systems. To find the focal lengths of a converging lens and a diverging lens. Background
More informationLight Telescopes. Grade Level: 5. 2-3 class periods (more if in-depth research occurs)
Light Telescopes Grade Level: 5 Time Required: Suggested TEKS: Science - 5.4 Suggested SCANS Information. Acquires and evaluates information. National Science and Math Standards Science as Inquiry, Earth
More information- the. or may. scales on. Butterfly wing. magnified about 75 times.
Lecture Notes (Applications of Diffraction) Intro: - the iridescent colors seen in many beetles is due to diffraction of light rays hitting the small groovess of its exoskeleton - these ridges are only
More informationPH3FP. (JUn13PH3Fp01) General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier June 2013. Unit Physics P3 TOTAL. Time allowed 1 hour
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examiner s Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examiner s Initials Physics Unit Physics P3 Thursday 23 May 2013 For this paper you must have: a ruler a calculator
More informationMaking a reflector telescope
Making a reflector telescope telescope built by Sir Isaac Newton Replica of the first reflector Nowadays, professional astronomers use another type of telescope that is different to the first telescope
More information!! Regarding the information about figures (Fig.XY) please have a look at the german version!! Spektroscopy
1. Introduction (under construction) Spektroscopy 2. Prism and Grid Spectrometers Basics of Construction and Operation The experiment can be conducted with one of two types of spectrometer in which the
More information4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES HW/Study Packet
4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES HW/Study Packet Required: READ Hamper pp 115-134 SL/HL Supplemental: Cutnell and Johnson, pp 473-477, 507-513 Tsokos, pp 216-242 REMEMBER TO. Work through all
More informationRESOLUTION CHARTS AND GRATINGS RESOLUTION CHARTS AND GRATINGS RESOLUTION CHARTS AND GRATINGS RESOLUTION CHARTS AND GRATINGS RESOLUTION CHARTS AND
Optical Resolution Charts, Ronchi Rulings and Grids The optical resolution charts are used to test characteristics such as resolution, contrast, distortion and modulation transfer function (MTF) of lenses,
More informationBio 321 Lightmicroscopy Electronmicrosopy Image Processing
Bio 321 Lightmicroscopy Electronmicrosopy Image Processing Urs Ziegler Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis Light microscopy (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy) Light microscopy (Confocal Laser Scanning
More informationP R E A M B L E. Facilitated workshop problems for class discussion (1.5 hours)
INSURANCE SCAM OPTICS - LABORATORY INVESTIGATION P R E A M B L E The original form of the problem is an Experimental Group Research Project, undertaken by students organised into small groups working as
More informationInformation. From the LowVision Specialists. Guidelines for the fitting of telescopic systems
Information From the LowVision Specialists Guidelines for the fitting of telescopic systems About a successful fitting Eye care professionals dispensing telescopic spectacles must ensure they have successfully
More informationFIFTH GRADE WORKBOOK
FIFTH GRADE WORKBOOK students Math/Science Nucleus 1990,2001 APPLIED SCIENCE - SCIENCE AND MATH (5A) PROBLEM: Can you learn how to estimate? PREDICTION: MATERIALS: 3 containers filled with items given
More informationLight Energy OBJECTIVES
11 Light Energy Can you read a book in the dark? If you try to do so, then you will realize, how much we are dependent on light. Light is very important part of our daily life. We require light for a number
More informationChapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery. How does your eye form an image? Refraction. Example: Refraction at Sunset.
Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors Our goals for learning:! How does your eye form an image?! How do we record images? How does your eye form an image?
More informationMICROSCOPY. To demonstrate skill in the proper utilization of a light microscope.
MICROSCOPY I. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate skill in the proper utilization of a light microscope. To demonstrate skill in the use of ocular and stage micrometers for measurements of cell size. To recognize
More informationThe light. Light (normally spreads out straight... ... and into all directions. Refraction of light
The light Light (normally spreads out straight...... and into all directions. Refraction of light But when a light ray passes from air into glas or water (or another transparent medium), it gets refracted
More informationIn this project, you will be observing at least three objects with a telescope or binoculars, and drawing what you see.
Telescopic Observations Materials: Paper, pencil, camera, Telescope or Binoculars In this project, you will be observing at least three objects with a telescope or binoculars, and drawing what you see.
More informationDiffraction and Young s Single Slit Experiment
Diffraction and Young s Single Slit Experiment Developers AB Overby Objectives Preparation Background The objectives of this experiment are to observe Fraunhofer, or far-field, diffraction through a single
More informationOptical Communications
Optical Communications Telecommunication Engineering School of Engineering University of Rome La Sapienza Rome, Italy 2005-2006 Lecture #2, May 2 2006 The Optical Communication System BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
More informationFIFTH GRADE TECHNOLOGY
FIFTH GRADE TECHNOLOGY 3 WEEKS LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES SCIENCE AND MATH OVERVIEW OF FIFTH GRADE SCIENCE AND MATH WEEK 1. PRE: Interpreting data from a graph. LAB: Estimating data and comparing results
More informationIntroduction. In Physics light is referred to as electromagnetic radiation which is a natural phenomenon that can
Introduction In Physics light is referred to as electromagnetic radiation which is a natural phenomenon that can also be produced and detected through technological means. It has proven invaluable for
More informationPhysics 30 Worksheet # 14: Michelson Experiment
Physics 30 Worksheet # 14: Michelson Experiment 1. The speed of light found by a Michelson experiment was found to be 2.90 x 10 8 m/s. If the two hills were 20.0 km apart, what was the frequency of the
More informationv = fλ PROGRESSIVE WAVES 1 Candidates should be able to :
PROGRESSIVE WAVES 1 Candidates should be able to : Describe and distinguish between progressive longitudinal and transverse waves. With the exception of electromagnetic waves, which do not need a material
More informationRefraction of Light at a Plane Surface. Object: To study the refraction of light from water into air, at a plane surface.
Refraction of Light at a Plane Surface Object: To study the refraction of light from water into air, at a plane surface. Apparatus: Refraction tank, 6.3 V power supply. Theory: The travel of light waves
More informationName Class Date Laboratory Investigation 4B Chapter 4: Cell Structure
Name Class Date Laboratory Investigation 4B Chapter 4: Cell Structure The Microscope: A Tool of the Scientist You may refer to pages 66-67, 72-73 in your textbook for a general discussion of microscopes.
More information