Virtuozzo Control Center

Transcription

1 SWsoft, Inc. Virtuozzo Control Center Hardware Node Administrator's Guide (c)

2 ISBN: N/A SWsoft Inc Sunrise Valley Drive Suite 325 Herndon, VA USA Tel: +1 (703) Fax: +1 (703) Copyright by SWsoft, Inc. All rights reserved Distribution of this work or derivative of this work in any form is prohibited unless prior written permission is obtained from the copyright holder. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Virtuozzo, Plesk, HSPcomplete, and corresponding logos are trademarks of SWsoft, Inc. Red Hat is a registered trademark of Red Hat Software, Inc. SUSE is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. Intel, Pentium, and Celeron are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Microsoft Windows, Windows 2003 Server, Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows NT, Windows 98, Windows 95, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Desktop Engine (MSDE), Microsoft Management Console are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation IBM DB2 is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp. SSH and Secure Shell are trademarks of SSH Communications Security, Inc. MegaRAID is a registered trademark of American Megatrends, Inc. PowerEdge is a trademark of Dell Computer Corporation.

3 3 Table of Figures Figure 1: VZCC Menu...12 Figure 2: VZCC Title Bar...14 Figure 3: Installing ActiveX SSH Client...32 Figure 4: Installing Remote Desktop ActiveX Control...33

4 4 Contents Introduction 8 Logging In...9 VZCC Licensing...10 VZCC Interface Overview...12 Customizing Interface Settings...15 Managing VPSs 16 Creating New VPS...18 Defining VPS General Settings...18 Customizing VPS QoS Settings...21 Validating VPS QoS Configuration...22 Installing Applications into VPS...23 Reviewing VPS Configuration...23 VPS Dashboard Overview...24 Changing VPS Root/Administrator Password by Service VPS User...25 Adjusting VPS Configuration and Advanced Settings...25 Starting and Stopping VPS...27 Working With VPS Files and Folders...28 Using SSH to Connect to VPS...31 Using Remote Desktop Connection to Access VPS...33 Backing Up and Restoring Single VPS...34 Backup Details...35 Browsing Backup Contents...36 Managing Backups of Multiple VPSs...36 Reinstalling VPS...37 Stopping VPS Prior to Reinstallation...37 Selecting Reinstallation Type...38 Confirming Reinstallation...38 Repairing VPS...39 Managing VPS Services and Processes...40 Managing VPS Services...40 Managing VPS Processes...44 Managing VPS Firewall...46 Installing Plesk...52 Working in Plesk Control Panel...52 Logging In to Confixx Control Panel...54 Advanced Operations...54 Customizing VPS Network Parameters...55 Mounting External Volumes Inside VPS...56 Managing VPS Applications...59 Updating VPS Software...59 Cloning Virtual Private Server...60 VPS Statuses...61 Managing and Monitoring VPS Resources 63 Monitoring VPS Principal Resources...64 System Resource...65 CPU Resource...66

5 Contents 5 Disk Space Resource...67 Disk Inodes Resource...68 Extended Resource Consumption Data...69 Monitoring Top Resource Consumption...73 Top CPU Resource Consuming VPSs...73 Top Total Memory Consuming VPSs...74 Top Physical Memory Consuming VPSs...75 Top Disk Space Consuming VPSs...76 Top Disk Inodes Consuming VPSs...77 Top Incoming Traffic Receiving VPSs...78 Top Outcoming Traffic Handling VPSs...79 Changing VPS QoS Parameters...80 Changing Disk Quota for Multiple VPSs...82 Applying New VPS Template...83 Applying New VPS Template to Multiple VPSs...84 Setting Up Network Accounting and Shaping 85 Configuring Network Accounting and Shaping on Hardware Node...86 Setting Up Network Classes...87 Configuring Network Adapters...87 Configuring Network Shaping...88 Configuring Network Shaping for Single VPS...89 Managing VPS Templates 90 Creating New VPS Template...91 Defining VPS Template General Settings...91 Customizing QoS Settings...92 Choosing Applications...94 Reviewing VPS Template Configuration...94 Operations on VPS Templates...94 Uploading VPS Template on Hardware Node...95 Editing Existing VPS Template...96 Configuring VPS Template General Settings...97 Managing QoS Parameters...98 Adding Applications to Templates...99 Creating New VPS Template by Splitting Hardware Node...99 Specifying General Parameters...99 Checking VPS Template QoS Parameters Managing VZCC Users Access Rights 101 Viewing VZCC Users List Creating New VZCC User Editing VZCC User Viewing Roles List Creating New Role Editing Role Selecting VPSs to Be Granted to User Setting Up New User Registration Configuring Notification Managing VPSs Requests 109 VPS Requesting VPS Requests Viewing and Processing Pending Requests...111

6 Contents 6 Monitoring Operations and Viewing Logs 112 Viewing History of VPS Status Changes Viewing Alerts Log Viewing Actions Log Viewing Traffic Log Viewing Active Tasks Viewing Task Details Viewing Error Details Managing Hardware Node 118 Hardware Node Dashboard Overview Configuring Hardware Node Configuring Gateway Specifying Proxy Server Managing Virtuozzo Licenses Viewing Virtuozzo Licenses Generating License Request Installing License on Hardware Node Virtuozzo License Statuses Monitoring HN Resources Consumption Managing OS and Application Templates Performing Operations on OS Templates Performing Operations on Application Templates Installing OS/Application Template on Hardware Node Viewing OS Template Properties Viewing Application Template Properties Confirming Uninstalling Application Templates from VPS Managing OS/Application Template Versions Rebooting Hardware Node Updating Virtuozzo Software Customizing Update Process Configuring Access to Update Repository Migrating Physical to Virtual Server 134 Setting up Connection to Physical Server Reviewing Physical Server Configuration Customizing Migration Procedure Configuring Virtual Private Server Customizing VPS QoS Settings Reviewing Configuration and Setting Post-migration Start/Stop Option Troubleshooting 141 Services Inaccessibility Elusive Problems Network Problems File Problems Getting Support 144 Reporting Problem to Technical Support Specifying Contact Information and Problem Details Getting Report Status and Problem ID...145

7 Contents 7 Setting Up Support Channel Installing Certificate on Hardware Node Index 147

8 8 C HAPTER 1 Introduction Virtuozzo Control Center (VZCC) is designed for Hardware Node administrators and features the ability to manage a particular Hardware Node and all VPSs residing on it with the help of a standard Web browser on any platform. Besides, VZCC allows you to grant access to VPSs to users with a limited scope of management permissions. It is only within this scope of permissions that those users can use VZCC as a VPS managing tool. A list of supported browsers is given below: Internet Explorer 6.0 and above; Mozilla 1.7 and above; Firefox 1.0 and above. Chances are that you will also be able to use other browsers, but VZCC has not been extensively tested with them. VZCC allows you to manage Hardware Nodes running Virtuozzo installed on both the Windows 2003 Server and Linux (Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 3, Fedora Core 4, etc.) operating systems. Main principles of the VZCC operation for both operating systems are very similar. However, there are some features peculiar to only Windows or Linux Nodes. When there are differences between them, steps written specifically for the Windows version of Virtuozzo are marked with the icon and steps for the Linux version - with the icon. Currently, you are able to perform the following main operations on the Hardware Node and in the VPS by means of VZCC: View and install Virtuozzo licenses; Create new VPSs; Edit VPS configuration, network parameters and other settings; Reinstall and/or repair a VPS; Change the VPS status; Manage VPS groups; Manage VPS backups; Manage VPS templates; Manage and monitor VPS resources; Manage applications; Manage VPS requests; Set up VPS firewall; Configure HN administrator-vps user automatic exchange; Start, stop, and restart certain services inside a VPS; View a list of VPS processes and send signals to them; View the current HN and VPS resources consumption; View Virtuozzo logs and monitor VPS operations;

9 Introduction 9 Customize the VZCC interface; Migrate a physical server to a VPS, etc. In This Chapter Logging In... 9 VZCC Licensing VZCC Interface Overview Customizing Interface Settings Logging In There are three possible ways for the HN administrator or a Service VPS user to log in to VZCC: Note: A Service VPS user is the one who can access a Service VPS and is endowed with a certain scope of rights and privileges by the Node administrator by means of VZMC (VZMC User's Guide > Advanced Tasks > Creating Service VPS Users). 1 Using the IP address (or hostname) of the Virtuozzo Hardware Node and the TCP port specified in Virtuozzo offline services (by default, this port is 4643). When connecting to the Hardware Node, you should enter the user name "vzagent0" and administrative password you provided during the Virtuozzo installation on your Node and click the Login button. If you cannot log in to VZCC using this method, you should use methods either 2 or 3. 2 Using the IP address (or hostname) of the Virtuozzo Service VPS and the TCP port specified in Virtuozzo offline services (by default, this port is 4643). When connecting to the Service VPS, you should enter the user name (for example, vzagent0 for full administrative rights) and password of a Service VPS user and click the Login button. If you cannot log in to VZCC using this method, you should use methods either 1 or 3. 3 Using the IP address (or hostname) of any VPS residing on the given Hardware Node and the TCP port specified in Virtuozzo offline services (by default, this port is 4643). If you are connecting to one of your personal VPSs, you should enter the user name and password of a Service VPS user who is entitled to manage the given VPS and press Login button.

10 Introduction 10 Besides, users, who has not yet been provided with a login to VZCC, are offered to self-service using the Register link on the VZCC logon screen, or anywhere else, and registering in VZCC as a user. Filling in the registering form includes entering an , used as a login, and a password. Subsequently, new users will be able to use these credentials to log in to VZCC. For the clients to log in this way, registering new users (see page 108) has to be enabled by the HN administrator Finally, users received the logging in to VZCC credentials from the HN administrator can log in entering these credentials to the Username and Password fields on the login screen. In either case, once you have connected to the VPS, you are recommended to provide a valid address on the VZCC configuration page (see page 15) in order to be able to log in to VZCC in case you forget your password. The Forgot your password? link on the login page allows you to enter your user name and the address provided on the VZCC configuration page in order to receive a URL at this address informing you how to change your password. Note: To enable the functionality of receiving the forgotten password at the user address, the gateway of the Hardware Node should be configured to send notifications through. Besides, you should edit the vzcpcon.conf file located inside the Service VPS to define the sender's address. Detailed information on how to modify the vzcpcon.conf file is provided in the Configuring Mail for VZCC/VZPP section of the Virtuozzo Installation Guide. VZCC Licensing The VZCC licensing model envisages the necessity of having a proper VZCC license loaded on the Hardware Node for this Node to be manageable through VZCC/VZPP. The first time you log in to VZCC, you may need to provide a valid VZCC license. To install a VZCC license, do the following: 1 Follow the Hardware Node link on the VZCC main menu and click the License Management link to display the License Management page. 2 On the License Management page, click the Install New License link to open the Install New License page. 3 Open the new license file by using any text editor and copy its content to the clipboard. 4 Place the cursor to the License field of the Install New License page and paste the copied license text. 5 Press the Install button.

11 Introduction 11 By default, VZCC licenses are stored in the following directories on the Hardware Node: - /etc/hspc/licenses/ - C:\vz\root\1\C\Program Files\SWsoft\vzcp\licenses\ and contain information on whether you can use only Virtuozzo Power Panels (VZPP) or both VZPP and VZCC to manage your Hardware Node and Virtual Private Servers residing on it. After you have successfully installed the VZCC license, you can proceed with the normal course of work.

12 Introduction 12 VZCC Interface Overview The Virtuozzo Control Center interface has been designed to let the Hardware Node administrator quickly perform all possible tasks through an intuitive navigation system. All VZCC pages have a menu on the left. The menu looks like this: Figure 1: VZCC Menu It provides links to VZCC pages where you can perform various tasks. The link to the page which is currently open is highlighted. To know more about the page to which any link points, point with the mouse cursor at the link. The description of the corresponding page is displayed at the bottom of the menu. Note: In the same way as you run your cursor over a link, you can roll over almost any VZCC interface element to learn more about it.

13 Introduction 13 All links are gathered into four groups: Infrastructure Manager, Service Level Manager, Event Manager, and Other, the first three groups being links themselves. Most of particular tasks may be performed by clicking the name of the group to open the corresponding dashboard and choose a task on this dashboard. However, there are a number of tasks that you may select at once on the menu under the corresponding group. The links on the menu do the following: Link Infrastructure Manager Virtual Private Servers Hardware Node Backups Service Level Manager Description Opens the Infrastructure Manager dashboard where you can choose one of the following options: managing a Hardware Node, Virtual Private Servers residing on the Node, or available VPS backups. Opens the Virtual Private Servers page where you can learn more about various operations you can perform on both VPS groups and individual VPSs. Besides, it allows you to create new VPSs and manage VPS templates. Opens the page where you can manage Virtuozzo licenses, monitor Hardware Node resources, and perform a number of operations on OS and application templates. Opens the page where you can manage backups of all VPSs residing on the Hardware Node. Opens the Service Level Manager dashboard where you can click the link to view the statistics on the top resource-consuming VPSs. Resource consuming VPSs Opens the tabs displaying the statistics on the resource usage by top resource-consuming VPSs. Event Manager Status Changes QoS Alerts Actions Log Help Download Configure Sign out Opens the Logs dashboard where you can learn more about various logs available for your VPSs and view any of them. Opens a list of status changes your VPSs have recently undergone. Opens a list of alerts of your VPSs overusing any hardware resources or coming close to the usage limits imposed on them. Opens a list of actions you have recently performed in VZCC with the VPSs residing on the Hardware Node. Opens the help system. Opens the page where you can download Virtuozzo Control Center User's Guide, Virtuozzo Power Panels User's Guide, Virtuozzo User's Guide, Virtuozzo Management of System Resources Administrator's Guide, other relevant Virtuozzo guides, and additional software for managing your Hardware Node and all VPSs residing on it. Opens the page where you can customize the VZCC interface. Following this link logs you out of VZCC. The top of the page presents the information on the Virtuozzo logotype and the SWsoft copyright information (from left to right):

14 Introduction 14 Clicking on the Virtuozzo logotype will get you to a list of Virtual Private Servers (see page 16). The area not covered by the menu and the SWsoft copyright information provides the contents proper of any VZCC page. It has a title bar on top, an example of which is shown below: Figure 2: VZCC Title Bar You should remember that the exact layout of VZCC screen elements may vary with the interface skin selected on the Configure Control Center page. Therefore, depending on the interface configured, the title bar may consist of the following elements (from left to right and from top to bottom): 1 The icon corresponding to the current VZCC page. 2 The hierarchy of levels superior to the level of the current VZCC page or the pages you have visited prior to the page you are on, which are called the route elements. They present links for moving up to any of these levels or pages. 3 The name of the current VZCC page. 4 The screen ID of the current VZCC page. If you are having troubles with VZCC, mentioning the ID of the problem screen in your support call is likely to facilitate resolving your issue. 5 A link to the Active Tasks page. This will open the page with a list of those tasks related to managing your VPSs that you have scheduled by means of VZCC, but that have not yet been completed. 6 A link to refresh the current screen. 7 A link to open the context-sensitive help. The link goes only with non-plesk interface skins. 8 An Up Level link which provides the way up to the next route element from the current page. According to the skin selected it may be presented as a link or a button and be situated respectively at the top or bottom of the page. Note: More information on interface skins is provided in the Customizing VZCC Interface chapter (see page 15). The contents proper of any VZCC page depend on the task selected. The topmost-level page, which is displayed after clicking on the Infrastructure Manager link on the VZCC menu, allows you to choose one of the following options: Click on the Hardware Node link to manage your Hardware Node or Click on the Virtual Private Servers link to manage Virtual Private Servers residing on your Node or Click on the Backups link to manage all VPS backups available on your Node.

15 Introduction 15 Customizing Interface Settings Clicking on the Configure link on the VZCC left menu opens the Virtuozzo Control Center interface configuration page where you can set a number of parameters related to the VZCC interface. The options provided on the Configure Control Center page are the following: Option Interface Skin Local Time Zone Interface Language Contact Description Here you may choose a suitable interface skin for your VZCC affecting such elements as the VZCC general layout (framed or non-framed), icons and images, and the color palette. This setting affects the date and time information found on such VZCC pages as Status Changes, QoS Alerts, Actions Log. Choose the time zone you wish to be used when viewing different kinds of logs. As VZCC is localized into a number of languages, this drop-down menu lets you choose the default interface language for VZCC. This setting affects the language of both your current VZCC session, and all future sessions if User Default is chosen as the interface language on the VZCC login screen. This field should be filled in with a correct address to enable the functionality of restoring the password, should the current user forget it. This address pertains to the current user only; other VZCC users of the given VPS may fill in this field with other addresses. The link for restoring the password is located on the VZCC login page. After you decide on the suitable configuration and press the Submit button, the settings will be remembered for the current browser only. If you change the browser or move to another computer for working with VZCC, the default settings will be used until you perform a new customization.

16 16 C HAPTER 2 Managing VPSs The first page that you see when you log in to VZCC lets you grasp the information on all the Node VPSs at a glance. This page also opens when you click Virtual Private Servers on the VZCC menu. All the vital information - the IP addresses, hostnames, statuses (see page 61) of all the VPSs, etc. is presented in the Virtual Private Servers table: Column Name ID Hostname IP Address Operating System Template Description The ID assigned to the VPS. The hostname of the VPS. The IP address assigned to the VPS. The OS template the VPS is based on. The VPS template the VPS is based on. The asterisk after the template name indicates that the VPS template has been customized by changing one or several QoS parameters. Status The current status of the VPS (see page 61). QoS Enabled VZPP The tick opposite the corresponding VPS reflects the current state of the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters consumed by the VPS. If the resource consumption lies within 90% of the limits defined for the VPS, the tick is green. It means that the VPS experiences no shortage in resources required for the normal course of work. The yellow and red ticks indicate that one or several QoS parameters are very close to or exceeding the specified limits, which may result in serious problems inside the VPS. In this case you can follow the QoS Alerts link on the VZCC main menu to get a more detailed information on the problem parameters. A green tick opposite a VPS indicates that this VPS is enabled and can be started, a red cross means that the VPS is disabled and cannot be started. Clicking on the icon in this column will open a separate window where you can manage the corresponding VPS by means of Virtuozzo Power Panels (VZPP). You can use this feature if the following conditions for the given VPS are fulfilled: the offline management for the VPS is enabled; a valid IP address is assigned to the VPS; the IP address you have used to log in to VZCC does not coincide with that of the corresponding VPS.

17 Managing VPSs 17 To facilitate working with VPSs residing on your Hardware Node, you may have the Virtual Private Servers table display only those VPSs that have a particular ID, hostname, are based on a particular template, have a definite status (running, stopped, etc.), a particular transition state, a relevant QoS alert or are enabled/disabled. On top of the table, press the icon to display the fields where you can specify the parameters the VPSs sought should meet; then click on the Search link. To view all the Virtual Private Servers residing on your Hardware Node, click on the Show All link to the right of the parameter fields. To manage several VPSs at once, make use of the Virtual Private Servers table. You are able to execute the following operations on VPS groups: starting/stopping a VPS group depending on the current VPS state (the Start/Stop links, correspondingly); stopping any VPS(s) without waiting for two minutes for the VPS shutdown scripts to be executed. It can be useful, for example, in case a Virtual Private Server is known to be corrupt. The Fast Stop option is available only for a Service VPS user (for example, vzagent0); destroying a VPS group (the Destroy link); backing up the selected VPS(s) (the Back Up link); applying a VPS template to the selected VPS(s) (the Group Actions link); changing VPS disk quotas (the Group Actions link); configuring general parameters for a group of VPSs (the Group Actions link). To perform one of the aforementioned operations, select the checkboxes opposite the corresponding VPSs and press the appropriate link on top of the table. Many more operations can be performed on a single VPS thru the corresponding VPS dashboard. You can open the VPS dashboard from the VZCC main page by selecting in the Virtual Private Servers table the VPS you wish to operate and clicking its ID or hostname. In This Chapter Creating New VPS VPS Dashboard Overview Backing Up and Restoring Single VPS Managing Backups of Multiple VPSs Reinstalling VPS Repairing VPS Managing VPS Services and Processes Advanced Operations VPS Statuses... 61

18 Managing VPSs 18 Creating New VPS Before being managed, any Virtual Private Server should be first created. VZCC enables you to create new VPSs by means of the New VPS wizard. To invoke the wizard, follow the Virtual Private Servers link on the VZCC main menu and then click on the New VPS icon. The other approach to getting more VPSs is realized within requesting VPSs, instead of creating VPSs, which is described in the corresponding chapter (see page 109). Besides, your VPSs list becomes a VPS longer every time you migrate a physical to a virtual server (see page 134). Defining VPS General Settings The first page of the New VPS wizard enables you to define VPS general settings that are divided into four groups for your convenience: configuration parameters, network parameters, password, and advanced parameters. The Configuration group enables you to perform the following operations: Select a VPS template that defines the VPS QoS parameters (see page 69). Choose an OS template and its version you wish the VPS to be based on. Select the Customize QoS settings checkbox, which allows you to adjust QoS parameters (see page 69) on the next page of the wizard. This operation is optional. The Network group lets you do the following to define the network parameters: Set a hostname of the VPS. Mind that the range of symbols for the VPS hostname is limited. For a Windows Node, the hostname may start singularly with a-z, A-Z or an underscore ( _ ), contain further any of the following symbols: a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _, - and have a-z, A-Z, 0-9 or _ at the end. The maximum number of symbols is 15. For a Linux-based VPS, the hostname should consist of a-z, 0-9, _, and may have a point in the middle. The number of symbols should not exceed 256. Assign an IP address to it. To the right of the IP address you can provide a subnet mask to define the subnet the newly created VPS will belong to, which will insert the VPS into the corresponding local network (the feature is available only for Windows-based VPSs). The field for the subnet mask is slash-separated from the IP address field. You can assign several IP addresses and, consequently, subnet masks (for a Windows-based VPS) to the VPS by clicking the icon to the right of the IP Address/Subnet Mask/ IP Address fields. At the same time, clicking the icon near the IP Address/Subnet Mask/ IP Address fields will remove the corresponding IP address and subnet mask (for a VPS running Windows) assigned to the VPS. Note: You can leave the Subnet Mask field blank after you provide an IP address for the VPS. VZCC will use the default subnet mask for the corresponding IP address. However, you have to assign at least one IP address to the VPS being created, so you cannot skip the IP Address field.

19 Managing VPSs 19 Enter one or more DNS servers that this VPS is supposed to use in the DNS server IP address field or leave it blank. By clicking the or icons you can add/remove accordingly the DNS servers IP addresses for the VPS under creation. Define a list for hostname lookup in the Search domain field or leave it blank. Use the or icons to add/remove the lookup parameters for the VPS. The search list is normally determined by the domain name(s); by default, it contains only the local domain name(s). You can also add external domain names for a particular VPS. A search query is performed by attempting to use each item in the list in turn until a match is found. Note that this process may be slow and may generate a lot of network traffic if the servers for the listed domains are not local, and that the query might time out if no server is available for one of the domains. In the Password group, you should define and confirm the root/administrator password. You will need this password to access the VPS in the future, for example, through VZPP. Note: Remember that each VPS root/ Administrator user exercises full control over his/her VPS, has his/her own user credentials (name and password) to access the VPS and enjoys an unlimited access to other user accounts inside this VPS, i.e. s/he has any right granted to a privately owned physical server as opposed to the Hardware Node administrator's authority or the rights of the other VPSs users in regard to the given VPS. Any VPS user can be a member of an Active Directory domain (e.g. access any of the network shares to which the VPS user has rights). The Advanced group for a Windows-based Hardware Node is subdivided into the General Advanced Options and Network Advanced Options groups. The General Advanced Options group allows you to do the following: Specify the VPS ID, a 32-bit (ranging from 0 to ) integer number over 100 (Detailed information on the VPS IDs allocation can be viewed in the Choosing Virtual Private Server ID subsection of the Virtuozzo User's Guide.); WARNING! When deciding on a VPS ID, do not use the ID of any VPS that was ever present in the system unless you are sure that no data belonging to the old VPS remains on the Node. The fact is that the administrator of the newly-created VPS might have access to these data in this case, i.e. to the backups of the old VPS, its logs, statistics, etc.

20 Managing VPSs 20 Start the VPS after its creation; Have the VPS started on every boot of the Hardware Node; Enable/disable the offline management of the VPS for it to be directly managed via VZPP by its Administrator from any browser at its own IP address. Have the VPS ID displayed on the VPS desktop when connected to it by the RDP protocol. The Network Advanced Options group enhances the VPS operation by providing you with the ability to: Switch on the network browsing feature for the VPS being created. The Windows 2003 browser service allows the VPS on a Windows 2003 network to view all the network environment available. The browser service maintains a list (called the browse list) of all available domains and computers. The browse list can be viewed using Windows 2003 Explorer and is provided by a browser in the VPS. The default for the feature is the off status. You can learn more on the option from the Network Places overview article of the Windows 2003 Help system invoked by selecting Help and Support on the Windows Start menu. Allow the packet QoS scheduler for the VPS. This is one of the Quality of Service components in MS Windows 2003 Server that enable differentiation and preferential treatment for subsets of data transmitted over the network. The packet scheduler is the traffic control module that regulates how much traffic various applications are allowed, essentially enforcing the QoS parameters that are set for each particular application. For instance, you can use the feature to restrict a web site throughput to a certain maximum bandwidth value or differentiate between the data transmitted by critical applications (e.g. Plesk) and excessive data (e.g. multimedia applications), and allow preferential treatment for the important web sites or critical applications. The option is disabled by default. For additional information on the packet scheduler, address the MSDN Library > Win32 and COM Development > Network Protocols > Quality of Service (QOS) ( Note: The concept of Quality of Service in MS Windows 2003 Server differs from that of Virtuozzo Quality of Service used to provide a fair share of the main system resources (disk space, CPU time, etc.) among Virtual Private Servers. To enable/disable any of the features listed under the Advanced group, select/clear the corresponding checkbox. If you are managing a Hardware Node running the Linux operating system, you can make use of the Advanced group options to: Specify the VPS ID, a 32-bit (ranging from 0 to ) integer number over 100 (Detailed information on the VPS IDs allocation can be viewed in the Choosing Virtual Private Server ID subsection of the Virtuozzo User's Guide.); WARNING! When deciding on a VPS ID, do not use the ID of any VPS that was ever present in the system unless you are sure that no data belonging to the old VPS remains on the Node. The fact is that the administrator of the newly-created VPS might have access to these data in this case, i.e. to the backups of the old VPS, its logs, statistics, etc.

21 Managing VPSs 21 Have the VPS start disabled (may be caused by business requirements); Start the VPS after its creation; Have the VPS started on every boot of the Hardware Node; To enable/disable any of the features listed under the Advanced group, select/clear the corresponding checkbox. The Offline management group allows you set the offline management options by selecting the appropriate radio button. Offline management feature of the corresponding VPS ensures the VPS manageability by means of one or more offline services from any browser at its own IP address. After the offline management feature is enabled for the Virtual Private Server, one port of its IP address becomes permanently active whatever the VPS state. The currently supported services are vzpp and vzpp-plesk (for managing VPSs with the Plesk control panel installed in them). You can currently: Disable the offline management of the VPS. Enable the offline management of the VPS via default offline services. The default services list is compiled by the Hardware Node administrator through VZMC (for more details on the offline services management see VZMC Help > Advanced Tasks > Managing Offline Services Configuration). Should any service be removed from the default services list, the VPS will be unable to be managed via the service off the list. By default, the VPS is subscribed to default offline services. Enable the offline management of the VPS via custom offline services. You can select in the corresponding checkbox(es) the service(s) you would like the VPS to be subscribed to. Click Next to submit the settings and move on to the next New VPS wizard stage. Customizing VPS QoS Settings If you have selected the Customize QoS settings checkbox on the previous step, you will be presented with the screen allowing you to adjust QoS parameters for the VPS being created. For you to easier find the information on the resource that interests you, the resources are grouped by their relations to three computer subsystems: CPU Parameters, Disk Quota, and Primary UBC Parameters. Information on the VPS parameters is presented in the table with the following columns: Column Name ID Limit Soft Limit Hard Limit Description The name of the QoS parameter. The limit on the consumption of the given resource by the VPS. The limit on the consumption of the given resource by the VPS that once reached or exceeded can lead to grave problems inside the VPS. Depending on the considered parameter, either some process might be killed at any time in the VPS, or the next resource allocation request might be refused to it. However, the VPS is allowed to temporarily exceed its quota soft limit for the Disk Space and Disk Inodes resources without any damage to the VPS processes for the grace period, set in the quotatime parameter in the Disk Quota table. The limit on the consumption of the given resource by the current VPS that cannot be exceeded in any circumstances.

22 Managing VPSs 22 Limited Information on whether the parameter is limited or not. Units The units in which the value of the Limit/ Soft Limit and/or Hard Limit column is measured. Description The description of the parameter. If you have entered new values for one or several QoS parameters and then decided to change them to the values from the VPS template you had chosen at the previous step, you can reset the new values by clicking the curved arrow against the corresponding parameter(s). Detailed information on all resources is provided in the Monitoring VPS Principal Resources section. If you are creating a VPS on a Linux Node, the Secondary UBC Parameters and Auxiliary UBC Parameters subsystems are additionally available for their customization on this page. Besides, you can use the Validate button at the foot of the page to display if any constraint violations (on page 22) have been found and learn the corresponding constraints on the resource management parameters. After you have customized the VPS parameters and checked their interdependencies, click Next>. Validating VPS QoS Configuration The system resource control parameters have complex interdependencies, or constraints. Violation of these interdependencies can be catastrophic for the VPS. In order to ensure that the VPS under creation does not break them, it is important to validate the VPS configuration file before creating VPSs on its basis. The utility checks constraints on the resource management parameters and displays all the constraint violations found. There can be three levels of violation severity, represented by the following icons on the VPS dashboard: Recommendation This is a suggestion, which is not critical for the VPS or Hardware Node operations. The configuration is valid in general; however, if the system has enough memory, it is better to increase the settings as advised. Warning Error A constraint is not satisfied, and the configuration is invalid. The VPS applications may not have optimal performance or may fail in an ungraceful way. An important constraint is not satisfied, and the configuration is invalid. The VPS applications have increased chances to fail unexpectedly, to be terminated, or to hang. After setting the reasonable values for the parameters, the VPS can be safely run.

23 Managing VPSs 23 Installing Applications into VPS The third page of the New VPS wizard allows you to choose applications to install them to the VPS directly after its creation. All available applications that can be added to the VPS are listed in the Available Applications table in the left part of the displayed page. The type and number of applications vary depending on the OS template the VPS will be based on, i.e. only those applications are displayed that are compatible with the given OS template. To add the application(s) you need to the VPS, tick the checkbox(es) opposite the application(s) you wish to add and click on the >> button. After that, the application(s) appear(s) in the Scheduled for Installation table in the right part of the page. To remove any application from the VPS being created, tick its checkbox in the Scheduled for Installation table and click on the << button. The Resolve button enables you to check unresolved dependencies among the applications selected for installation and review them in case of finding any. It is strongly advisable to make use of the button after you have added the applications you wish to install to the Scheduled for Installation table. To eliminate unresolved dependencies, you can remove one of the problem applications from the Scheduled for Installation table as is shown above. After you have selected the applications to be installed and checked their dependencies, click on the Next> button. Reviewing VPS Configuration The last page of the New VPS wizard lets you review the major settings of the VPS configuration you provided on the previous steps. If you are satisfied with the information entered, click Create to start creating the VPS. Otherwise, you can return to the previous steps by clicking the Back button and change the corresponding parameters.

24 Managing VPSs 24 VPS Dashboard Overview The VPS dashboard is displayed after you click the Virtual Private Servers link on the VZCC main menu and select the VPS you wish to manage in the Virtual Private Servers table. For your convenience the main VPS operations available have been grouped under six tabs: General, Resources, Maintenance, Logs, Services, and Advanced. On the General tab, the following operations are available by clicking the corresponding icons: Changing the VPS general settings: root/administrator password, OS version and other parameters (the Preferences link); Starting or stopping the VPS (the Start/Stop VPS link); Working with the VPS file structure (the File Manager link); Launching the Virtuozzo Power Panels to manage the VPS (the Virtuozzo Power Panels link): Clicking on the Virtuozzo Power Panels icon will open a separate window where you can manage the corresponding VPS by means of Virtuozzo Power Panels (VZPP). You can use this feature if: 1. The offside management for the VPS is enabled; 2. A valid IP address is assigned to the VPS; 3. The IP address you have used to log in to VZCC does not coincide with that of the corresponding VPS. Connecting to the VPS via SSH (the SSH Connection link); Logging in to the VPS via Remote Desktop Connection (the Remote Desktop Connection link). The VPS Summary table at the bottom of the page provides brief information on the selected VPS: ID The ID assigned to the current VPS. Hostname The hostname of the current VPS. Status The current status of the VPS (see page 61). IP Address(es) The IP address assigned to the current VPS. More than one IP address per VPS is possible. Operating System The operating system the current VPS runs. Applications Installed A list of applications installed in the current VPS. Disk Space The current consumption of the Hardware Node disk space by the Virtual Private Server. The percent value is calculated not in proportion to the total disk space of the Hardware Node, but in proportion to the quota on using the Node disk space by the VPS. Based on the Template The VPS template the current VPS is based on.

25 Managing VPSs 25 Changing VPS Root/Administrator Password by Service VPS User A Service VPS user can benefit from the Change Password option on the General tab of the VPS dashboard. You should enter a new root/administrator password for the current VPS into the fields provided and click Change. Note that VZCC does not check the entered password as to its length and non-conformity to dictionary entries, so choosing a simple password rests entirely at your own risk. It is recommended to use a chaotic set of lowercase (a-z) and uppercase (A-Z) letters, digits (0-9), and punctuation marks as root/administrator password. The following punctuation marks are allowed:! $ % &, ( ) * + -. / ; : < = >? [ \ ] ^ _ { }. The space character, #, symbols are not allowed. The password should not be less than 5 or more than 14 characters. Note: The password of the Service VPS user proper can only be changed via VZMC by the Node administrator (the detailed information is presented in VZMC User's Guide > Advanced Tasks > Creating Service VPS Users). Adjusting VPS Configuration and Advanced Settings The Preferences page allows you to adjust the main settings for your Virtual Private Server. This page is displayed on clicking the Preferences icon on the General tab of the VPS dashboard. To change the existing root/administrator password, you should enter the new password into the fields provided under the Password group. Note that VZCC does not check the entered password as to its length and non-conformity to dictionary entries, so choosing a simple password rests entirely at your own risk. It is recommended to use a chaotic set of lowercase and uppercase letters, digits, and punctuation marks as root/administrator password. Note: Remember that each VPS root/ Administrator user exercises full control over his/her VPS, has his/her own user credentials (name and password) to access the VPS and enjoys an unlimited access to other user accounts inside this VPS, i.e. s/he has any right granted to a privately owned physical server as opposed to the Hardware Node administrator's authority or the rights of the other VPSs users in regard to the given VPS. Any VPS user can be a member of an Active Directory domain (e.g. access any of the network shares to which the VPS user has rights). The SLM Configuration group lets you choose the way to manage the VPS resources: The Old-style UBC resource management option tells the system to use all those fine-grained parameters for system resources allocation that have always been part of Virtuozzo traditional resource management. The SLM-only resource management option allows you to reduce a set of memory-related parameters to a single slmmemorylimit parameter, which essentially denotes the amount of RAM the given VPS is allowed to use. The Use both UBC and SLM in parallel option validates both of the schemes above for putting restrictions on the usage of system resources by the VPS.

26 Managing VPSs 26 Note: This group of options is displayed only if SLM is globally enabled on the Hardware Node. To enable SLM, follow the VZLinuxNewSLM guide to be found in the Virtuozzo distribution kit. The Operating System group allows you to change the OS template version the current Virtual Private Server is based on by selecting the right OS version on the drop-down menu. Note: Make sure you have backed up your Virtual Private Server in case something goes wrong during the OS system upgrading/downgrading. Expand the Advanced group to: Make the Virtual Private Server automatically boot at the Hardware Node startup. For this purpose, select the Start on Hardware Node boot checkbox. Have the VPS start disabled by selecting the Disable this VPS checkbox (may be caused by business requirements). Enable the offline management feature of the corresponding VPS ensuring the VPS manageability by means of VZPP from any browser at its own IP address. After the offline management feature is enabled for the Virtual Private Server, one port of its IP address becomes permanently active whatever the VPS state. To enable this feature, just select the Enable default offline management checkbox. Set the Capabilities in the corresponding group, which have been designed to: switch on/off the network browsing for the VPS. The Windows 2003 browser service allows the VPS on a Windows 2003 network to view all the network environment available. The browser service maintains a list (called the browse list) of all available domains and computers. The browse list can be viewed using Windows 2003 Explorer and is provided by a browser in the VPS. The default for the feature is the off status. You can learn more on the option from the Network Places overview article of the Windows 2003 Help system invoked by selecting Help and Support on the Windows Start menu. enable/disable the packet QoS scheduler for the VPS. This is one of the Quality of Service components in MS Windows 2003 Server that enable differentiation and preferential treatment for subsets of data transmitted over the network. The packet scheduler is the traffic control module that regulates how much traffic various applications are allowed, essentially enforcing the QoS parameters that are set for each particular application. For instance, you can use the feature to restrict a web site throughput to a certain maximum bandwidth value or differentiate between the data transmitted by critical applications (e.g. Plesk) and excessive data (e.g. multimedia applications), and allow preferential treatment for the important web sites or critical applications. The option is disabled by default. For additional information on the packet scheduler, address the MSDN Library > Win32 and COM Development > Network Protocols > Quality of Service (QOS) ( Note: The concept of Quality of Service in MS Windows 2003 Server differs from that of Virtuozzo Quality of Service used to provide a fair share of the main system resources (disk space, CPU time, etc.) among Virtual Private Servers. let you know at a glance the ID of the VPS to which you have connected by means of RDP. This ID is displayed in the upper right corner of the remote desktop.

27 Managing VPSs 27 The options in the Capabilities group are enabled/disabled by selecting/clearing the corresponding checkboxes. The Offline management group allows you set the offline management options by selecting the appropriate radio button. Offline management feature of the corresponding VPS ensures the VPS manageability by means of one or more offline services from any browser at its own IP address. After the offline management feature is enabled for the Virtual Private Server, one port of its IP address becomes permanently active whatever the VPS state. The currently supported services are vzpp and vzpp-plesk (for managing VPSs with the Plesk control panel installed in them). You can currently: Disable the offline management of the VPS. Enable the offline management of the VPS via default offline services. The default services list is compiled by the Hardware Node administrator through VZMC (for more details on the offline services management see VZMC Help > Advanced Tasks > Managing Offline Services Configuration). Should any service be removed from the default services list, the VPS will be unable to be managed via the service off the list. By default, the VPS is subscribed to default offline services. Enable the offline management of the VPS via custom offline services. You can select in the corresponding checkbox(es) the service(s) you would like the VPS to be subscribed to. Press the Submit button to save the changes made. Adjusting General Configuration of Multiple VPSs There exist two configuration options that you may apply simultaneously to a multitude of VPSs. These options are whether the VPSs should be automatically started after the Hardware Node is booted up, and whether offline management is enabled for the VPSs. This is done on the Group Actions: Configure VPS(s) page. To access this page, select the relevant VPSs on the VZCC start page (with a table of VPSs), click Group Actions, select the Configure VPS General Settings option, and click Next. Select the desired options under the Start on Hardware Node boot and Enable offline management groups and click Submit for the changes to be applied to your VPSs. Starting and Stopping VPS A Virtual Private Server may be started up, restarted, and shut down like an ordinary computer. The VZCC page that provides access to these functions is available on clicking the Start/Stop VPS link on the VPS dashboard. Depending on the VPS state, only those operations are accessible that comply with its current state. For example, a running VPS cannot be started for obvious reasons, and so on. The following VPS states can be characterized as stable: Status Running Down Repairing Description The VPS is running; therefore, it may only be restarted or stopped. The VPS is stopped; therefore, it may only be started. The VPS is being repaired. You cannot perform any action on the VPS until you press the Finish Repair button on the Repair Mode page.