Chemistry 12 Worksheet Measuring Reaction Rates
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1 Chemistry 12 Worksheet Measuring Reaction Rates 1. A chemist wishes to determine the rate of reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction is: Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) oh 2(g) + ZnCl 2(aq) A piece of zinc is dropped into 1.00 L of M HCl and the following data were obtained: Time 0 s 4 s 8 s 12 s 16 s 20 s Mass of Zinc g g g g g g a) Calculate the Rate of Reaction in grams of Zn consumed per second. b) Calculate the Rate of Reaction in moles of Zn consumed per second. c) Write out the complete ionic equation for the reaction. d) What will happen to the [H + ] as the reaction proceeds? e) What will happen to the [Cl - ] as the reaction proceeds? 2. When magnesium is reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl), a reaction occurs in which hydrogen gas and magnesium chloride is formed. a) Write a balanced formula equation for this reaction. Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 1
2 b) If the rate of consumption of magnesium is 5.0 x 10-9 mol/s, find the rate of consumption of HCl in moles/s. c) If the rate of consumption of magnesium is 5.0 x 10-9 mol/s, find the rate of production of H 2 in g/s. d) If the rate of consumption of magnesium is 5.0 x 10-9 mol/s, find the rate of production of H 2 in L/s (@STP). e) If the rate of consumption of magnesium is 5.0 x 10-9 mol/s, find the mass of Mg consumed in 5.0 minutes. 3. When butane (C 4 H 10 ) is burned in air (oxygen), the products carbon dioxide and water are formed. a) Write a balanced formula equation for this reaction. b) If butane is consumed at an average rate of grams/s, determine the rate of production of CO 2 in g/s. _ 4. Given the reaction: Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 2
3 CO 2(g) + NO (g) oco (g) + NO 2(g) colourless colourless colourless brown Suggest a method which could be used to monitor the rate of this reaction. Why wouldn t total pressure be a good way to monitor the rate of this reaction? 5. Equal volumes of Fe 2+ (aq) and C 2 O 4 2- (aq) are individually reacted with 0.10 M MnO 4 - (aq), and the following data were obtained: Reactant Concentration Temperature Time for complete reaction Fe M 25 C 1.6 s C2O M 35 C 17.0 s Explain in detail why these results are obtained. 6. The longer the time of reaction, the the rate of reaction. Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 3
4 7. On the following set of axes, draw the shape of the curve you would expect if you plotted the [HCl] vs. Time, starting immediately after the two reactants are mixed. The equation for the reaction is: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) o H 2(g) + MgCl 2(aq) Explain how you got that particular shape. Be detailed. [HCl] Time 8. Give some examples of situations where we might want to increase the rate of a particular reaction. 9. Give some examples of situations where we might want to decrease the rate of a particular reaction. 10. Give two reasons why water is effective at putting out fires. Use concepts learned in this unit so far. Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 4
5 11. The following table relates the time and the mass of Zn during the reaction between Zn and 0.5M HNO 3 : Zn (s) + 2HNO 3 (aq) o H 2(g) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2(aq) Time Mass of Zn (g) 0.0 s 36.2 g 60.0 s 29.6 g s 25.0 g s 22.0 g a) Calculate the reaction rate, in g/s, from time 0 to 60 s. b) Calculate the reaction rate, in g/s, from time 120s to 180 s. c) Explain why the rate in calculation "b" is less than that of calculation "a". 12. Consider the rate of the following reaction: Fe (s) + 2HCl (aq) oh 2(g) + FeCl 2(aq) a) Is rate dependent on temperature?. Explain your answer. b) Is rate dependent on pressure?. Explain your answer. c) Is rate dependent on surface area?. Explain your answer. 13. Consider the rate of the following reaction: 2NaOCl (aq) o2nacl (aq) + O 2(g) Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 5
6 a) Is rate dependent on temperature?. Explain your answer. b) Is rate dependent on pressure?. Explain your answer. _ c) Is rate dependent on surface area?. Explain your answer. c) Is rate dependent on [NaOCl]?. Explain your answer. 14. Consider the following reaction: 2NO (g) + 2H 2(g) o N 2(g) + 2H 2 O (g) Data collected for the above reaction was used to construct the following graph: Moles of NO Time (seconds) From this graph, determine the rate of reaction in moles of NO consumed per second. Worksheet 1-1 Measuring Reaction Rates Page 6
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