Moles. Moles. Moles. Moles. Balancing Eqns. Balancing. Balancing Eqns. Symbols Yields or Produces. Like a recipe:
|
|
|
- Mervin Jordan
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Like a recipe: Balancing Eqns Reactants Products 2H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2H 2 O(l) coefficients subscripts Balancing Eqns Balancing Symbols (s) (l) (aq) (g) or Yields or Produces solid liquid (pure liquid) aqueous (dissolved in water) gas Copper(II) Chloride reacts with Iron(III) Sulfate to form Copper(II)Sulfate and Iron(III) Chloride Aluminum nitrate reacts with Sodium hydroxide to form Aluminum hydroxide and Sodium nitrate Some Types of Reactions Some Types of Reactions 1. Synthesis Al + Cl 2 AlCl 3 CaO(s) + CO 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s) 2. Decomposition HgO(s) Hg(l) + O 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s) CaO(s) + CO 2 (g) 3. Combustion Fe + O 2 Fe 2 O 3 C 4 H 10 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 4. Other Types Single Replacement Double Replacement 1
2 Know your reactions well!!!! Stoichiometry Mole 1 dozen = 12 items 1 mole = X atoms/molecules 1 gram hydrogen = X atoms of hydrogen Stoichiometry Stoichiometry Grams Atoms 1 g H 1 mole H 6.02 X atms 2 g H 12 g C 36 g C 48 g O Grams Molecules Atoms 16 g CH 4 8 g CH 4 88 g CO g Ba(NO 3 ) 2 2
3 Molar Mass 1. Molar Mass = mass of one mole 2. Element= atomic mass 1 mole of O = 16.0 grams 3. Molecule or Compound sum of all the atoms Molar Mass GMA Calculate the molar mass of Barium O 2 BaCl 2? Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3? Grams Atoms 1. How many C atoms are present in 18.0 g? (Ans: 9.03 X C) 2. What is the mass of 1.20 X atoms of Na? (Ans: 45.8 grams) GMA 3. What is the mass of 1.51 X atoms of Be?(Ans: 2.26 g) 5. How many atoms and grams are in mol of Radium? (Ans: 90.4 g, 2.41 X atoms) 1. Monoatomic Elements (C, Fe, Au) GMA 2. Molecules and Ionics (H 2 O, CaCl 2, O 2 ) 3
4 3. Molecules and formula units work the same when converting Molecules = Molecular Comps Formula Units = Ionic Compounds G M M A 1. How many calcium and chlorine atoms are in grams of Calcium Chloride? (Ans: 2.17 X atoms Cl) 2. How many hydrogen and oxygen atoms are in 3.60 grams of H 2 O? (Ans: 2.41 X atoms H) 3. Given 3.01X10 24 molecules of SO 3, find everything else. 4. Given 3.01 X molecules of Iron(III)bromide, find everything else. Mixed Examples Mixed Examples 1. How many carbon atoms are in 36.0 grams of carbon (1.81 X ) 2. How many carbon atoms are in 36.0 grams of C 2 H 6? (Ans:1.45 X atoms of C) Homework Problems (find everything else) a) 10.0 g C b) 10.0 g C 2 H 6 c) 4.0 X atoms of S d) 4.0 X molecules of SO 2 e) 0.44 moles of SO 2 4
5 Empirical Formula Empirical Formula 1. Empirical formula - simplest ratio of the elements in a compound 2. Formula Empirical Form. C 2 H 2 Al 4 S 6 C 6 H 12 O 6 C 12 H 24 O What is the EF of a compound that has g Ca and 1.60 g Cl? Rules - Go to moles - Divide by the smaller Empirical Formula Molecular Formula 2. What is the EF of a compound that is 66.0 % Ca and 34.0% P? 3. What is the EF of a compound that is 43.7 % P and 56.3 % O? 1. Empirical ratios of the elements 2. Molecular true number of each element Molecular Formula Molecular Formula EF CH 2 O MF CH 2 O (30 g/mol) C 2 H 4 O 2 (60 g/mol) C 3 H 6 O 3 (90 g/mol) C 4 H 8 O 4 (120 g/mol) 1. What is the MF of benzene if it has an EF of CH and a molar mass of 78.0 g? 2. What is the MF of a compound that is 40.9% C, 4.58 % H and 54.5 % O? It has a molar mass between 350 and 360 g/mol. 5
6 Reaction Stoich. Reaction Stoich. What coefficients mean: 2 Na + Cl 2 2NaCl 2 Na 1 Cl 2 2NaCl 4 Na 6 Na 2 Na + Cl 2 2NaCl 4 Cl 2 2 moles Na 10 moles Na ONLY WORKS FOR MOLES AND MOLECULES Reaction Stoich. Reaction Stoich. 1. How many moles of H 2 and O 2 must react to form 6 moles of H 2 O? 2. How many moles of KCl and O 2 are formed from the decomposition of 6 moles of KClO 3? 3. How many grams of oxygen are needed to react with 14.6 g of Na to form Na 2 O? (Ans: 5.08 g) 4. How many grams of P 4 and O 2 are needed to make 3.62 g of P 2 O 5? (Ans: 1.58 g, 2.04 g) Reaction Stoich. 5. What mass of oxygen is needed to react with 16.7 g of iron to form Iron(III)oxide? (Ans: 7.18 g) Calculate the mass of sodium bromide and oxygen that are formed from the decomposition of 50.0 grams of sodium bromate (NaBrO 3 ). 4Fe + 3O 2 2Fe 2 O 3 (34.1 g NaBr, 15.9 g O 2 ) 6
7 1. Sandwich analogy: 13 slices of bread 4 pieces of turkey Maximum # of sandwiches? 1. How many grams of H 2 SO 4 can be formed from the rxn of 5.00 moles of SO 3 and 2.00 moles of H 2 O? SO 3 + H 2 O H 2 SO 4 2. Totally consumed in a reaction. No leftovers (Ans: 196 g) 1. How many grams of H 2 O can be formed from the rxn of 6.00 moles of H 2 and 4.00 moles of O 2? O 2 + H 2 H 2 O 2. How many grams of NaCl can be formed from the reaction of mol of Na and mol of Cl 2? 2Na + Cl 2 2NaCl (Ans: 11.7 g) 3. How many grams of Ag can be formed from the rxn of 2.00 g of Zn and 2.50 g of silver nitrate? How much excess reactant remains? Zn + AgNO 3 Ag + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (Ans: 1.59 g Ag, 1.52 g xs zinc) 4. How many grams of Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 can be formed from the rxn of 3.50 g of Na 3 PO 4 and 6.40 g of Ba(NO 3 ) 2? Na 3 PO 4 + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + NaNO 3 (Ans: 4.92 g) 7
8 Percent Yield 6. How many grams of Ag 2 S can be formed from the rxn of 15.6 g of Ag and 2.97 g of H 2 S? (Assume O 2 is in excess) 4Ag + 2H 2 S + O 2 2Ag 2 S + 2H 2 O (Ans: 18.1 g) A. Formula: Actual Yield Theoretical Yield X 100 = % Yield Percent Yield Percent Yield 1. What is the % yield if you start with grams of C and obtain 1.49 g of H 2 gas? C + H 2 O CO + H 2 2. Carbon was heated strongly in sulfur(s 8 ) to form carbon disulfide. What is the percent yield if you start with g of sulfur and collect 12.5 g of CS 2? 4C + S 8 4CS 2 (Ans: 89.4%) (Ans: 78.0%) Percent Yield grams of CO 2 were formed from the rxn of 40.0 g of CH 3 OH and 46.0 g of O 2. What is the % yield? 2CH 3 OH + 3O 2 2CO 2 + 4H 2 O (ANS: 87%) 8
9 In this experiment, magnesium chloride was prepared and its empirical formula was compared to the accepted formula of MgCl 2. To prepare magnesium chloride, 0.40 grams of magnesium powder was combined with 10 ml of 0.10 M HCl. The mixture was allowed to react, and heated to dryness. The mass of the resulting crystals was used to calculate the empirical formula. The average calculated formula of MgCl 1.8 had a 10% error and a range was 0.40 chlorine atoms. This procedure was not effective because while it was accurate, it was not precise. 8a) SO 3 + H 2 O H 2 SO 4 b) B 2 S 3 + 6H 2 O 2H 3 BO 3 + 3H 2 S c) 4PH 3 + 8O 2 6H 2 O + P 4 O 10 d) 2Hg(NO 3 ) 2 2HgO + 4NO 2 + O 2 e) Cu + 2H 2 SO 4 CuSO 4 + SO 2 + 2H 2 O 12.a) a) b) b) c) c) d) d) e) e) f) g) a) 4Al + 3O 2 2Al 2 O 3 b) Cu(OH) 2 CuO + H 2 O c) C 7 H O 2 7CO 2 + 8H 2 O d) 2C 5 H 12 O + 15O 2 10CO H 2 O a) 44.0 g/mol b) g/mol c) 58.3 g/mol d) 60.0 g/mol e) amu g/mole 92.3% C g/mole 4.5% H g/mole 6.1% H g/mole 65.01% Pt g/mole 11.8% O g/mole 70.8 % C 46 a)k 3 PO 4 b) Na 2 SiF 6 c) C 12 H 12 N 2 O 3 48 a) H 2 C 2 O 4 b) C 4 H 8 O 2 50 a) C 13 H 18 O 2 b) C 5 H 14 N 2 c) C 9 H 13 O 3 N 9
10 58.a) mol CO 2 b) 14.7 g C 6 H 12 O 6 c) 7.16 g CO a) mol Fe 2 O3 b) 78.9 g CO c) 105 g Fe d) 229 g= 229 g 48.a) H 2 C 2 O 4 b) C 4 H 8 O a) C 13 H 8 O 2 b)c 5 H 14 N 2 c) C 9 H 13 O 3 N 58.a) mol CO 2 b) 14.7 g C 6 H 12 O 6 c) 7.18 g CO 2 60.a) Fe 2 O 3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO 2 b) 78.9 g CO 2 c) 124 g CO 2 d) 229 g = 229 g 62.a) CaH 2 + 2H 2 O Ca(OH) 2 + 2H 2 b) g CaH2 64. a) 15.6 mol O 2 b) 35.0 g O 2 c) g mol Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 form mol Al(OH) 3 react mol AL(OH) 3 remain 74.a) O 2 is limiting reactant b) 1.86 g H 2 O produced c) g NH 3 remain d) 4.25 g = 4.25 g g H 2 SO g PbSO g HC 2 H 3 O C 2 H 6 + Cl 2 C 2 H 5 Cl + HCl 232 g C 2 H 5 Cl (theoretical yield) 88.8% yield 80. Actual yield of Na 2 S = 1.80 g (1.95 g is the theoretical yield) The atmosphere of Jupiter is composed almost entirely of hydrogen (H 2 ) and helium (He). If the average molar mass of Jupiter s atmosphere is g/mole, calculate the percent composition. 10
Chemistry B11 Chapter 4 Chemical reactions
Chemistry B11 Chapter 4 Chemical reactions Chemical reactions are classified into five groups: A + B AB Synthesis reactions (Combination) H + O H O AB A + B Decomposition reactions (Analysis) NaCl Na +Cl
Unit 10A Stoichiometry Notes
Unit 10A Stoichiometry Notes Stoichiometry is a big word for a process that chemist s use to calculate amounts in reactions. It makes use of the coefficient ratio set up by balanced reaction equations
Tutorial 4 SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY. Solution stoichiometry calculations involve chemical reactions taking place in solution.
T-27 Tutorial 4 SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY Solution stoichiometry calculations involve chemical reactions taking place in solution. Of the various methods of expressing solution concentration the most convenient
Calculations and Chemical Equations. Example: Hydrogen atomic weight = 1.008 amu Carbon atomic weight = 12.001 amu
Calculations and Chemical Equations Atomic mass: Mass of an atom of an element, expressed in atomic mass units Atomic mass unit (amu): 1.661 x 10-24 g Atomic weight: Average mass of all isotopes of a given
Study Guide For Chapter 7
Name: Class: Date: ID: A Study Guide For Chapter 7 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The number of atoms in a mole of any pure substance
Stoichiometry Review
Stoichiometry Review There are 20 problems in this review set. Answers, including problem set-up, can be found in the second half of this document. 1. N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g) --------> 2NH 3 (g) a. nitrogen
Chem 1100 Chapter Three Study Guide Answers Outline I. Molar Mass and Moles A. Calculations of Molar Masses
Chem 1100 Chapter Three Study Guide Answers Outline I. Molar Mass and Moles A. Calculations of Molar Masses B. Calculations of moles C. Calculations of number of atoms from moles/molar masses 1. Avagadro
How To Calculate Mass In Chemical Reactions
We have used the mole concept to calculate mass relationships in chemical formulas Molar mass of ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH)? Molar mass = 2 x 12.011 + 6 x 1.008 + 1 x15.999 = 46.069 g/mol Mass percentage of
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry Key Skills: Balance chemical equations Predict the products of simple combination, decomposition, and combustion reactions. Calculate formula weights Convert grams to moles and
Chemical Calculations: Formula Masses, Moles, and Chemical Equations
Chemical Calculations: Formula Masses, Moles, and Chemical Equations Atomic Mass & Formula Mass Recall from Chapter Three that the average mass of an atom of a given element can be found on the periodic
Moles. Balanced chemical equations Molar ratios Mass Composition Empirical and Molecular Mass Predicting Quantities Equations
Moles Balanced chemical equations Molar ratios Mass Composition Empirical and Molecular Mass Predicting Quantities Equations Micro World atoms & molecules Macro World grams Atomic mass is the mass of an
Chemical Equations. Chemical Equations. Chemical reactions describe processes involving chemical change
Chemical Reactions Chemical Equations Chemical reactions describe processes involving chemical change The chemical change involves rearranging matter Converting one or more pure substances into new pure
Chapter 5. Chemical Reactions and Equations. Introduction. Chapter 5 Topics. 5.1 What is a Chemical Reaction
Introduction Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chemical reactions occur all around us. How do we make sense of these changes? What patterns can we find? 1 2 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Balancing Chemical Equations Worksheet
Balancing Chemical Equations Worksheet Student Instructions 1. Identify the reactants and products and write a word equation. 2. Write the correct chemical formula for each of the reactants and the products.
Chapter 3. Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry. Lecture Presentation. James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT
Lecture Presentation Chapter 3 Chemical Reactions and Reaction James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT The study of the mass relationships in chemistry Based on the Law of Conservation of Mass
Chapter 1 The Atomic Nature of Matter
Chapter 1 The Atomic Nature of Matter 6. Substances that cannot be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by chemical means are called a. pure substances. b. compounds. c. molecules. d. elements.
Moles, Molecules, and Grams Worksheet Answer Key
Moles, Molecules, and Grams Worksheet Answer Key 1) How many are there in 24 grams of FeF 3? 1.28 x 10 23 2) How many are there in 450 grams of Na 2 SO 4? 1.91 x 10 24 3) How many grams are there in 2.3
Chem 31 Fall 2002. Chapter 3. Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations. Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
Chem 31 Fall 2002 Chapter 3 Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations 1. Write Equation in Words -you cannot write an equation unless you
Balance the following equation: KClO 3 + C 12 H 22 O 11 KCl + CO 2 + H 2 O
Balance the following equation: KClO 3 + C 12 H 22 O 11 KCl + CO 2 + H 2 O Ans: 8 KClO 3 + C 12 H 22 O 11 8 KCl + 12 CO 2 + 11 H 2 O 3.2 Chemical Symbols at Different levels Chemical symbols represent
Stoichiometry. Lecture Examples Answer Key
Stoichiometry Lecture Examples Answer Key Ex. 1 Balance the following chemical equations: 3 NaBr + 1 H 3 PO 4 3 HBr + 1 Na 3 PO 4 2 C 3 H 5 N 3 O 9 6 CO 2 + 3 N 2 + 5 H 2 O + 9 O 2 2 Ca(OH) 2 + 2 SO 2
Formulas, Equations and Moles
Chapter 3 Formulas, Equations and Moles Interpreting Chemical Equations You can interpret a balanced chemical equation in many ways. On a microscopic level, two molecules of H 2 react with one molecule
Liquid phase. Balance equation Moles A Stoic. coefficient. Aqueous phase
STOICHIOMETRY Objective The purpose of this exercise is to give you some practice on some Stoichiometry calculations. Discussion The molecular mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of all
1. How many hydrogen atoms are in 1.00 g of hydrogen?
MOLES AND CALCULATIONS USING THE MOLE CONCEPT INTRODUCTORY TERMS A. What is an amu? 1.66 x 10-24 g B. We need a conversion to the macroscopic world. 1. How many hydrogen atoms are in 1.00 g of hydrogen?
Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
Name Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations Period When a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed. This results in one or more new substances, often
Other Stoich Calculations A. mole mass (mass mole) calculations. GIVEN mol A x CE mol B. PT g A CE mol A MOLE MASS :
Chem. I Notes Ch. 12, part 2 Using Moles NOTE: Vocabulary terms are in boldface and underlined. Supporting details are in italics. 1 MOLE = 6.02 x 10 23 representative particles (representative particles
IB Chemistry 1 Mole. One atom of C-12 has a mass of 12 amu. One mole of C-12 has a mass of 12 g. Grams we can use more easily.
The Mole Atomic mass units and atoms are not convenient units to work with. The concept of the mole was invented. This was the number of atoms of carbon-12 that were needed to make 12 g of carbon. 1 mole
CHEMICAL REACTIONS. Chemistry 51 Chapter 6
CHEMICAL REACTIONS A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms in which some of the original bonds are broken and new bonds are formed to give different chemical structures. In a chemical reaction,
Chemical Equations & Stoichiometry
Chemical Equations & Stoichiometry Chapter Goals Balance equations for simple chemical reactions. Perform stoichiometry calculations using balanced chemical equations. Understand the meaning of the term
Chapter 3! Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations. Stoichiometry
Chapter 3! : Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations Anatomy of a Chemical Equation CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + 2 H 2 O (g) Anatomy of a Chemical Equation CH 4 (g) + 2 O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + 2
Stoichiometry. What is the atomic mass for carbon? For zinc?
Stoichiometry Atomic Mass (atomic weight) Atoms are so small, it is difficult to discuss how much they weigh in grams We use atomic mass units an atomic mass unit (AMU) is one twelfth the mass of the catbon-12
1. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al is. Al (s) + H 2 O (l)? Al(OH) 3 (s) + H 2 (g)
1. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al is. Al (s) + H 2 O (l)? Al(OH) (s) + H 2 (g) A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5 E) Al (s) + H 2 O (l)? Al(OH) (s) + H 2 (g) Al (s) + H 2 O (l)? Al(OH)
Formulae, stoichiometry and the mole concept
3 Formulae, stoichiometry and the mole concept Content 3.1 Symbols, Formulae and Chemical equations 3.2 Concept of Relative Mass 3.3 Mole Concept and Stoichiometry Learning Outcomes Candidates should be
Answers and Solutions to Text Problems
Chapter 7 Answers and Solutions 7 Answers and Solutions to Text Problems 7.1 A mole is the amount of a substance that contains 6.02 x 10 23 items. For example, one mole of water contains 6.02 10 23 molecules
Calculating Atoms, Ions, or Molecules Using Moles
TEKS REVIEW 8B Calculating Atoms, Ions, or Molecules Using Moles TEKS 8B READINESS Use the mole concept to calculate the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in a sample TEKS_TXT of material. Vocabulary
W1 WORKSHOP ON STOICHIOMETRY
INTRODUCTION W1 WORKSHOP ON STOICHIOMETRY These notes and exercises are designed to introduce you to the basic concepts required to understand a chemical formula or equation. Relative atomic masses of
The Mole Concept and Atoms
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 4 24 September 2013 Calculations and the Chemical Equation The Mole Concept and Atoms Atoms are exceedingly
Balancing Chemical Equations Practice
Science Objectives Students will describe what reactants and products in a chemical equation mean. Students will explain the difference between coefficients and subscripts in chemical equations. Students
IB Chemistry. DP Chemistry Review
DP Chemistry Review Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry 1.1 The mole concept and Avogadro s constant Assessment statement Apply the mole concept to substances. Determine the number of particles and the amount
= 11.0 g (assuming 100 washers is exact).
CHAPTER 8 1. 100 washers 0.110 g 1 washer 100. g 1 washer 0.110 g = 11.0 g (assuming 100 washers is exact). = 909 washers 2. The empirical formula is CFH from the structure given. The empirical formula
SCH 4C1 Unit 2 Problem Set Questions taken from Frank Mustoe et all, "Chemistry 11", McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2001
SCH 4C1 Unit 2 Problem Set Questions taken from Frank Mustoe et all, "Chemistry 11", McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2001 1. A small pin contains 0.0178 mol of iron. How many atoms of iron are in the pin? 2. A sample
Chapter 5, Calculations and the Chemical Equation
1. How many iron atoms are present in one mole of iron? Ans. 6.02 1023 atoms 2. How many grams of sulfur are found in 0.150 mol of sulfur? [Use atomic weight: S, 32.06 amu] Ans. 4.81 g 3. How many moles
1. Read P. 368-375, P. 382-387 & P. 429-436; P. 375 # 1-11 & P. 389 # 1,7,9,12,15; P. 436 #1, 7, 8, 11
SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY SOLUTION & ACID/BASE WORKSHEET Name: The importance of water - MAKING CONNECTION READING 1. Read P. 368-375, P. 382-387 & P. 429-436; P. 375 # 1-11 & P. 389 # 1,7,9,12,15; P. 436
Unit 6 The Mole Concept
Chemistry Form 3 Page 62 Ms. R. Buttigieg Unit 6 The Mole Concept See Chemistry for You Chapter 28 pg. 352-363 See GCSE Chemistry Chapter 5 pg. 70-79 6.1 Relative atomic mass. The relative atomic mass
Chapter 5 Chemical Quantities and Reactions. Collection Terms. 5.1 The Mole. A Mole of a Compound. A Mole of Atoms.
Chapter 5 Chemical Quantities and Reactions 5.1 The Mole Collection Terms A collection term states a specific number of items. 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets 1 case = 24 cans 1
Chemistry: Chemical Equations
Chemistry: Chemical Equations Write a balanced chemical equation for each word equation. Include the phase of each substance in the equation. Classify the reaction as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement,
Ch. 10 The Mole I. Molar Conversions
Ch. 10 The Mole I. Molar Conversions I II III IV A. What is the Mole? A counting number (like a dozen) Avogadro s number (N A ) 1 mole = 6.022 10 23 representative particles B. Mole/Particle Conversions
Honors Chemistry: Unit 6 Test Stoichiometry PRACTICE TEST ANSWER KEY Page 1. A chemical equation. (C-4.4)
Honors Chemistry: Unit 6 Test Stoichiometry PRACTICE TEST ANSWER KEY Page 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Question What is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction? What 3 things (values) is a mole of a chemical
English already has many collective nouns for fixed, given numbers of objects. Some of the more common collective nouns are shown in Table 7.1.
96 Chapter 7: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions are written showing a few individual atoms or molecules reacting to form a few atoms or molecules of products.
Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions
Chapter 8: Chemical Equations and Reactions I. Describing Chemical Reactions A. A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances. A chemical
Unit 9 Stoichiometry Notes (The Mole Continues)
Unit 9 Stoichiometry Notes (The Mole Continues) is a big word for a process that chemist s use to calculate amounts in reactions. It makes use of the coefficient ratio set up by balanced reaction equations
Chapter 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Chapter 3 Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions Student: 1. An atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. Which choice makes the correct comparison of the relative
Chapter 8 - Chemical Equations and Reactions
Chapter 8 - Chemical Equations and Reactions 8-1 Describing Chemical Reactions I. Introduction A. Reactants 1. Original substances entering into a chemical rxn B. Products 1. The resulting substances from
Steps for balancing a chemical equation
The Chemical Equation: A Chemical Recipe Dr. Gergens - SD Mesa College A. Learn the meaning of these arrows. B. The chemical equation is the shorthand notation for a chemical reaction. A chemical equation
CP Chemistry Review for Stoichiometry Test
CP Chemistry Review for Stoichiometry Test Stoichiometry Problems (one given reactant): 1. Make sure you have a balanced chemical equation 2. Convert to moles of the known substance. (Use the periodic
PART I: MULTIPLE CHOICE (30 multiple choice questions. Each multiple choice question is worth 2 points)
CHEMISTRY 123-07 Midterm #1 Answer key October 14, 2010 Statistics: Average: 74 p (74%); Highest: 97 p (95%); Lowest: 33 p (33%) Number of students performing at or above average: 67 (57%) Number of students
Chapter 6 Chemical Calculations
Chapter 6 Chemical Calculations 1 Submicroscopic Macroscopic 2 Chapter Outline 1. Formula Masses (Ch 6.1) 2. Percent Composition (supplemental material) 3. The Mole & Avogadro s Number (Ch 6.2) 4. Molar
UNIT (4) CALCULATIONS AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS
UNIT (4) CALCULATIONS AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS 4.1 Formula Masses Recall that the decimal number written under the symbol of the element in the periodic table is the atomic mass of the element. 1 7 8 12
Sample Exercise 3.1 Interpreting and Balancing Chemical Equations
Sample Exercise 3.1 Interpreting and Balancing Chemical Equations The following diagram represents a chemical reaction in which the red spheres are oxygen atoms and the blue spheres are nitrogen atoms.
Stoichiometry. Unit Outline
3 Stoichiometry Unit Outline 3.1 The Mole and Molar Mass 3.2 Stoichiometry and Compound Formulas 3.3 Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions 3.4 Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants 3.5 Chemical Analysis
The Mole Concept. The Mole. Masses of molecules
The Mole Concept Ron Robertson r2 c:\files\courses\1110-20\2010 final slides for web\mole concept.docx The Mole The mole is a unit of measurement equal to 6.022 x 10 23 things (to 4 sf) just like there
Name: Class: Date: 2 4 (aq)
Name: Class: Date: Unit 4 Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The balanced molecular equation for complete neutralization of
How much does a single atom weigh? Different elements weigh different amounts related to what makes them unique.
How much does a single atom weigh? Different elements weigh different amounts related to what makes them unique. What units do we use to define the weight of an atom? amu units of atomic weight. (atomic
neutrons are present?
AP Chem Summer Assignment Worksheet #1 Atomic Structure 1. a) For the ion 39 K +, state how many electrons, how many protons, and how many 19 neutrons are present? b) Which of these particles has the smallest
Chemistry Themed. Types of Reactions
Chemistry Themed Types of Reactions 1 2 Chemistry in the Community-2015-2016 Types of Reactions Date In-Class Assignment Homework T 10/20 TEST on Reactivity of Metals and Redox None W 10/21 Late Start
Molar Mass Worksheet Answer Key
Molar Mass Worksheet Answer Key Calculate the molar masses of the following chemicals: 1) Cl 2 71 g/mol 2) KOH 56.1 g/mol 3) BeCl 2 80 g/mol 4) FeCl 3 162.3 g/mol 5) BF 3 67.8 g/mol 6) CCl 2 F 2 121 g/mol
Experiment 5. Chemical Reactions A + X AX AX A + X A + BX AX + B AZ + BX AX + BZ
Experiment 5 Chemical Reactions OBJECTIVES 1. To observe the various criteria that are used to indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred. 2. To convert word equations into balanced inorganic chemical
The Mole. 6.022 x 10 23
The Mole 6.022 x 10 23 Background: atomic masses Look at the atomic masses on the periodic table. What do these represent? E.g. the atomic mass of Carbon is 12.01 (atomic # is 6) We know there are 6 protons
Name Class Date. Section: Calculating Quantities in Reactions. Complete each statement below by writing the correct term or phrase.
Skills Worksheet Concept Review Section: Calculating Quantities in Reactions Complete each statement below by writing the correct term or phrase. 1. All stoichiometric calculations involving equations
Unit 2: Quantities in Chemistry
Mass, Moles, & Molar Mass Relative quantities of isotopes in a natural occurring element (%) E.g. Carbon has 2 isotopes C-12 and C-13. Of Carbon s two isotopes, there is 98.9% C-12 and 11.1% C-13. Find
Calculation of Molar Masses. Molar Mass. Solutions. Solutions
Molar Mass Molar mass = Mass in grams of one mole of any element, numerically equal to its atomic weight Molar mass of molecules can be determined from the chemical formula and molar masses of elements
Molarity of Ions in Solution
APPENDIX A Molarity of Ions in Solution ften it is necessary to calculate not only the concentration (in molarity) of a compound in aqueous solution but also the concentration of each ion in aqueous solution.
Concept 1. The meaning and usefulness of the mole. The mole (or mol) represents a certain number of objects.
Chapter 3. Stoichiometry: Mole-Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions Concept 1. The meaning and usefulness of the mole The mole (or mol) represents a certain number of objects. SI def.: the amount of
Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet
Percent Composition and Molecular Formula Worksheet 1. What s the empirical formula of a molecule containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% 2. If the molar mass of the compound in problem 1 is
6 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
6 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Water is by far the most common medium in which chemical reactions occur naturally. It is not hard to see this: 70% of our body mass is water and about 70% of the surface
Solution a homogeneous mixture = A solvent + solute(s) Aqueous solution water is the solvent
Solution a homogeneous mixture = A solvent + solute(s) Aqueous solution water is the solvent Water a polar solvent: dissolves most ionic compounds as well as many molecular compounds Aqueous solution:
CHEM 110: CHAPTER 3: STOICHIOMETRY: CALCULATIONS WITH CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS
1 CHEM 110: CHAPTER 3: STOICHIOMETRY: CALCULATIONS WITH CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS The Chemical Equation A chemical equation concisely shows the initial (reactants) and final (products) results of
Mole Notes.notebook. October 29, 2014
1 2 How do chemists count atoms/formula units/molecules? How do we go from the atomic scale to the scale of everyday measurements (macroscopic scale)? The gateway is the mole! But before we get to the
Appendix D. Reaction Stoichiometry D.1 INTRODUCTION
Appendix D Reaction Stoichiometry D.1 INTRODUCTION In Appendix A, the stoichiometry of elements and compounds was presented. There, the relationships among grams, moles and number of atoms and molecules
Chemistry Final Study Guide
Name: Class: Date: Chemistry Final Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The electrons involved in the formation of a covalent bond
Description of the Mole Concept:
Description of the Mole Concept: Suppose you were sent into the store to buy 36 eggs. When you picked them up you would get 3 boxes, each containing 12 eggs. You just used a mathematical device, called
Chapter 4. Chemical Composition. Chapter 4 Topics H 2 S. 4.1 Mole Quantities. The Mole Scale. Molar Mass The Mass of 1 Mole
Chapter 4 Chemical Composition Chapter 4 Topics 1. Mole Quantities 2. Moles, Masses, and Particles 3. Determining Empirical Formulas 4. Chemical Composition of Solutions Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies,
David A. Katz Chemist, Educator, Science Communicator, and Consultant Department of Chemistry, Pima Community College
WRITING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS 2004, 2002, 1989 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved. Permission for classroom used provided original copyright is included. David A. Katz Chemist, Educator, Science Communicator,
1. What is the molecular formula of a compound with the empirical formula PO and a gram-molecular mass of 284 grams?
Name: Tuesday, May 20, 2008 1. What is the molecular formula of a compound with the empirical formula PO and a gram-molecular mass of 284 grams? 2 5 1. P2O 5 3. P10O4 2. P5O 2 4. P4O10 2. Which substance
Atomic mass is the mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu)
Micro World atoms & molecules Laboratory scale measurements Atomic mass is the mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu) By definition: 1 atom 12 C weighs 12 amu On this scale 1 H = 1.008 amu 16 O = 16.00
CHAPTER 3 Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations. atoms in a FORMULA UNIT
CHAPTER 3 Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations MOLECULAR WEIGHT (M. W.) Sum of the Atomic Weights of all atoms in a MOLECULE of a substance. FORMULA WEIGHT (F. W.) Sum of the atomic Weights
Chapter 3 Stoichiometry
Chapter 3 Stoichiometry 3-1 Chapter 3 Stoichiometry In This Chapter As you have learned in previous chapters, much of chemistry involves using macroscopic measurements to deduce what happens between atoms
Aqueous Solutions. Water is the dissolving medium, or solvent. Some Properties of Water. A Solute. Types of Chemical Reactions.
Aqueous Solutions and Solution Stoichiometry Water is the dissolving medium, or solvent. Some Properties of Water Water is bent or V-shaped. The O-H bonds are covalent. Water is a polar molecule. Hydration
Part One: Mass and Moles of Substance. Molecular Mass = sum of the Atomic Masses in a molecule
CHAPTER THREE: CALCULATIONS WITH CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS Part One: Mass and Moles of Substance A. Molecular Mass and Formula Mass. (Section 3.1) 1. Just as we can talk about mass of one atom of
MOLES AND MOLE CALCULATIONS
35 MOLES ND MOLE CLCULTIONS INTRODUCTION The purpose of this section is to present some methods for calculating both how much of each reactant is used in a chemical reaction, and how much of each product
CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND FORMULA WEIGHT CALCULATIONS
CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND FORMULA WEIGHT CALCULATIONS 1. THE MEANING OF A CHEMICAL FORMULA A chemical formula is a shorthand method of representing the elements in a compound. The formula shows the formulas
Stoichiometry. 1. The total number of moles represented by 20 grams of calcium carbonate is (1) 1; (2) 2; (3) 0.1; (4) 0.2.
Stoichiometry 1 The total number of moles represented by 20 grams of calcium carbonate is (1) 1; (2) 2; (3) 01; (4) 02 2 A 44 gram sample of a hydrate was heated until the water of hydration was driven
= 16.00 amu. = 39.10 amu
Using Chemical Formulas Objective 1: Calculate the formula mass or molar mass of any given compound. The Formula Mass of any molecule, formula unit, or ion is the sum of the average atomic masses of all
CHEMISTRY II FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Name Period CHEMISTRY II FINAL EXAM REVIEW Final Exam: approximately 75 multiple choice questions Ch 12: Stoichiometry Ch 5 & 6: Electron Configurations & Periodic Properties Ch 7 & 8: Bonding Ch 14: Gas
Problem Solving. Stoichiometry of Gases
Skills Worksheet Problem Solving Stoichiometry of Gases Now that you have worked with relationships among moles, mass, and volumes of gases, you can easily put these to work in stoichiometry calculations.
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND REACTING MASSES AND VOLUMES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND REACTING MASSES AND VOLUMES The meaning of stoichiometric coefficients: 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2 H 2 O(l) number of reacting particles 2 molecules of hydrogen react with 1 molecule
ATOMS. Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 3 ATOMS AND MOLECULES Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following correctly represents 360 g of water? (i) 2 moles of H 2 0 (ii) 20 moles of water (iii) 6.022 10 23 molecules of water (iv)
Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions
Chapter 7 Page 1 Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions A chemical reaction: a process in which at least one new substance is formed as the result of a chemical change. A + B C + D Reactants Products Evidence that
HOMEWORK 4A. Definitions. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. Questions
HOMEWORK 4A Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 1. Indicate whether a reaction will occur or not in each of following. Wtiring a balcnced equation is not necessary. (a) Magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric
Chemical Equations and Chemical Reactions. Chapter 8.1
Chemical Equations and Chemical Reactions Chapter 8.1 Objectives List observations that suggest that a chemical reaction has taken place List the requirements for a correctly written chemical equation.
Lecture 5, The Mole. What is a mole?
Lecture 5, The Mole What is a mole? Moles Atomic mass unit and the mole amu definition: 12 C = 12 amu. The atomic mass unit is defined this way. 1 amu = 1.6605 x 10-24 g How many 12 C atoms weigh 12 g?