Methanol aus Biomasse- Rohstoff für die chemische Industrie

Transcription

1 Methanol aus Biomasse- Rohstoff für die chemische Industrie Dr. Ulrich Berger, Lurgi GmbH Industrielle Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe Chemie, Biotechnologie, Verfahrenstechnik, Frankfurt

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3 ... today we are trying to be more sophisticated: The use of Biomass: Challenges, Hurdles, Concepts 2 nd Generation: Routes from Biomass to Synfuels and Chemicals Technology Overview and Status: Pretreatment Pyrolysis Conversion Gasification Methanol Synthesis Methanol Downstream Technologies Economics 3

4 Portrait of Lurgi Engineering Capabilities Focus on proprietary technologies Focus on Process Engineering, Procurement and Construction Technology Portfolio Positioned for Future Basic Facts on Lurgi Founded in 1897 Sales Million Euros 1,400 Employees worldwide Air Liquide Group Company since 2007 Air Liquide Trinidad 42,000 Nm 3 /h 4

5 Lurgi Product Portfolio 5

6 Die Steinzeit ging nicht zu Ende, weil uns die Steine ausgingen, und das Zeitalter des Öls wird auch nicht zu Ende gehen, weil uns das Öl ausgeht Scheich Zaki Yamani, 1974 ehemaliger Saudi-Arabischer Ölminister 6

7 Development of Worldwide Energy Consumption MBDOE ( Million Barrels / Day of Oil Equivalent Required Investment in Energy $20.2 Trillion (in $ 2005) Years 25 Years Energy consumption will approx. increase by 50% between 2005 and 2030 In 25 years, renewable energy will be equivalent to the amount of energy from fossil fuels today Source: Shell

8 Escape the Oil Trap Biomass is the only carbon containing renewable resource Ø Biomass used for chemical production prior to energy generation Syngas and Methanol are the key to synthetic products Ø Broad and flexible product range for energy and chemistry Adoption of proven technologies and existing infrastructure Structural redirection in agriculture and forestry ØNew income source and employment for agriculture 8 Quelle: FZK

9 From Natural Resources to Consumers Products Crude Oil Natural Resources Natural Gas Gas Coal Associated Condensates Gas Bio Resources Bio Mass Purification/ Treatment Upgrading/ Conversion n a tio tiliz U Specialties Specialties Technical Abtrennung Applications n-/iso-butan Fuels & Fueladditives Trennung Energy BDO- Food Anlage Polymers MEK- Synthese Plastics Health BDO- Hygienics Anlage Consumers` Requirements 9

10 Hurdles for using Biomass 10

11 The use of Biomass: Challenges, Hurdles, Concepts A Major Issue Energy Density Model shows the volume of different materials which is equivalent to 1 ltr of petrochemical oil How to design the logistics of Largescale plants? 11

12 Biomass as Feedstock 12

13 Pyrolysis Process of Lurgi / FZK Straw, Hay a.o. M Shredder w s tra e d d re, s h ld o C Heizer Heater Sandkreislauf Cycle c a. 5 0 Pyrolysis gas d s a n t o hcooler Pyrolysis Oil Slurry Coke Pyrolysis Coke The Lurgi flash-coker M Double Screw Reactor Source: FZK 13

14 Slurry mixed with Pyrolysis coke Joint grinding of pyrolysis oil and coke give pump able/ storable slurry Energy concentration from biomass to slurry by factor 13 ca. 80% of the energy content of the biomass is contained in the slurry = Bioliq Syncrude Straw Char Condensate Slurry + HHV: 17 MJ/kg 35 MJ/kg 16 MJ/kg 22 MJ/kg Bioliq Syncrude 14

15 Synthetic Fuels from Coal and Biomass: Fast Pyrolysis Development Bioliq Technology Under Development Bioliq Technology under Development with FZ Karlsruhe Capacity : 500 kg / h straw / biomass to approx. 350 kg / h Bioliq-Syncrude 15

16 MPG Gasifier Temperatures approx C Tar free Syngas Suited for high ash content Gasification with pure O 2 High pressure, 30 to 80 bar Complete carbon conversion in seconds 16

17 Application for Syngas 17

18 Methanol Synthesis Two-Step (Combined) Synthesis Gas Cooled Reactor Water Cooled Reactor HP-Steam Make up Gas Purge Gas Crude Methanol BFW (Boiler Feed Water) 18

19 Two-Step Methanol Synthesis (Combined Converter) Optimum Reaction route High conversion rate No catalyst poisoning Simple reaction control High MeOH yield High energy efficiency Heat converted to HP steam Large Single Train Capacity at Low Investment 19

20 The MegaMeOH Process - As-built Atlas Methanol t/d, tpa, commissioned 2004 ASU Distillation Water Boiler Treatment ATR PSA Steam Raising Reactor Gas Cooled Reactor Titan mt/d Steam Reformer Plot x400 m

21 Methanol Market New Applications for Methanol Methanol Co-polymers Olefines Polypropylene DME Energyproduction Diesel Gasoline 21

22 Lurgi s MTP: Gas to Propylene MTP : Simplified Process Flow Diagram Methanol Mt/a = 5000 t/d Fuel Gas internal use optional Ethylene 20 kt/a DME Pre- Reactor Product Conditioning Propylene 474 kt/a 1) LPG 41 kt/a Olefin Recycle Water Recycle 1) Propylene Purity 99.6 wt. % MTP Reactors (2 operating + 1 regenerating) Process Water 935 kt/a for internal use Product Fractionation Gasoline 185 kt/a 22

23 Lurgi s MTP: Gas to Propylene MTP : Technical Highlights Propylene production maximised Optional ethylene available for co-polymer production Valuable by-products (Gasoline, LPG) Tailor-made proprietary zeolite catalyst Fixed-bed rectors (simple design, easy scale-up) Low coking of catalyst In-situ regeneration of catalyst near reaction temperature Proven process elements 23

24 Methanol to Propylene to Polypropylene Complex based on 3-train coal gasification 24

25 Integrated chemicals / fuels production based on biomass replacing crude oil Fischer Tropsch Dimethylether Fuels Biomass Syngas Plant H 2 CO DME Plant MeOH Plant COD Plant Propylene Methanol MTP Plant Kerosene Diesel Gasoline Polypropylene Fuel Additives Pipes Films Packaging ASU O 2 O 2 CO/H 2 Oxo- Alcoho l Plant Acrylic Acid Acrylates SAP Diapers Dispersions Paints Air MeOH CO Acetic Acid Plant Acetates Adhesives Solvents Films 25

26 Economics Cost of BTL Plants a wide spread * Sources: EIA Energy Outlook 2006 * ECN Report No

27 Summery The Development of Routes to Chemicals based on Biomass is the Winning Option in Future Biomass can cover 30%+ of the primary energy demand, but should primarily be used as Carbon Source Biomass is the Key Alternative for Oil and Gas Chemicals based on Biomass Need : - Basic research - Regional Demonstration - Industry Building embedded in Long Term Programs >10 years - Sustainable Support by Legislation 27

28 Thank you