Peaks of Electric and Wind Power - Where to go? Power-to-Liquid (Silicon Fire-Methanol)
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1 Peaks of Electric and Wind Power - Where to go? Power-to-Liquid (Silicon Fire-Methanol) Univ.-Prof. i.r. Dr.-Ing. Roland Meyer-Pittroff Contents: 1 Solar and Wind in the Electric Power Supply of Germany 2 The Methanol Synthesis (Power-to-Liquid) for Energy Storage 3 Renewable Methanol as Fuel 4 Vision 5 What is to be done?
2 Communism - that is Soviet power plus electrification of the whole country (Lenin 1920) I
3 Quelle: VGB und EEG/KWK Transparenzplattform der Übertragungsnetzbetreiber
4 Technische Universität München
5 Technische Universität München IASS-Workshop Sustainable Fuels, Potsdam Nov. 19th - 20th, 2013
6 Some parameters or the electrical power supply in Germany (2013): Installed PV power: Installed wind power: 35.7 GW 32.5 GW Maximum power demand: approx. 80 GW Installed pumping power of pumped storage plants: 6.5 GW Storage capacity of pumped storage plants: approx. 40 GWh Storage capacity of 1 million electric vehicles: approx. 2.5 GWh Needed storage capacity in case of 85 % renewable electricity supply: approx GWh
7 The chemical storage is the only realistic alternative so far for the storage of electric energy exceeding the capacity of pumped storage plants. To reach economically and ecologically sustainable solutions, adapted to the fluctuating generation, this is to happen: - preferably in decentralized plants - without gigantic high voltage power lines - and especially by using the produced storable energy carriers outside of the electric grid in other energy consumption sectors such as traffic or chemical industry. Processes for the chemical storage are the syntheses of methane (power-to-gas) and more profitable of methanol (power-to-liquid/silicon Fire-methanol).
8 Technische Universität München
9 Special advantages of the Silicon Fire synthesis: - The synthesis runs at moderate conditions (80 bar, 265 C) and especially selectively with high product purity (>99.9 vol.-%). - The electrolysis permits the use and storage of fluctuating electric energy with the participation of the electrolysis plants in frequency control and in standby power capacity for the electric grid. - Carbon dioxide can be buffered which otherwise would be emitted into the atmosphere. - When renewable energy and biogenic carbon dioxide are used, the Silicon Fire methanol is practically CO 2 neutral. - It is not realistic to operate the chemical energy storage on an industrial scale with only the electricity peaks from wind and solar. No chemical plant can be economically operated during such short time spans and with numerous interruptions. Silicon Fire therefore planned the combination of the CO 2 -H 2 -syngas with additional synthesis gases (e.g. from biomass or natural gas). For this syngas production, also the electrolysis oxygen can meaningfully be used ( partial oxidation ). - According to the valid EU directives, renewable fuels must have a greenhouse gas emission saving of at least 35 %. - A Silicon Fire demonstration plant has been successfully operating for three years.
10 Technische Universität München Silicon Fire-Mobilstation Reactor tower IASS-Workshop Sustainable Fuels, Potsdam Nov. 19th - 20th, 2013
11 Important fuel parameters: Parameter Volumetric lower heating value H u in kwh/liter Gasoline Methane CNG Methanol Super bar M100 8,9 2,25 4,4 Octane number RON Evaporation heat in kj/kg ca Spot market heat price (H u, without taxes) in Eurocent/kWh (NYMEX ) 6,1 1,01 Natural gas 6,7 Ethanol When converting/storing the electric energy of 10 million MWh (corresponding the production of 1.0 million metric tons of methanol), the difference between the US spot market heat prices of the produced methanol/ethanol and methane/natural gas amounts to 360 million EURO..
12 Methanol is an excellent fuel for spark ignition combustion engines. Methanol as fuel for miniature model engines
13 Methanol as high performance fuel
14 f Six full flex-fuel Brazilian automobiles The Ford Model T was the first commercial flexfuel vehicle and was capable of running on gasoline or ethanol, or a mix of both.
15 The application of methanol as coolfluid is especially advantageous for supercharged combustion engines for the additional injection cooling of the gas behind the intercooler. Output increases over 20 % and fuel consumption decreases up to 15 % are possible. MW-plant (Methanol-Water) of the fighter Messerschmitt Bf 109
16 Gas-Otto-engine with output control by means of butterfly valve and coolfluid-injection cooling of the air-fuel-mixture
17 Silicon Fire-Methanol opens the following prospects: - It can buffer 1.5 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of produced methanol. - It can contribute to the use of the renewable fluctuating current peaks and thereby to the stabilization of the electric grid. - It can have a significant share in the objective of the European Union to cover 10 % of the traffic s energy demand by 2020 from renewable sources. - It can increase the security of supply and the stability of prices of vehicle fuels by substitution of mineral oil fuels and can avoid their environmental risks. - It can establish completely new prospects for the long distance transport of renewable energies from remote regions on earth to far away demand areas. The long distance transport of methanol with tanker ships is state of the art. Appropriately altered tankers can also transport cool liquefied carbon dioxide to the methanol synthesis plants which will be erected, where so far renewable wind, solar, or water energies cannot be used for lack of consumers.
18 Lenin: What is to be done? The greatest questions of our movement. Stuttgart/Germany 1902
19 What is to be done to give the German Energiewende a new decisive impulse by means of the new storage technology Power-to-Liquid/Silicon Fire-Methanol? - The new technology should be brought to the public immediately in form of several demonstration plants in industrial scale. Plants up to 50 tons of methanol per day were designed by the Swiss Silicon Fire AG and will be built and distributed by the German Bilfinger EMS GmbH. - The German legislation must be opened to synthetic renewable fuels. The hitherto existing regulations contain the prefix Bio everywhere, which has been set in concrete in the whole legislation. - The alcohol fuels are generally discriminated by the German energy tax on liquid vehicle fuels which charges the volume ( per liter ) and not the heating value.
20 Technische Universität München Silicon Fire-Mobilstation on the site of the wastewater treatment plant in Altenrhein, Canton St. Gallen, Switzerland IASS-Workshop Sustainable Fuels, Potsdam Nov. 19th - 20th, 2013
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