Evaluation of surface runoff conditions. scanner in an intensive apple orchard

Transcription

1 Evaluation of surface runoff conditions by high resolution terrestrial laser scanner in an intensive apple orchard János Tamás 1, Péter Riczu 1, Attila Nagy 1, Éva Lehoczky 2 1 Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Water and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary 2 Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Center for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary SWAT SESSION K4: URBAN PROCESSES AND MANAGEMENT / HYDROLOGY

2 Introduction Rapid population growth and the overuse of natural resources that substantially occurred in the second half of twentieth century have degraded the global environment significantly. The main goal for sustainable urban water systems to control, collection, conveyance, and quality improvement of urban runoff in order to protect the urban environment from flooding, drought and pollution Elevation data are a critical element in any geoscience application. On lowland area, where relief slope is minimal value, is much more difficult to delineate urban and suburban watershed to characterize runoff process.

3 Research goals To evaluate different land use impacts on runoff pattern To compare different data sources derivated from different laser scanning platform (ground, mobile, airborne) To elaborate an effective process flow for object segmentation of point clouds Study area Debrecen city, Hungary

4 Methods - Reference Sites

5 The Tisza River Basin is the largest sub-basin in the Danube River Basin, covering 157,186 km² (19.5%) of the Danube Basin Study area- Intensive orchard Ground laser

6 UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN Study and Regional Research Farm, Pallag Legend FRUIT TREES Apple Sweet cherry Japanese plum Apricot Cherry Plum Peach

7 Material and methods Leica ScanStation C10 3D laser scanner Soil penetrometer +

8 Used software: Surveying GIS - Hydrology

9 Microrelief investigation of the apple plantation

10 Deriving Hydrologically Useful Information from Digital Elevation Models Raw DEM Pit Removal Flow Field Flow Related Terrain Information

11 Tarboton, D. G., (1997), "A New Method for the Determination of Flow Directions and Contributing Areas in Grid Digital Elevation Models," Water Resources Research, 33(2): ) Representation of Flow Field Steepest single direction Proportion flowing to neighboring grid cell 4 is 1 /( ) Steepest direction downslope Proportion flowing to neighboring grid cell 3 is 2 /( ) 3 2 Flow direction D8 D 6 7 8

12 Elevation (m) Magasság (mbf) 128,65 Mechanical compaction zone by wheel 128,6 128,55 Tyre lug 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Távolság (m) Distance (m)

13 Vegetation Point clouds TIN- Raster Range: 20 m, Accurancy 0,2 mm; Measuring time: min Tamás, J. et al Airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR data integration for weed detection, EGU. Wien OTKA project K

14 Soil surface moisture investigations 100% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% 22% 24% 26% 28% 30% 32% Real reflectance values (%)

15 Frequency (%) Soil surface moisture conditions of the 09/03/2012 surveying Laser intensity values Moisture caretories 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 1.62% 3.99% 14.54% 35.45% 37.31% 5.99% 0.92% 0.16% Soil surface moisture content (m/m%)

16 GreenSeeker 505 vegetation indexmeter Sensor signal NDVI NIR RED 774nm 656nm RED NIR 656nm 774nm Reflected Internal light Emitted RED NIR

17 Investigation of Weed coverage of the apple plantation 26/03/ /04/ /05/ /05/ /07/ /08/ /08/ /10/2014 Time Series Data sources - Vegetation NDVI color scale

18 26/03/ /04/ /05/ /05/ /07/ /08/ /08/ /10/2014 NDVI categories Dense, high, moderate, low, No vegetation

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20 Positions of scan stations Stream lines Relative elevation values (m)

21 Urban mobile laser surveying with RIEGL VMX-450 Source: Hungarian Geodetic and Mapping Company Ltd.

22 Odometer Source:

23 Colored point cloud of the Great Church Source: Tóth, K. (2015): Mobil laser scanning Point cloud based modeling of downtown of Debrecen (in Hungarian). MSc thesis. Debrecen. 58 p.

24 Automated tree recognition algorithm with ENVI LiDAR 3.2 Field measurement for validating Source: Tóth, K. (2015): Mobil laser scanning Point cloud based modeling of downtown of Debrecen (in Hungarian: Mobil lézerszkennelés Debrecen belvárosának pontfelhő alapú modellezése). MSc thesis. Debrecen. 58 p.

25 Runoff patern of main square

26 Tree height (m) ENVI LiDAR 3.2 automatic measurement Correlation between automatic and manually tree height measurement y = 0,8922x + 1,0103 R² = 0, Tree height (m) - Leica Cyclone 7.1 manual measurement

27 Airborne Laser Scanning Laser Data Acquisition

28 Visualization of Laser Scan Data

29 Quality Assessments

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32 Summary The laser scanning methods offer very accurate input DSM to hydrological modeling The object segmentation from laser scanned point clouds is a complex process where to evaluate an error propagation spatial uncertainty is real time consuming task. The most commonly used solution is to create a raster DEM at lower resolution, followed by an additional editing of the DEM with the available noise removal, smoothing and interpolation algorithms. However, this procedure is accompanied by a loss of detail, and has an important impact on the elevation-derived parameters.

33 THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION Acknowledgements: Hungarian OTKA FUND OTKA project K