Risk Engineering Advisory Bulletin

Transcription

1 Risk Engineering Advisry Bulletin Fld Lss Preventin Plan Actin Prir t Fld The Fld Expsure Emergency Plan shuld cnsider plant arrangement and expsures in rder t rganize the lss preventin prgram and t prepare the plant fld emergency team. The emergency plan shuld include the fllwing pints: All utside strage tanks (including undergrund tanks) shuld be prperly anchred, as well as any ther element, which culd flat in case f fld. Undergrund tanks, if nt cmpletely filled at the time f the fld, may be hydrstatically lifted thus causing majr damages. Water can be pured int the tank befre the ccurrence f a fld t prevent this prblem. Mbile cntainers cntaining flammable liquids shuld be secured as well. All water reactive chemical prducts and flammable liquids shuld be separated and placed in a safe lcatin (in case f spillage at the water surface, they wuld create a pllutin issue and a fire hazard with ptential catastrphic cnsequences). Vents frm tanks and cntainers shuld be ex-tended abve the maximum fld elevatin anticipated. Whenever pssible, plant utility equipment shuld be raised abve the maximum fld elevatin anticipated. This equipment culd be transfrmers, switchgear, electrical cabinets, gas and il cntrl valves; critical cntrl equipment, critical drive mtrs and sme spare parts. Installatin f critical equipment (such as cmputer rm) shuld be avided in the basements. All metallic sensitive surfaces f large equipment that cannt be relcated shuld be greased. During idle perids, cranes and verhead traveling cranes breaks shuld be checked and blcked, accrding t supplier s requirements. All equipment and machine fr cnstructin purpses (e.g., timber, stcks, trailers) which culd be invlved in the fld shuld be relcated in a safe place. Outside equipment shuld be prtected against flating debris with sandbags.

2 All cnstructin elements, which are nt prpped up, shuld be shred up. Any unnecessary building pening shuld be clsed with masnry. All cracks in flrs and walls shuld be sealed with hydraulic cement. Pssibilities f water cming back up int the buildings frm sewer r drainage lines shuld be checked. Valves r check valves shuld be prvided n undergrund sewer r drainage lines t prevent fld water frm backing up int the building. These valves shuld be clsed in case f water backing. All critical machinery (cnsidered sensitive and essential fr the plant peratins, i.e. cmputer equipment, plans, sme spare parts, mulds, etc.) and stck shuld be elevated abve the maximum anticipated fld elevatin, r arrangements shuld be made t have machinery and stck remved (t a safe lcatin) prir t fld. Steel bulkheads fr windws and drways shuld be prvided. Waterprf sealants and catings shuld be used n the exterir f the building t prevent seepage int the building. Access t the plant thrugh the rf shuld be prvided. Valves and hydrants psitin shuld be indicated n walls r n indicating panels at a level abve the maximum anticipated fld elevatin t find them easily even if buried by debris r under water. Cnstructin f a reinfrced cncrete fldwall r earthen levee shuld be cnsidered t prtect the plant. Sandbags t prtect windw and dr penings shuld be prvided (the day f fld ccurrence, it may be difficult t find this kind f equipment). Sump pits and drains t eject seepage shuld be prvided. Seepage may ccur even if all the abve precautins have been taken. A telephne shuld be installed in a rm lcated abve the flded area t c-rdinate the salvage peratins. Phne numbers f all persns t be cntacted in case f emergency shuld be available in this rm. A cpy f all-imprtant dcument (cmputer back ups, plans, micrfilms, pictures) shuld be kept in a safe place, utside the plant and the fld area. The fllwing equipment shuld be available in a central safe lcatin: mbile pumps and pipes emergency lights, electrical equipment and tls, sandbags cnstructin elements (hllw cncrete blcks, planks, etc.) A "fld lss reprt" prcedure shuld be implemented including actins taken, cnsequences and if pssible, pictures f flded areas during and after. 2

3 Emergency Prcedure Depending n the evlutin f the water level, indicate the actins t be taken. A water level shuld be determined t activate the emergency prcedure. Lcal Authrities shuld be cntacted: Emergency Team T rganize and imprve alert prcedures in case f river fld risk. T study imprvements cncerning the water evacuatin in case f fld (river and canal) T btain the detailed tpgraphy f the hazards in the area. Clse the valves fr pumping statin water discharge. Checking f the electrical supply fr water pumping. A well-trained grup f plant emplyees familiar with all aspects f the plant can greatly reduce lsses during a fld. The emergency team shuld be established with peple living utside the flded area (experience shwed that in case f majr fld, less than 25 % f plant peple are available after such an event, because f persnal expsure t same event) with the fllwing duties: An electrician in charge t c-rdinate plant electrical installatin shutdwn if, necessary. Tightness f PCB transfrmers shuld be checked. Persn in charge f gas installatin (gas valves, tanks, piping). Persn in charge f the flammable liquids (tanks anchring, piping checking, and pumps). Persn in charge f salvage and prtectin f equipment and strage. A salvage team in charge f cleaning peratins after water recedes. Access t buildings shuld be studied (bats). Prvide a central lcatin utside the fld zne, equipped with a telephne line t crdinate salvage peratins. Duties f a fld emergency team shuld include pre-fld planning t remve r prtect machinery and stck, shut sewer line valves, blck plant dr and windw penings, shut dwn critical prcesses and discnnect electric pwer. During fld emergency, the team shuld patrl the prperty with an awareness f the fire ptentials and the need t maintain plant fire prtectin systems. The team shuld als knw the prcedures fr emergency ntificatin f the fire department. After flding subsides, the team shuld immediately begin salvage peratins by drying stck and machinery, restring damaged fire prtectin systems, and cleaning the premises s that the plant peratins can start again as sn as pssible. 3

4 Actins t be Taken During the Fld Remember that even if an individual plant takes precautins against flding, it can still be cut ff frm essential services (fire department, plice department, salvage and utility cmpanies). This pssibility shuld be cnsidered at all plants, regardless f whether r nt they are lcated in a fld zne. Establish pririties fr the emergency team and identify critical r high value equipment likely t be affected by flding. Check that the mill use water pumping statin will nt be put ut f actin by a pwer utage (undergrund cables) r prvide an emergency pwer supply (diesel). Prvide cmmunicatin means utside the fld area t c-rdinate salvage peratins. Dr and windw penings shuld be clsed t prevent materials cming frm utside frm entering (branches, mud, barrels, flammable r crrsive liquids). Sandbags r ther materials (cncrete blcks) shuld be available. T limit the fld damages, water entering the plant shuld be limited t avid mud and ther material depsits. Tanks and cntainers f flammable liquids (il, kersene) and gas shuld be emptied r firmly anchred (particularly tanks lcated in basements). Barrels f flammable liquids shuld be raised. Electrical equipment, mtrs and strage shuld be raised r remved. Equipment that can nt be remved shuld be prtected with rust inhibitrs r water repellent prducts t limit damage. Lifting pumps with independent pwer supply shuld be prvided. Sprinkler prtectin shuld remain in peratin during the fld. During and after flding, runds shuld be carried ut regularly until nrmal peratins are resumed. In case f sprinkler prtectin impairment during a fld, recrded runds shuld be perfrmed every hur in the building. Actins t be Taken After the Fld Actins t be taken after flding shuld help t resume activity as sn as pssible and t mitigate fire ptential hazards, especially during autmatic fire prtectin impairments. The emergency plan shuld cntain the names and addresses f lcal emergency rganizatins (e.g., fire department, civil prtectin) and cmpanies able t prvide services r equipment fr clean-up, salvaging r alternative prductin. If the entire regin is subject t flding, such services will be in heavy demand. Clean up buildings, pump ut fldwater, and grease equipment. Check the entire fire prtectin system including yard main. Watch runds shuld be perfrmed after the electric pwer supply is restred. 4

5 Check all gas, flammable liquids transprtatin pipes and assciated tanks. Establish a prcedure t eliminate all debris and waste. Restart ht wrk (cutting, welding) nly nce the autmatic fire prtectin systems are restred and any cmbustible elements have been remved. Restart activity as sn as pssible. Restratin f fire prtectin equipment is a vital element t cnsider befre restarting the activity: Test all cntrl valves fr sprinkler systems (pen psitin and check fr any visible damage). If valves are fund in the clsed psitin, check any pssible leak r damaged pipe dwnstream befre repening the valve. Evacuate water and mud frm valve pits If fire pumps take suctin int pen water reserve (lakes, water pnds...), check any pssible bstructin in the sprinkler systems (flushing f the pipes may be necessary). Check fire pumps and put them back in service. Check all supervisry and prtectin systems. Once cleanup peratins are cmpleted, mre in-depth damage assessment f fld damage f equipment is necessary. The degree f damage t mechanical r electrical equipment is ften nt immediately apparent. A quick checking f equipment such as transfrmers, cmpressrs, and electric mtrs may lead t the belief that the fld did little damage. But damage can g far beynd thse expected. Equipment can be impaired prgressively thus keeping the plant ut f prductin fr many mnths. Here are sme examples f damage that may nt be readily bserved after a fld: Cmpressr intakes filled with water Water cntaminated il in transfrmers Electric mtrs with water saked and debris filled windings Large machines which may be misalign due t undetected damage in the building structure. Fundatins f buildings and machines, which may be damaged frm water washut. Other prblems can limit the activity restart, such as lss f ptable water and pwer supply. Telephne lines, destructin f rads ging t the plant. r:/stavish,misc,tabs,fld Lss Preventin Plan 5