PLEASE COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING BOXES IN BLACK OR BLUE INK. USE BLOCK CAPITALS. DO NOT USE PENCIL.

Transcription

1 VTT - UV30536 natomy and physiology for exercise and health Single unit assessment Multiple choice question paper (Mock paper) Time: Up to: 2 hours PLESE OMPLETE THE FOLLOWING OXES IN LK OR LUE INK. USE LOK PITLS. O NOT USE PENIL. Learner registration number/uln entre number Learner surname Other names Signature ate ttempt 1 ttempt 2 ttempt 3 PLESE RE THE TEXT ELOW VERY REFULLY EFORE TTEMPTING NY OF THE SSESSMENT You will need no other materials Instructions to learners You must write only in blue or black ink. nswer all questions by marking an X in the appropriate box. t the end of the test this paper must be handed in to the supervisor/invigilator. o not open this paper until told to do so by the supervisor/invigilator. dvice to learners Read each question carefully and answer as many questions as you can. Questions may be attempted in any order. Internal Verification YES / NO Internal verifier ate and omments Marker s use Marker s initials Total opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 1

2 1 In which plane of movement does rotation of the spine occur? Frontal Sagittal Lateral Transverse 2 Which joint actions occur in the downward phase of a wide grip lat pull down? Elbow flexion and shoulder adduction extension and shoulder flexion extension and shoulder abduction flexion and shoulder extension 3 pronated grip places the hands in which position? Palms facing in facing out facing up facing down 4 What type of joint occurs between the humerus and ulna? artilaginous Hinge ondyloid Gliding opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 2

3 5 Which of the following body types is most likely to excel at distance running? Endomorph Ectomorph Mesomorph Somatotype 6 Which of the following can lead to reduced bone density? Low adrenaline (epinephrine) level High testosterone level Low oestrogen level High level of fat in diet 7 Which of the following describes kyphosis? n exaggerated curve in the lumbar spine sacral spine thoracic spine cervical spine 8 Why is the position of the acetablum within the pelvis important to the function of the hip joint? It makes the hip more reliant on surrounding ligaments for stability very stable to help support body weight very mobile but vulnerable to dislocation more reliant on surrounding muscles for stability opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 3

4 9 What movement is possible at the hinge joint between the tibia and the talus bone? orsiflexion Lateral extension Inversion Eversion 10 Which of the following joints move in all three of the anatomical planes? Hip Elbow nkle Wrist 11 In which plane of movement does hip flexion occur? Frontal Sagittal Lateral Transverse 12 What type of structure is the symphysis pubis? Fascial sheath Organ Tendon Joint opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 4

5 13 What type of joint is the acromio-clavicular joint? all and socket artilaginous Gliding Hinge 14 How does the glenoid cavity affect function of the shoulder joint? It makes the shoulder less reliant on surrounding muscles for stability very mobile but vulnerable to dislocation less reliant on surrounding ligaments for stability very effective at supporting body weight 15 Which of the following describes a motor unit? group of muscles working together to create movement sensory neuron that detects muscle movement motor neuron that transmits information to the central nervous system motor neuron and all of the fibres to which it connects 16 Which of the following is a function of the stretch (myotatic) reflex? It prevents a muscle being lengthened too quickly allows a muscle to be lengthened quickly relaxes a muscle that is placed under too much tension decreases tension in a muscle being stretched opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 5

6 17 What type of contraction occurs in the quadriceps when performing the lowering phase of a squat? Eccentric Isokinetic oncentric Isometric 18 Which of the following muscles retracts the scapulae? Rhomboids eltoids Errector spinae Pectoralis major 19 Which of the following muscles extends and adducts the shoulder? Latissimus dorsi Trapezius Pectoralis minor eltoid 20 Which one of the following muscles is part of the quadriceps group Supraspinatus Semitendinosus Rectus femoris Gluteus minimus opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 6

7 21 Which of the following muscles extends and externally (laterally) rotates the hip? Vastus lateralis Iliopsoas Gluteus maximus Rectus femoris 22 What muscles make up the rotator cuff? Infraspinatus, serratus anterior, semimembranosis, suprasinatus supraspinatus, teres major, multifidus supraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor subscapularis, multifidus, serratus anterior 23 Which long-term physiological adaptation will occur as a direct result of long-term aerobic training? Increased resting heart rate blood pressure number of fast twitch muscle fibres capillarisation 24 Which muscle crosses only one joint? Gastrocnemius Rectus femoris Gluteus minimus Semitendinosus opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 7

8 25 What is the name of the irregular collagen sheath that surrounds each individual muscle fibre? Perimysium Epimysium Fascicle Endomysium 26 With which type of muscular contraction is delayed onset of muscular soreness (OMS) most frequently associated? Isometric Isotonic Eccentric oncentric 27 Which of the following are characteristics of fast twitch muscle fibres? They have a low firing threshold and red appearance low firing threshold and white appearance high firing threshold and red appearance high firing threshold and white appearance 28 What muscle contraction occurs in the biceps brachii during the upward phase of the bicep curl? Eccentric oncentric Isometric Isokinetic opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 8

9 29 To where does the left ventricle pump blood? Muscles Right ventricle Left atrium Lungs 30 Which of the following is a characteristic of all arteries? They transport blood towards the heart transport blood under low pressure have non-return valves have thick muscular walls 31 Where does the left atrium collect from? Left ventricle Right atrium Muscles Lungs 32 Which of the following is a characteristic of all veins? They transport blood under low pressure carry blood away from the heart have thick muscular walls transport oxygenated blood opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 9

10 33 Which muscles are actively involved in inspiration? iaphragm and external obliques latissimus dorsi external intercostals transversus abdominus 34 What is the formula for calculating cardiac output? ardiac output = stroke volume x systolic blood pressure heart rate myocardial mass contractility 35 What is the function of the bicuspid (mitral) valve? It prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium right atrium to the pulmonary arteries left ventricle to the left atrium left atrium to the pulmonary veins 36 What is meant by the term blood pressure? The rate at which the heart is beating amount of blood contained in the veins speed of blood flowing through the circulatory system force exerted by blood pushing against the artery walls opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 10

11 37 How is stroke volume described? The volume of blood expelled from the ventricles in one minute expelled from the ventricles in one beat in the heart after any one contraction in the heart during any one contraction 38 What does the term myocardial ischemia mean? Inadequate contractility from the myocardium nerve supply to the myocardium stroke volume from the myocardium blood supply to the myocardium 39 Which of the following factors reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood? naemia Longer duration of diastole Hypertension Wider coronary arteries 40 What happens to the blood pressure during a moderate pace cardiovascular exercise session? Systolic pressure increases. iastolic pressure remains approximately the same and diastolic pressure increase at the same time remains approximately the same. iastolic pressure increases and diastolic pressure both remain approximately the same opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 11

12 41 Which of the following does the somatic branch of the nervous system control? Voluntary (skeletal) muscle Involuntary (smooth) muscle Heart rate reathing rate 42 What effect does testosterone have on the body? It decreases bone density decreases cardiovascular fitness increases the storage of body fat increases growth of lean tissue 43 Which of the following would cause the body to release insulin into the blood? Performing a long, intense exercise session eing anxious, immediately before a sporting competition Eating nothing for several hours Eating carbohydrates of high glycemic index 44 Which of the following would increase heart rate? Parasympathetic action of the autonomic nervous system Parasympathetic action of the somatic nervous system Sympathetic action of the autonomic nervous system Sympathetic action of the somatic nervous system opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 12

13 45 Which of the following methods of flexibility training includes an isometric contraction of the targeted muscle? ynamic Passive alistic PNF 46 Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood glucose levels? Glucagon Insulin Glycogen Thyroxine 47 What effect does adrenaline (epinephrine) have on fat in the body? It promotes the storage of fats in the liver mobilises fats from adipose tissue to raise blood glucose levels speeds up conversion of glucose to fats in the blood converts fats into creatine phosphate in the mitochondria 48 Which adaptation can result from regular muscular endurance training? ecreased muscle mass (atrophy) ecreased number of red and white blood cells Increased size of the right ventricle Increased efficiency of slow-twitch muscle fibres opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 13

14 49 The endocrine system consists of glands which produce hormones sebum pancreatic juice bile 50 The basic principles of the endocrine system are to produce chemicals called enzymes and excrete them directly into the digestive system where they are carried to their target organs hormones and excrete them directly into the respiratory system where they are carried to their target organs enzymes and secrete them directly into the urinary system where they are carried to their target organs hormones and secrete them directly into the blood stream where they are carried to their target organs 51 which of the following structures make up the entral Nervous System? rain and spinal cord Vertebrae and pelvis Legs and arms Skin and hair 52 Nerve cells are known as leucocytes erythrocytes neurones platelets opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 14

15 53 Efferent neurones carry motor nerve impulses to the entral Nervous System (NS) from muscles and glands from the entral Nervous System (NS) to muscles and glands from skin, organs, muscles and joints to the entral Nervous System (NS) to the entral Nervous System (NS) from skin, organs, muscles and joints 54 How many vertebral bones form the thoracic section of the spine? The area where the nerve supply enters a muscle and stimulates an action is known as myelin sheath sensory nerve motor point dura mater End of Test opyright Vocational Training haritable Trust 2014 Ref No VTUV30536/Mock paper 15