The Pilates Studio of Los Angeles / PilatesCertificationOnline.com

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1 Anatomy Review Part I Anatomical Terminology and Review Questions (through pg. 80) Define the following: 1. Sagittal Plane 2. Frontal or Coronal Plane 3. Horizontal Plane 4. Superior 5. Inferior 6. Anterior 7. Posterior 8. Medial 9. Lateral 10. Proximal 11. Distal 12. Flexion 13. Extension 14. Hyperextension 15. Abduction 16. Adduction

2 Anatomy Review Part I (Continued) Anatomical Terminology and Review Questions (through pg. 80) Define the following: 17. Lateral flexion 18. Rotation 19. Plantarflexion 20. Dorsiflexion 21. Inversion 22. Eversion 23. Pronation 24. Supination 25. Agonist 26. Antagonist 27. Kinesiology 28. ROM 29. Tuberosity 30. Muscle 31. Tendon 32. Ligament

3 Anatomy Review Part I (Continued) Anatomical Terminology and Review Questions (through pg. 80) 33. Fascia 34. Name the three types of muscle. 35. What is a sub-occipital muscle? 36. What and where are the scalene muscles? 37. How many vertebrae is the spine made up of? How many for each region, and what is each region called? 38. Coccyx is another name for what? What is its meaning in Greek? 39. What is the main purpose of the spine? 40. Which two vertebrae are highly unusual and deserve special attention? Why are they special and unusual?

4 Anatomy Review Part II Anatomy Review Questions (pages ) 1. What are the intervertebral discs made up of? 2. What is sciatica? 3. Where is a common place in the spine for a herniated disc to occur? 4. What are the four curves of the spine called? 5. What is the difference in responsibility between the top layers and the deeper layers of the back muscles? 6. Where are the sub-occipital muscles? How many are there? 7. See page 105 and 106, become familiar with the five layers of muscles of the back. 8. Where are the three scalene muscles? What are their names? 9. How many ribs are there? What is a false rib? 10. How do the ribs move when we breathe? 11. What is the main muscle of breathing? When you inhale, how does the diaphragm move?

5 Anatomy Review Part III Anatomy Review Questions (pages ) 1. Name the four primary muscles of the abdominal region, where they originate and insert (end), what the purpose of each is, and a Pilates exercise that uses these muscles. 2. What do the scalene muscles do? 3. What is one of the most important muscles on the front of the body and rib cage? 4. Name a Pilates exercise that targets the quadratus lumborum, either stretching or strengthening. 5. Where is the latissimus dorsi? What does it do? 6. Name important bones of the shoulder girdle. 7. What does acromion process mean? Coracoid process? Where are these bony landmarks? 8. What muscles support the clavicle, sternum, and upper ribs? 9. What is the purpose of the serratus anterior? Name a Pilates exercise that uses the serratus anterior. 10. Where does the pec minor originate?

6 Anatomy Review Part III (Continued) Anatomy Review Questions (pages ) 11. What are the four rotator cuff muscles named? 12. How did the deltoid muscle get its name? 13. What does biceps mean? What does brachii mean? What is the action of the biceps bracchi muscle? 14. What are phalanges? 15. What is the rounded groove called at the end of the humerus? 16. What does radius mean? 17. What is the anatomical name for the funny bone? 18. What is the primary extensor of the forearm? 19. Name the 8 carpal bones. 20. What is the common flexor origin of the wrist?

7 Anatomy Review Part IV Anatomy Review Questions (pages ) 1. What are the three bones that make up the inominate bones or pelvis? 2. Name several bony landmarks on the pelvis. 3. What is the anatomical name for the sit bones? 4. What is the socket of the hip joint called? What type of joint is it? 5. Name the leg bones. 6. What does trochanter mean in Greek? Where is the greater trochanter? 7. What is the function of the iliopsoas muscle? 8. What does piriformis mean? Where is the origin and insertion of this muscle? 9. Which are the most superficial muscles of the hip region? 10. Name the three muscles that make up the gluteals.

8 Anatomy Review Part IV (Continued) Anatomy Review Questions (pages ) 11. What are the three main groups of muscles in the legs? 12. What is the function of the adductors? 13. What does sartorius mean? 14. What is the origin and insertion of the tensor fascia latae? 15. Name the muscles that make up the quadriceps and the hamstrings. 16. What does patella mean in Latin? 17. Name the ligaments that are important in knee stabilization. 18. What is the anatomical name of the heel bone? 19. What are the two largest muscles of the calf? 20. Where is the plantaris muscle? 21. Name the different arches of the foot.