Protection security assessment Automated approach and practical examples for protection system improvement

Transcription

1 IEEE PES General Meeting, July , Denver CO, USA Panel Session System Security Protection security assessment Automated approach and practical examples for protection system improvement Maximilian Dauer, Johann Jaeger Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Germany Washington DC, USA

2 Schematic for automated protection system improvement Evaluation Optimization Start Data Model Result 0. Introduction

3 3 Agenda 1. Assessment 3. Case Study 4. Summary 0. Introduction

4 4 Weak Spot Detection - Agenda 1. System Behavior 2. Relay Settings 1 2 Simulation of different fault scenarious Finger-print-analysis Analysis of the relay settings Comparison to global protection scheme 1. Assessment

5 5 Protection Security Assessment Assessment comprises Operating states Switching states Load-generation states Fault scenarios Locations (each 10% Zline) Fault types (3-/2-/1-phase w/ and w/o arc resistances) Communication failure 1 2 Traffic light assessment: Fault not cleared Non selective fault clearing Selective fault clearing 1. Assessment System Behavior

6 6 Fuzzy sets Fuzzification of Relay Settings analysis of the discrepancy from the real setting values to a given global methodology variable methodology leads to fuzzy expert system Complexity broken down into µ 1 1. Selectivity 0 2. Dependability X 1(Relay) X L X Assessment Relay Settings

7 7 Agenda 1. Assessment 3. Case Study 4. Summary

8 8 Genetic Algorithm 3 2 Structure Evolution Parents Reproduction Mutation Recombination/Crossover Replication Children Selection Individual 1 Individual 2 Individual 3 Individual n Individual 1 Individual 2 Individual 3 Individual n Individual 1 Individual 2 Individual 3 Individual n Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation m Genetic Algorithm

9 9 Simple Tabu Search 1 4 Initial solution add to tabu list Y Create neighborhood Ignore neighbor Select best neighbor No Yes Is in tabu list? no Stop Criterion? Two-dimensional Example: Objective function: f(x) = y Neighborhood: N(x) = {(x-1), (x+1)} X Tabu Search

10 10 Agenda 1. Assessment 3. Case Study 4. Summary

11 11 Case Study (section of a real transmission system) 161kV 20km lines: 6 Distance Protection: 12 12km 12km 200km Substations: 4 No communication, etc. Optimization goal: distance protection: X of zones 1, 2 (and 3)

12 12 Case Study: PSA Benchmark L206 L205 L206 L205 PD10 PD12 PD10 PD12 Rule Based Genetic Algorithm And Tabu Search

13 13 Agenda 1. Assessment 3. Case Study 4. Summary

14 14 Summary/Conclusion PSA based on system behavior offers an in depth analysis and hidden weak spot detection Heuristic Optimization Strategies propose system-wide coordinated relay settings System-wide Protection Coordination makes power systems more reliable and helps to prevent disturbances and supply interruptions 3. Conclusion

15 15 Thanks for your attention! Maximilian Dauer, Johann Jaeger Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany