Hybrid Simulation von Kommunikationsnetzen für das Smart Grid
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1 für das Smart rid Hanno eorg Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Information Technology Communication Networks Institute Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld
2 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 2
3 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 3
4 für das Smart rid Motivation: Challenges in the Power System Increasing challenges for the Power System: Renewable Energy Sources (RES) Demand Side Management (DSM) Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Energy Trade Exchanging grid status information becomes increasingly important Intelligent, ICT-based Monitoring and Protection Systems are necessary: Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control Applications (WAMPAC) Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 4
5 für das Smart rid Motivation: Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Protection Systems: Reaction Time in the Range of Milliseconds and Seconds Mutual Effects in both Networks (e.g. cascading outages, overlapping communication flows) End-to-End prediction for real-time capability of WAMPAC applications depends on hole system behavior Detailed modeling of both networks is necessary for performance evaluation in order to guarantee overall real-time requirements centralized WAMPAC Overload Decisionmaking Decisionmaking Countermeasure Power System Transmission Transmission Delay Delay Transmission Transmission Delay Delay ICT System Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Event 6 Event 7 Event 8 Simulation Time Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 5
6 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 6
7 für das Smart rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture [1] of INSPIRE Integrated Co-Simulation of Power and ICT Systems for Real-Time Evaluation Simulation Core: Master event and Time control Synchronizing the logical time of all simulators Keeping synchronicity using a conservative synchronization algorithm eneric network description Power system driven topology description Mapping overall effects in both networks Power system simulator Power plant simulator eneric network description Simulation core Master event and time control ICT simulator Algorithms for protection and control technology [1] H. eorg, S. C. Müller, C. Rehtanz and C. Wietfeld, "A HLA Based Simulator Architecture for Co-simulating ICT Based Power System Control and Protection Systems", 3rd IEEE International Conference on Smart rid Communications (SmartridComm 2012), Tainan City, Taiwan, Nov 2012 awarded with a Best Paper Award Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 7
![both networks Power system simulator Power plant simulator eneric network description Simulation core Master event and time control ICT simulator Algorithms for protection and control technology [1]](/docs-images/44/613870/images/page_7.jpg "H. eorg, S. C. Müller, C. Rehtanz and C.")
8 für das Smart rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture [1] of INSPIRE Integrated Co-Simulation of Power and ICT Systems for Real-Time Evaluation Networking Layer: Connectivity between simulators Using the High Level Architecture (IEEE ) Handling attribute updates and interactions between simulators Standardized APIs for C++ and Java Interconnecting the simulators using Socket based connections Web Service based communication Power system simulator Power plant simulator Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) eneric network description Networking layer Simulation core Master event and time control ICT simulator Algorithms for protection and control technology Legend: simulator specific network connection e.g. Web Services, Sockets, etc. [1] H. eorg, S. C. Müller, C. Rehtanz and C. Wietfeld, "A HLA Based Simulator Architecture for Co-simulating ICT Based Power System Control and Protection Systems", 3rd IEEE International Conference on Smart rid Communications (SmartridComm 2012), Tainan City, Taiwan, Nov 2012 awarded with a Best Paper Award 8
9 für das Smart rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture [1] of INSPIRE Integrated Co-Simulation of Power and ICT Systems for Real-Time Evaluation Management Layer: Main Configuration configure simulators, manage connectivity, etc. Database Store configurations and simulation results Event logging Logging events for postsimulation analysis Scenario Configuration Configure scenario conversation for power system driven generation Statistical analysis Live analysis during simulation Incident generation Failure modeling for both power and communication networks Power system simulator Power plant simulator Main configuration Scenario configuration eneric network description Networking layer Simulation core Database Statistical analysis Management layer Master event and time control Eventlogging Incident generation ICT simulator Algorithms for protection and control technology Legend: simulator specific network connection e.g. Web Services, Sockets, etc. [1] H. eorg, S. C. Müller, C. Rehtanz and C. Wietfeld, "A HLA Based Simulator Architecture for Co-simulating ICT Based Power System Control and Protection Systems", 3rd IEEE International Conference on Smart rid Communications (SmartridComm 2012), Tainan City, Taiwan, Nov 2012 awarded with a Best Paper Award Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 9
10 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 10
11 für das Smart rid Communication Network Architecture Centralized eneration Centralized Protection and Control Control Center Centralized Monitoring and Control Layer Centralized Monitoring and Control Layer Centralized components within the Power Systems (e.g. centralized protection, control center, power plants, etc.) Components at this layer can not communicate directly Within the simulator architecture, this components can be mapped to specialized simulators Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 11
12 für das Smart rid Communication Network Architecture Local Process Layer Traffic arising within substation and field level (e.g. local monitoring, measurements, process control, etc.) Components at this layer can communicate directly (e.g. using optical fibres) Communication to other layers has to be transmitted using the Wide Area Communication Layer Substation Decentralized Protection and Control Decentralized eneration Measurements and Local Process Control Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) Local Process Layer 12
13 für das Smart rid Communication Network Architecture Wide Area Communication Layer Interconnecting the other layers Providing heterogeneous communication infrastructure Wired solutions: Optical Fiber along the transmission lines Powerline Communication Wide Area Communication Layer Wireless solutions: Wireless Mesh Networks Dedicated wireless broadband, cellular networks, satellite communication, etc. Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 13
14 für das Smart rid Communication Network Architecture Centralized eneration Centralized Protection and Control Control Center Centralized Monitoring and Control Layer Substation Decentralized Protection and Control Wide Area Communication Layer Decentralized eneration Measurements and Local Process Control Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) Local Process Layer 14
15 für das Smart rid Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Abstracting the Power Systems Infrastructure Based on New England Test System (NETS, IEEE 10 enerator 39 Bus System) Exemplary Substation Substation TLine Bay A1 Process / Bay Level Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 15
16 für das Smart rid Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Identifying Components of the Power System at Bay Level eneric Substation taken from the New England Test System (NETS) TL2034 B20_MV TL1920 Components: 2 Transmission Lines connected 2 different Voltage Levels Bay Transformer T1920 Bay Bay Bay Bay 345 kv 2 Bus bars 1 Transformer Load kv 1 Loads Bay Substation 20 Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 16
17 für das Smart rid Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Mapping corresponding Communication Devices Modeling identified Components of the Power System to corresponding logical Nodes in the Substation (cp. IEC 61850) Applying Merging Unit (MU), Circuit Breaker (CB), Protection (P) and Bay Controller (BC) for communication at Bay Level Power System Communication Network MU-A1 P-A2 TLine Bay A1 Energie CB-A1 IKT MU-A2 Bay LAN Legend: MU C P CB P-A1 C-A1 Merging Unit Supervisory Control Protection (Distance Relay) Circuit Breaker Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 17
18 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 18
19 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Configuration of the Communication Network Reference Scenario IEEE-39 Bus New England Test System Communication Delay Evaluation Network Configuration: Link Speed: PPP DS bps Routing: Enhanced Interior ateway Routing Protocol (EIRP) Protocols: IEC MMS Stack PFC H. eorg, S. C. Müller, N. Dorsch, C. Rehtanz and C. Wietfeld, INSPIRE: Integrated Co-Simulation of Power and ICT Systems for Real-Time Evaluation, IEEE International Conference on Smart rid Communications (SmartridComm 2013), Vancouver, Canada, Oct Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 19 4 PFC 4 PFC PFC
20 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Delays in the Communication Network IEEE-39 Bus New England Test System Communication Delay Evaluation Random Source and Destination Configuring Routing with an initial gap of 5ss Background Traffic Packet Size: 576 bytes IAT: chosen to model additional traffic of bbbbbb (50% of available bandwidth) Normal Condition (exclusive use) Additional Load (non exclusive, no QoS) PFC PFC 4 11 PFC PFC Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 20
21 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Failure Scenario for the Power rid IEEE-39 Bus New England Test System Reference Scenario: Control Center at Substation 39 Polling Measurements every 100 mmmm Switching Loads on Demand Load redispatch on Substations 4 and 5 Line TL0508 disconnect after 10 ss, causing overload at Line TL Scenarios for the Communication Network PFC Control Center PFC 4 PFC Loss 11 of Transmission Line Communication Protocol: IEC PFC 1 16 Lastverschiebung Flexible Loads Switching Type of Messages: MMS Type 2 Monitoring ACSI Service: etdatavalues 19 ACSI Service: SetDataValue 20 Logical Device: Bay Controller (BBxx_BC_B1) 13 Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 21
22 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System (1) Communication Scenario 1 Reference Scenario Scenario 1: Reference Scenario, without counteraction Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 22
23 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System (2) Communication Scenario 2 Idle Communication Network Decoupled Scenario 2: Exclusive Communication Network Message Flow: 1. Measurements are transmitted to Control Center 2. Control Center detects overload 3. Control Center schedules load redispatch at substation 4 and 5 Effects: Synchronous adjustments Overload drops within less then 0.5 ss (average) Clearance: 0,5s Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 23
24 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System (3) Communication Scenario 3 Simultaneous Line Disconnect Coupled Scenario 3: Simultaneous Line Disconnect in the Communication Network Message Flow as before 2 25 PFC PFC Communication Protocol: IEC Type of Messages: MMS Type PFC 1 16 Monitoring ACSI Service: etdatavalues PFC Switching ACSI Service: SetDataValue 20 (BBxx_BC_B1) 13 Logical Device: Bay Controller Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 24
25 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System (3) Communication Scenario 3 Simultaneous Line Disconnect Coupled Scenario 3: Simultaneous Line Disconnect in the Communication Network Message Flow as before Effects: Routes needs to be updated Traffic flow changes Routing protocol causes additional delay Asynchronous adjustments Overload drops in 1.39 ss resp ss (both average) Asynchronous Clearance: 1,39ss resp. 1.58ss Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 25
26 für das Smart rid Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System (4) Communication Scenario 4 Additional Background Traffic Scenario 4: Non-prioritized Network Traffic Additional Traffic Load in the Communication Network Additional Background Traffic as before Message Flow as before Effects: Additional Delay due to non exclusive usage of the network Asynchronous adjustments Overload drops in 1.69 ss resp ss (both average) Worst case overload drops in 2.88 ss Asynchronous Clearance: 1,69ss resp. 1.88ss Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 26
27 für das Smart rid Overview Motivation Challenges in the Power System Co-Simulating ICT based WAMPAC Systems in the Transmission rid Hybrid Simulator Architecture of INSPIRE Modules & Functionalities Communication Network Architecture Comprehensive Modeling of communicating Entities Modeling a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Results and Performance Evaluation Reference Scenario Impact of Communication Networks on the Power System Conclusions and Outlook Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 27
28 für das Smart rid Conclusions ICT infrastructure is a key enabler for the future Smart rid Co-Simulation enables a detailed evaluation of Smart rid applications in Power System Simulations for Real-Time troubleshooting in Communication Networks for performance evaluating different Topologies and Technologies Our approach: HLA-based Co-Simulation Framework combining specialized simulators to analyze the mutual impacts of both domains Hybrid Simulator Architecture (Modules & Functions) Communication Networks Architecture Modeling for a Power based ICT Reference Infrastructure Detailed Performance Evaluation to demonstrate the Impact of Communication on the Power System and the Capabilities of INSPIRE Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 28
29 für das Smart rid Thank you for the attention! Head of Institute Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld Point of Contact (POC) Hanno eorg fon.: fax: Internet: Internet: Address TU Dortmund Communication Networks Institute Otto-Hahn-Str Dortmund ermany Hanno eorg ComNets Dortmund (Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Wietfeld) 29
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