HE in Vietnam 8/8/2011. Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement of Higher Education Institutions: Vietnam Exemplar. Outline

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1 Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement of Higher Education Institutions: Vietnam Exemplar Dr. Tran Thi Bich Lieu University of Education, Vietnam National University in Hanoi Dr. Nguyen Kim Dung Institute for Education Research, Ho Chi Minh City University of Pedagogy Outline 1) HE system in Vietnam 2) QA in Vietnam (history, and structure of review) 3) Results of two QA rounds and QA impacts on HE in Vietnam 4) Lessons learned and recommendations Context General features Years HE in Vietnam Socialist oriented market economy Diversity, Rapid development in, low No of three year colleges No of universities Private institutions % % Low Quality % of Student/18-24 population Low training, research and services (knowledge and skills did not meet the needs of society), inadequate QA conditions 1

2 How to improve education? led to establishment of QA The assurance structure National Accreditation Committee General Department of Testing &Accreditation at MOET (2003) Centers for QA k-12 & % QA in Vietnam MOET s 2004: temporary 2007: officially 10 and 61 indicators Vietnam National University (The same divided into 4 grades; grade 4 referring to regional and international ) International AUN, ABET, Edexcel International UK 2

3 MOET s 1. Mission and goals: (2 criteria) 2. Organization and Management: (7 criteria) 3. Curriculum (Training programs): (6 criteria) 4. Instructional activities (7 criteria) 5. Staff (8 criteria) 6. Students (9 criteria) 7. Research and Technology Development: (7 criteria) 8. International cooperation (3 criteria) 9. Library and Facilities (9 criteria) 10.Finance & Financial Management (3 criteria) How QA are used? A HEI will be accredited if it meets 80% of all criteria (MOET, Decision No 76 the Procedure and Cycle of Accreditation,12/14/2007). Before this Decision, HEIs would be accredited by three grades: + if a HEI met 100% criteria at level two, it would be accredited at the highest grade, grade three; + if a HEI met 60% (36/61criteria) of criteria at level two and the rest are at level one, it would be accredited at grade two; + At the lowest (grade one) if a HEI met 80% (48/61)of criteria at both level two and one (Ban Dam bao chat luong, 06/2/2011). Example of how to grade by level 2 or 1 3. Curriculum (Training program) 3.1. Curriculum is developed based on MOET s framework with participation of lecturing, administrative staff, professional representatives and employers; 3.2. Curriculum has to meet the market demands of knowledge, skills and ethic values that will form for students; 3.3. The design of curriculum must follow the needed steps and ensure the training ; 3.4. Curriculum has to be modified regularly based on the learners feedback and adapt excellent elements from international curricula; 3.5. The design of curriculum must be systemic and integrated with other training levels; 3.6. Curriculum is regularly evaluated and improved. 3

4 QA Process Quality Assurance Right order? Good enough? For? Inputs Processes: T, L &M Outputs: training, research & service Self assessment + Accreditation + Recognition + Improvement plan Results of two rounds of the external evaluation First round : 16/20 universities met grade two Second round : 14/20 met accreditation (with higher of different : four HEIs met standard three Curriculum and three HEIs met standard four Instructional activities while these numbers were zero in phase one) Six impacts 1) A new understanding of higher education and conditions for ensuring 2) Vietnam gradually reaching regional program 3) HEIs focusing more on training students in professional skills and all-round development 4) HEIs focusing more on research and increasingly publishing in international journals 5) HEIs focusing more on student services 6) Creating a culture of 4

5 1) Changing understanding bout HE Quality HE Quality: System of inputs Processes- Outputs Inputs: of students, teachers, leaders, infrastructure, finance, etc. Processes: of teaching, learning, administrating Outputs: of training (student s competences), research and services HEQ: meeting the society s needs, student, stakeholder satisfaction, good, excellent, reputation. MOET s 1.Missionandgoals:(2criteria) 2. Organization and Management:(7criteria) 3. Curriculum (Training programs): (6 criteria) 4. Instructional activities (7 criteria) 5. Staff (8 criteria) 6.Students(9 criteria) 7. Research and Technology Development:(7criteria) 8. International cooperation (3 criteria) 9. Library and Facilities (9 criteria) 10.Finance & Financial Management (3 criteria) HEIs talk about the benefits of A Accreditation and criteria are the guidelines for HEIs on how to improve education Accreditation force HEIs to develop highly qualified teaching staff as it is the most important factor for education. Accreditation encourage HEIs to expand international cooperation 5

6 How is the status of HEQ in Vietnam now? No national, regional, and international university achievement. professional skills and knowledge are still low Vietnam s leading universities still generate times fewer peer-refereed international publications than either Chulalongkorn or Mahidol universities in Thailand. (P. D. Hien, 24 February 2010). Recommendations Learn experiences from HK, Singapore, US and other countries Vietnam has to cooperate with different international QA agencies Increase the effectiveness of research by connecting them to practice and focus more on the application capacity of research results; narrowing the gaps between training and research. Recommendations Vietnam has to focus more on qualitative indicators and prioritize student outcomes in the. Use ICTs in accreditation processes Quality must be the pride and responsibility of all university members, not a leader s job alone. 6

7 Recommendations Vietnam has to adapt to the mechanism of financial allocation based on accreditation results so that all HEIs may strive for education Establish some independent accreditation agencies Publicize accreditation results of HEIs so that society is informed and creates a competitive environment for improving education among HEIs Lessons drawn Quality assurance is both a condition of and a motivation for improvement. When a HEI meets assurance conditions, it will gain higher outcomes of education. The vision of university leaders on is very important. Quality of lecturing and researching staff is a decisive factor for education. Autonomy in financial management is a stimulus for HEIs to enhance education Q & A 7