YEAR 7 Science Higher - Sets 1 and 2 Atoms, Elements, Compound, Acids & Alkalis Home Learning Project

Transcription

1 YEAR 7 Science Higher - Sets 1 and 2 Atoms, Elements, Compound, Acids & Alkalis Home Learning Project Effort Grade Date due in Next step due in NEXT STEP STUDENT REPLY: How did you find each task? Were there any areas you found harder/easier? The De ferrers Academy - Science

2 Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures To state definitions for an atom, element, compound and a mixture To identify an element, compound and mixture from a particle diagram To use the periodic table to identify elements Approximate time to complete task 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 50 minutes TASK 1: State a definition of an atom, element, compound and mixture. Atom: Element: Compound: Mixture: TASK 2: Look at the following particle diagrams and use them to answer the questions below: 1. Which substance is a mixture? Explain why it is a mixture. 3. One diagram represents solid iron. Which one?... The de Ferrers Academy - Science 2

3 4. Explain why you chose your answer 5. Why is this substance an element? TASK 3: Complete the table and write the substance into the correct column Element Compound Mixture Continue to Task 4 The de Ferrers Academy - Science 3

4 TASK 4: Use the periodic table at the end of the project to help you answer the following questions. 1. Give the names of the elements represented by the following symbols: a) C.. d) Cu. b) Cl. e) Na. c) Ca f) F. 2. Which of the elements in Question 1 are non-metals? 3. Give the names of those elements whose symbols appear in this shop sign TASK 5: Use the periodic table to identify specific elements and regions of elements. There is a periodic table at the end of the project booklet to help you. Approximate time to complete task 5-10 minutes The de Ferrers Academy - Science 4

5 1. What is the name of the element with the symbol H? In which regions of the periodic table are the following types of element found? (i) (ii) (iii) Non-metals (such as oxygen and chlorine); Region. Very reactive metals (such as sodium and potassium) Region Less reactive metals (such as copper and zinc) Region.. 3. Why is copper sulphate not found in the periodic table?.. Metals and Non-metals To identify the difference between a metal and a non-metal To identify compounds made from metals and non-metals To use the properties of metals to justify their use TASK 6: Use the information in the box provided to answer the questions. Approximate time to complete task 15 minutes The de Ferrers Academy - Science 5

6 1. From the substances named above, give: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) the name of a metal; the name of an element which is a non-metal; the name of an element which will rust;.. the name of a compound; 2. When magnesium and sulphur are heated together, they react. Write the name of the compound which formed when magnesium reacts with sulphur The list gives four properties of most metals. From the list of properties, give the main reason why; (i) garden spades are made from metals; (ii) jewellery is made from metals; (iii) saucepan bottoms are made from metals; Paper clips are made from steel wire because steel is a cheap and strong metal. Give another reason, not in the list above, why paper clips are made from steel wire. The de Ferrers Academy - Science 6

7 Acids and Alkalis To identify the hazards of using chemicals from their hazard symbols To use hazard symbols to create a wear eye protection sign To know if certain acids are safe or hazardous TASK 7: Safety With Acids Approximate time to complete task 50 minutes 1. Look at these chemical labels on the next page. Explain what precautions you would take when using these chemicals. Use the hazard labels key below. (Moderate hazard) Not corrosive, but can cause reddening/blistering of the skin (Flammable) These substances easily catch fire (Oxidising) Provides oxygen which helps other materialss to burn more fiercely (Health hazards) Hazardous to health, but not as dangerous as toxic materials (Corrosive) Attacks and destrous living tissues, including eyes and skin (Acutely toxic) May cause death if swallowed, breathed in or absorbed through the skin The de Ferrers Academy - Science 7

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9 2. On A4 paper, on on a computer - Design a new Wear Eye protection sign for your Academy laboratory. 3. Look at the list of acids in the diagram below and decide and state whether they are safe or hazardous. Acids and Alkalis To identify the difference between an acid and an alkali To understand what neutralisation is To apply your knowledge of neutralisation to everyday medicines The de Ferrers Academy - Science 9

10 Approximate time to complete task 7, 8 & 9 50 minutes TASK 7: Characteristics of Acids and Alkalis 1. Fill in the missing words. Acids taste. Oranges and lemons contain. acid. The opposite of an acid is an If a solution is neither an acid nor an alkali it is.. 2. Everyday acids. In the table below fill in 5 everyday acids and alkalis. Acids Alkalis 3. Name a neutral substance. TASK 8: Indicators 1. Fill in the missing words. An is a substance that changes in acids, alkali and neutral solutions. An example of an indicator is... In an acid it turns.. and in alkali it turns In a neutral solution it turns 2. Are the following acid or alkali. Place an X in the correct box. ph Acid Alkali What ph is a neutral solution?. The de Ferrers Academy - Science 10

11 TASK 9: Neutralisation and Uses 1. Fill in the missing words. Acids and alkalis are chemical. If an acid is added to an alkali the ph will.. If an equal amount of acid is added to the alkali the ph will be We can now say the alkali has been. 2. Define the following words Neutralisation: - Neutral: - Dilute: - Concentrated: - 3. Heartburn is when your stomach produces too much acid. Antacids are used to stop heartburn. How do you think they work? The de Ferrers Academy - Science 11

12 Resource Help Sheet: Use the periodic table above to help you answer some of the questions. 3. The Periodic Table of Elements He 1 H hydrogen helium 2 1 Key 20 Ne 19 F 16 O 14 N 12 C 11 B relative atomic mass atomic symbol 9 Be 7 Li neon 10 fluorine 9 oxygen 8 nitrogen 7 carbon 6 boron 5 name atomic (proton) number beryllium 4 lithium 3 40 Ar 35.5 Cl 32 S 31 P 28 Si 27 Al 24 Mg 23 Na argon 18 chlorine 17 sulfur 16 phosphorus 15 silicon 14 aluminium 13 magnesium 12 sodium Kr 80 Br 79 Se 75 As 73 Ge 70 Ga 65 Zn 63.5 Cu 59 Ni 59 Co 56 Fe 55 Mn 52 Cr 51 V 48 Ti 45 Sc 40 Ca 39 K The de Ferrers Academy - Science 12 krypton 36 bromine 35 selenium 34 arsenic 33 germanium 32 gallium 31 zinc 30 copper 29 nickel 28 cobalt 27 iron 26 manganese 25 chromium 24 vanadium 23 titanium 22 scandium 21 calcium 20 potassium Xe 127 I 128 Te 122 Sb 119 Sn 115 In 112 Cd 108 Ag 106 Pd 103 Rh 101 Ru [98] Tc 96 Mo 93 Nb 91 Zr 89 Y 88 Sr 85 Rb xenon 54 iodine 53 tellurium 52 antimony tin indium 49 cadmium 48 silver 47 palladium 46 rhodium 45 ruthenium 44 technetium 43 molybdenum 42 niobium 41 zirconium 40 yttrium 39 strontium 38 rubidium 37 [222] Rn [210] At [209] Po 209 Bi 207 Pb 204 Tl 201 Hg 197 Au 195 Pt 192 Ir 190 Os 186 Re 184 W 181 Ta 178 Hf 139 La* 137 Ba 133 Cs radon 86 astatine 85 polonium 84 bismuth 83 lead 82 thallium 81 mercury 80 gold 79 platinum 78 iridium 77 osmium 76 rhenium 75 tungsten 74 tantalum 73 hafnium 72 lanthanum 57 barium 56 caesium 55 Elements with atomic numbers have been reported but not fully authenticated [272] Rg [271] Ds [268] Mt [277] Hs [264] Bh [266] Sg [262] Db [261] Rf [227] Ac* [226] Ra [223] Fr roentgenium 111 darmstadtium 110 meitnerium 109 hassium 108 bohrium 107 seaborgium 106 dubnium 105 rutherfordium 104 actinium 89 radium 88 francium 87 * The Lanthanides (atomic numbers 58 71) and the Actinides (atomic numbers ) have been omitted.