Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration

Transcription

1 6 th International Conference on Population Geographies, Umeå, Sweden, June Session 11. Internal migration in a changing world Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration Frank Heins 1 and Enrico Tucci 2 1 IRPPS-CNR 2 ISTAT

2 Structure of the presentation Introduction Recent trends of immigration and internal migration in Italy Forming clusters Can these clusters be characterised by indipendent variables Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 2

3 Aims To review recent trends in Italy of international immigration and internal out-migration. Classification of Italian provinces according their recent trends in mobility patterns international immigration and internal out-migration. Investigating the possible link between international immigration and internal mobility Investigating possible determinants causes of low internal mobility of Italians and high immigration. Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 3

4 Links The discussion of gateway cities or areas for the arrival of international immigration does not hold. In Italy international immigration seems to follow the existing distribution of the foreign population (chainmigration). However, the share of foreign citizens I internal migration increases: correction to a wrong decision, or part of an original migration project? It could be sometimes easier to immigrate in certain areas. Or the effect of amnesties or special legalising schemes. Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 4

5 High immigration... International migration flows increased considerably over the last years. The foreign population reached 3.89 millions by the end of 2008 (4.56 millions at the end of 2010). Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 5

6 ... low internal out-migration Internal out-migration continues to be low. Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 6

7 Data The internal and international migratory flows come from register data or anagrafe : administrative source of changes of residence between Italian municipalities and to/from other countries. It is based on individual data and it has been extensively restructured in recent years and its quality has been considerably improved. The data refer to the time period and considers the changes of residence in and between the 107 Italian provinces. Only since 2003 estimates of mobility rates by citizenship are available. Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 7

8 ... our first steps Summarising the citizenship-, gender- and agespecific patterns of international and internal international migration. Forming clusters of provinces. Where possible the analysis are weighted with the total provincial population. Age is aggregated into age-groups: 0-19, 20-34, 35-49, 50-64, and 80 and older. Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 8

9 Summarising mobility patterns Immigration of foreigners 19.3 % Intra-provincial and <150km of Italians 18.8 % Intra-provincial and <150km of foreigners 16.5 % Inter-provincial >150km of foreigners 10.6 % Immigration of Italians (return-migration) 8.9 % Inter-provincial >150km of elderly Italians 4.6 % Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 9

10 for example immigration of foreigners Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 10

11 The clusters Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 11

12 The red cluster Torino Imperia Savona Milano Roma Italian M intra-provincial Italian M inter-provincial (150+) Italian M immigration Rates (per 1,000) Italian F intra-provincial Italian F inter-provincial (150+) Italian F immigration Foreign M intra-provincial Foreign M inter-provincial (150+) Foreign M immigration Foreign F intra-provincial Foreign F inter-provincial (150+) Foreign F immigration Age Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 12

13 The blue cluster Cuneo Varese 80 Como Sondrio 70 Bergamo Italian M intra-provincial Bolzano-Bozen Trento 60 Italian M inter-provincial (150+) Verona Italian M immigration Vicenza Italian F intra-provincial 50 Belluno Italian F inter-provincial (150+) Treviso Venezia Italian F immigration 40 Padova Foreign M intra-provincial Rovigo Udine 30 Foreign M inter-provincial (150+) Massa-Carrara Foreign M immigration Lucca Foreign F intra-provincial 20 Viterbo Foreign F inter-provincial (150+) Rieti Latina 10 Foreign F immigration Frosinone L'Aquila Teramo 0 Pescara Chieti Age Ragusa Biella Lecco Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 13 Rates (per 1,000)

14 The light blue cluster Genova Trieste Caserta Napoli Bari Taranto Brindisi Lecce Matera Trapani Palermo Messina Caltanissetta Catania Siracusa Sassari Nuoro Cagliari Oristano Ogliastra Medio Campidano Carbonia-Iglesias Rates (per 1,000) Italian M intra-provincial Italian M inter-provincial (150+) Italian M immigration Italian F intra-provincial Italian F inter-provincial (150+) Italian F immigration Foreign M intra-provincial Foreign M inter-provincial (150+) Foreign M immigration Foreign F intra-provincial Foreign F inter-provincial (150+) Foreign F immigration Age Heins and Tucci: Italy: low internal mobility in times of high immigration 14