Wed, March 19 th : 6 th & 8 th hr- Webquest 7 th hr- Darwin Article #1/ 10.1 notes*/ 10.1 WS*

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1 Wed, March 19 th : 6 th & 8 th hr- Webquest 7 th hr- Darwin Article #1/ 10.1 notes*/ 10.1 WS* Biology Sec & 10.2 Outline Name: Date: Pd: Sec KEY CONCEPT There were theories of biological and geologic change before Darwin. Early proposed ideas about. Evolution is the biological process by which descendants come to from their ancestors. A is a group of organisms that can and have offspring. There were many important naturalists in the 18th century. : classification system from kingdom to species : species shared ancestors rather than arising separately : more-complex forms developed from less-complex forms : environmental change leads to use or disuse of a structure Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin s Theory. Holt McDougal Biology 1 The Evolution of Populations

2 There were three theories of geologic change. Catastrophism disasters & eruptions have occurred throughout long history these events shaped & caused species to go Gradualism Geologist (late 1700 s) changes in landforms resulted from changes over a period of argued that the laying down of or the of by rivers were very processes over time Uniformitarianism English geologist (1830 s) geologic processes that shape the Earth are through it Hutton s idea of change with Lyell s observations that such changes are & Holt McDougal Biology 2 The Evolution of Populations

3 Section 10.1: Early Ideas About Evolution Study Guide KEY CONCEPT There were theories of biological and geologic change before Darwin. VOCABULARY evolution fossil gradualism species catastrophism uniformitarianism MAIN IDEA: Early scientists proposed ideas about evolution. Match each scientist with the statement that best reflects his ideas about evolutionary theory. 1. Linnaeus 2. Lamarck 3. Darwin (Erasmus) 4. Buffon a. Species don t become extinct but instead evolve into different forms in response to changes in the environment. b. More complex forms of life evolved from less complex forms. c. Earth is much older than previously thought. d. Organisms can be classified according to their similarities. Choose the best answer for the statement or question. 5. To be considered members of the same species, organisms must be able to a. look alike. b. reproduce together & have fertile offspring. c. live in the same habitat. d. eat the same types of food. 6. What is incorrect about Lamarck s theory of how organisms evolve? a. He did not explain how traits were passed on to offspring. b. He did not explain why an animal would need to develop new traits. c. He did not explain why changes in the environment caused an organism s behavior to change. d. He did not explain how competition might help animals to develop traits. Holt McDougal Biology 3 The Evolution of Populations

4 continued 7. Which scientist developed a system for classifying organisms that is still used today? a. Carolus Linnaeus c. Erasmus Darwin b. Georges Louis LeClerc de Buffon d. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck catastrophism gradualism uniformitarianism 8. Write the names of the theories next to their descriptions. Geologic Theory Description The idea that changes on Earth occurred by small steps over long periods of time The idea that geologic processes add up over long periods of time to produce great change The idea that volcanoes, floods, earthquakes, and other such events caused mass extinctions and the formation of all landforms Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 9. A trace of an organism that existed in the past is called a. 10. is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors. 11. Events such as volcanoes, floods, and earthquakes are the basis of. 12. can be summarized by the phrase the present is the key to the past. WHO S WHO? Linnaeus : Lamarck : Buffon : Darwin 13. Charles Darwin s poetic grandfather 14. Thought that a giraffe s long neck evolved from reaching high in trees 15. Grouped living organisms into categories based on what they looked like 16. Wrote Histoire Naturelle (Natural History) in 1749 Holt McDougal Biology 4 The Evolution of Populations

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6 Holt McDougal Biology 6 The Evolution of Populations