Mechanisms of Evolution
|
|
- Melvin Pearson
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 page 2 page 3 Teacher's Notes Mechanisms of Evolution Grades: Duration: 28 mins Summary of Program Evolution is the gradual change that can be seen in a population s genetic composition, from one generation to the next. The three main mechanisms of evolution include: 1. Genetic Drift 2. Mutation, and 3. Natural Selection The first part will concentrate on Genetic Drift with the use of a model to demonstrate its effect on small and large populations. An example will also be used to explain how Genetic Drift can lead to the formation of new biological species over a long period of time. Then models of Mutation and Natural Selection will be demonstrated and the results carefully tabulated and analyzed. Examples of particular populations, which have likely evolved through each mechanism, will also be highlighted. 1. Genetic Drift A population is a group of interbreeding organisms of the same species. There is great variation within any population due to each type of gene being present in different forms and frequencies. The collection of all the different types of genes in a population is known as a gene pool. From generation to generation, changes in the gene pool will occur due to chance leading to the disappearance of particular forms of a gene. This phenomenon is called Genetic Drift and it occurs more quickly when the population is small. Since this process is due to chance, the loss of a particular gene from a population s gene pool is completely random. This means that two different populations of a certain species living in close proximity yet isolated from each other (e.g.. geographical barrier) may produce different results. The long-term outcome of Genetic Drift occurring in these two populations can be the formation of a new biological species. This is known as speciation. 2. Mutation Mutations are changes that can occur in individuals DNA. They may result from a deletion, transposition or duplication of a part of the DNA, or a substitution of one or more nucleotides in the molecule. Most mutations occur randomly and spontaneously, and generally have no effect on the organism s survival. However, other types of mutations include those that are: a) deleterious, which have a varying, negative effect on an organism s survival b) lethal, where organism s do not live long enough to reproduce, and c) advantageous, which increases the organism s chances of survival. Mutations are generally regarded as the main driving force for evolutionary change. 3. Natural Selection In any organism a particular gene will occur in pairs (one from each parent) called alleles. Alleles may confer favourable characteristics to the organism making it more likely to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. This means that these alleles are more likely to be present in greater numbers in the next generation. In contrast, an organism that has inherited less favourable alleles for a particular environment will be less likely to survive and reproduce. These alleles
2 page 4 page 5 page 6 will eventually diminish from the population with time. This interaction between an organism and its environment results in changes in the population s gene pool from generation to generation, leading to evolution. This process was introduced by Charles Darwin in 1838 and is known as Natural Selection. Humans have been manipulating the process of selecting favourable characteristics for the purpose of breeding crops and animals. For example, traits for sweetness in fruit and size in animals are often specifically selected and carefully bred into succeeding generations. This is called artificial selection. The smaller the population size, the quicker the desired outcome is reached. Pre-Video Work 1. Students can write their own definition for what they understand evolution to mean. Collect a variety of responses from the students and use them to formulate a formal definition for the class to incorporate into their work. 2. Visit the library with your class and instruct students to research two contributors to the theory of evolution and briefly describe their ideas (e.g.. Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste Lamarck, Georges Cuvier, Louis Agassiz, Alfred Russel Wallace). 3. Have a Pop Quiz with the class or simply discuss the meaning of the following terms, population, genes, gene pool, and species. 4. Read the questions on the student work sheet with the class to familiarize them with the work to be completed. It is advised that students carefully view the video first to give it their full attention and then attempt the questions during a second viewing. 5. Revise work on mutations by discussing the following terms, chromosome, gene, allele, DNA, nucleotide, base pair, amino acid, mutation, DNA replication, and protein synthesis (transcription and translation). Alternatively, students could be asked to write a paragraph about mutations using the above terms. 6. Visit the library to research diseases/disorders caused by different types of mutations. Students could either a) be given the name of a particular condition to work on and be asked to determine the category of mutation that it belongs to along with its effects on the individual and possible treatment, or else, b) choose their own disorder to research from a pre-determined category. This will eliminate students all researching the same disease. A brief presentation could then be given to the class. Conditions could include sickle cell anaemia, phenylketonuria, Down s Syndrome, haemophilia, Tay-Sachs disease, Huntington s disease, colour-blindness, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Aniridia tumour, Wilms tumour, dwarfism, albinism. 7. Ask students to write a paragraph about the main idea behind Natural Selection. Students are encouraged to discuss their understanding of Natural Selection with the class.
3 CREDITS Writer/Producer Arthur Tanaka On-line Editor Dominique Fusy Photography Peter Beeh Graphics/Editor Rowena Crowe Sound Phillip Mcguire Dominique Fusy Consultant/Teachers Notes Vanesssa Hutchinson Executive Producers John Davis Corinna Klupiec Thanks to Mark Tanaka University of NSW Copyright CLASSROOM VIDEO (2004) and Orders: Classroom Video Hartley Avenue Coquitlam, BC V3K 7A1 Ph: (604) Fax: (604) Australia: Phone: (02) Fax: (02) UK: Phone: (01454) Fax: (01454) USA: Phone: Fax: New Zealand Phone/Fax: (09)
4 Student Worksheet: Part 1 - Genetic Drift 1. What is heredity? 2. Who described how heredity works? 3. What word did he use for the term gene? 4. How do bacteria and eukaryotes differ? 5. What is an allele? 6. How did the two students in the demonstration ensure random mating would occur between the organisms they were studying? 7. What assumptions are made in this demonstration? 8. Describe the results obtained from this demonstration? 9. Describe a population bottleneck. 10. Where can population bottlenecks occur in nature? 11. What happened when the demonstration was repeated with a larger population? 12. How is Genetic Drift used a genetic tool? 13. Define speciation and how it can occur. 14. Why does Madagascar have so many different varieties of Lemurs? 15. Genetic Drift occurs in small populations and in larger populations. 16. Genetic Drift occurs in isolated populations and in non-isolated populations. 17. Populations living close to each other, but isolated from each other may drift into becoming species over a very long time, through Genetic Drift. Activities following the video 1. Students can repeat the experiments for themselves. Half the class can examine the effect of Genetic Drift on large populations and the other half, small populations. Between each group comparisons can be made about which genes have gone extinct. This can highlight the random nature of Genetic Drift. 2. Have students discuss in terms of Genetic Drift how it could be possible in nature for two different populations of the same species living close by to diverge into two different species over time. Discussion can be guided towards the effects of different types of isolation (eg. reproductive isolation, geographical isolation, genetic isolation). Research Task 1. In this video, two members of the Prosimian group of Primates, the Lemur s of Madagascar and the Lorises of India, were used as an example of populations that have experienced Genetic Drift. Use secondary sources to research another species that has undergone this process.
5 Student Worksheet: Part 2 - Mutation and Natural Selection 1. Define mutation. 2. Give an example of the effect of mutation. 3. Name 4 types of mutations. 4. A mutation has no effect on the survival of the organism. 5. The number of mutations far outweigh the, or mutations in any single organism. 6. Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic. 7. Evolution needs. 8. Mutation acts in opposition to by increasing variation. 9. Name the organism that Darwin studied on the Galapagos Islands. 10. It is through Natural Selection that changes occur in a population. 11. Selection occurs when one is favoured over another by the environment. 12. Define adaptation. 13. How was Natural Selection modelled in the demonstration. 14. In a population, the effect of Natural Selection may take a long time to manifest. 15. In a small population what force can overpower the effect of Natural Selection? 16. What effect has Natural Selection had on fish and the fishing industry? 17. What effect has Natural Selection had on bacteria? 18. How have humans used Natural Selection to their advantage? Give examples of its use. Activities following the video 1. Students can design and conduct their own demonstration to model Natural Selection. It may involve using counters of varying colours of which one may be better able to camouflage into a particular surface (eg. the grass, earth or if you wish to remain in the classroom a coloured mat could be used). 2. Discuss the effects that Genetic Drift, Mutation and Natural Selection have on genetic variation. Students can also discuss the benefits of variation within a population. Research Task 1. In this video, the decrease in the size of fish caught by the fishing industry and the increased resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, were discussed as examples of Natural Selection. Students are to use secondary sources to research their own example of the effect of Natural Selection upon a population. Students may work in pairs to collect and present their information to the class.
Principles of Evolution - Origin of Species
Theories of Organic Evolution X Multiple Centers of Creation (de Buffon) developed the concept of "centers of creation throughout the world organisms had arisen, which other species had evolved from X
More informationBiology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15
Biology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15 Species - group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; genetically similar 13.7, 14.2 Population
More informationEvolution, Natural Selection, and Adaptation
Evolution, Natural Selection, and Adaptation Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. (Theodosius Dobzhansky) Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Voyage of HMS Beagle (1831-1836) Thinking
More informationSummary. 16 1 Genes and Variation. 16 2 Evolution as Genetic Change. Name Class Date
Chapter 16 Summary Evolution of Populations 16 1 Genes and Variation Darwin s original ideas can now be understood in genetic terms. Beginning with variation, we now know that traits are controlled by
More informationEvolution (18%) 11 Items Sample Test Prep Questions
Evolution (18%) 11 Items Sample Test Prep Questions Grade 7 (Evolution) 3.a Students know both genetic variation and environmental factors are causes of evolution and diversity of organisms. (pg. 109 Science
More informationAP BIOLOGY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
AP BIOLOGY 2010 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 2 Certain human genetic conditions, such as sickle cell anemia, result from single base-pair mutations in DNA. (a) Explain how a single base-pair mutation
More informationWorksheet: The theory of natural selection
Worksheet: The theory of natural selection Senior Phase Grade 7-9 Learning area: Natural Science Strand: Life and living Theme: Biodiversity, change and continuity Specific Aim 1: Acquiring knowledge of
More informationAP Biology Essential Knowledge Student Diagnostic
AP Biology Essential Knowledge Student Diagnostic Background The Essential Knowledge statements provided in the AP Biology Curriculum Framework are scientific claims describing phenomenon occurring in
More informationLECTURE 6 Gene Mutation (Chapter 16.1-16.2)
LECTURE 6 Gene Mutation (Chapter 16.1-16.2) 1 Mutation: A permanent change in the genetic material that can be passed from parent to offspring. Mutant (genotype): An organism whose DNA differs from the
More informationA Hands-On Exercise To Demonstrate Evolution
HOW-TO-DO-IT A Hands-On Exercise To Demonstrate Evolution by Natural Selection & Genetic Drift H ELEN J. YOUNG T RUMAN P. Y OUNG Although students learn (i.e., hear about) the components of evolution by
More informationLocalised Sex, Contingency and Mutator Genes. Bacterial Genetics as a Metaphor for Computing Systems
Localised Sex, Contingency and Mutator Genes Bacterial Genetics as a Metaphor for Computing Systems Outline Living Systems as metaphors Evolutionary mechanisms Mutation Sex and Localized sex Contingent
More informationBIO 1: Review: Evolution
Name: Class: Date: ID: A BIO 1: Review: Evolution True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Radiometric dating measures the age of an object by measuring the proportions of radioactive
More informationA Correlation of Miller & Levine Biology 2014
A Correlation of Miller & Levine Biology To Ohio s New Learning Standards for Science, 2011 Biology, High School Science Inquiry and Application Course Content A Correlation of, to Introduction This document
More informationBob Jesberg. Boston, MA April 3, 2014
DNA, Replication and Transcription Bob Jesberg NSTA Conference Boston, MA April 3, 2014 1 Workshop Agenda Looking at DNA and Forensics The DNA, Replication i and Transcription i Set DNA Ladder The Double
More informationThe sequence of bases on the mrna is a code that determines the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide being synthesized:
Module 3F Protein Synthesis So far in this unit, we have examined: How genes are transmitted from one generation to the next Where genes are located What genes are made of How genes are replicated How
More informationContinuous and discontinuous variation
Continuous and discontinuous variation Variation, the small differences that exist between individuals, can be described as being either discontinuous or continuous. Discontinuous variation This is where
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology 11 th Edition, 2015 Marieb
A Correlation of Essentials of Human Anatomy Marieb To the Next Generation Science Standards Life A Correlation of, HS-LS1 From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes HS-LS1-1. Construct an explanation
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 10 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 10 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is the term for a feature
More informationGene mutation and molecular medicine Chapter 15
Gene mutation and molecular medicine Chapter 15 Lecture Objectives What Are Mutations? How Are DNA Molecules and Mutations Analyzed? How Do Defective Proteins Lead to Diseases? What DNA Changes Lead to
More informationOkami Study Guide: Chapter 3 1
Okami Study Guide: Chapter 3 1 Chapter in Review 1. Heredity is the tendency of offspring to resemble their parents in various ways. Genes are units of heredity. They are functional strands of DNA grouped
More information(D) 181-183, 186-187, 190-193 TFYI 187 TPK 190
NEVADA Life Science Content Standards for Grade 8 Life s Structure and Function A From Bacteria to Plants B Animal Diversity C Human Body Systems D OBJECTIVES Content Standard 6.0: Structure and Function
More informationGenetic information (DNA) determines structure of proteins DNA RNA proteins cell structure 3.11 3.15 enzymes control cell chemistry ( metabolism )
Biology 1406 Exam 3 Notes Structure of DNA Ch. 10 Genetic information (DNA) determines structure of proteins DNA RNA proteins cell structure 3.11 3.15 enzymes control cell chemistry ( metabolism ) Proteins
More informationStructure and Function of DNA
Structure and Function of DNA DNA and RNA Structure DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. They consist of chemical units called nucleotides. The nucleotides are joined by a sugar-phosphate backbone. The four
More informationHow Cancer Begins???????? Chithra Manikandan Nov 2009
Cancer Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the developed world: 1 in 4 deaths are due to cancer 1 in 17 deaths are due to lung cancer Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men Breast cancer
More informationEvidence for evolution factsheet
The theory of evolution by natural selection is supported by a great deal of evidence. Fossils Fossils are formed when organisms become buried in sediments, causing little decomposition of the organism.
More informationLecture 3: Mutations
Lecture 3: Mutations Recall that the flow of information within a cell involves the transcription of DNA to mrna and the translation of mrna to protein. Recall also, that the flow of information between
More informationPractice Questions 1: Evolution
Practice Questions 1: Evolution 1. Which concept is best illustrated in the flowchart below? A. natural selection B. genetic manipulation C. dynamic equilibrium D. material cycles 2. The diagram below
More informationBioBoot Camp Genetics
BioBoot Camp Genetics BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information DNA Replication is the process of DNA being copied before
More informationAS Biology Unit 2 Key Terms and Definitions. Make sure you use these terms when answering exam questions!
AS Biology Unit 2 Key Terms and Definitions Make sure you use these terms when answering exam questions! Chapter 7 Variation 7.1 Random Sampling Sampling a population to eliminate bias e.g. grid square
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 9 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 9 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Genetic engineering is possible
More informationGenetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005. Lectures 1 2
Genetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005 Lectures 1 2 Lecture 1 We will begin this course with the question: What is a gene? This question will take us four lectures to answer because there are actually several
More informationGenetics Module B, Anchor 3
Genetics Module B, Anchor 3 Key Concepts: - An individual s characteristics are determines by factors that are passed from one parental generation to the next. - During gamete formation, the alleles for
More informationChapter 3. Chapter Outline. Chapter Outline 9/11/10. Heredity and Evolu4on
Chapter 3 Heredity and Evolu4on Chapter Outline The Cell DNA Structure and Function Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis The Genetic Principles Discovered by Mendel Mendelian Inheritance in Humans Misconceptions
More informationDNA Replication & Protein Synthesis. This isn t a baaaaaaaddd chapter!!!
DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis This isn t a baaaaaaaddd chapter!!! The Discovery of DNA s Structure Watson and Crick s discovery of DNA s structure was based on almost fifty years of research by other
More information1 Mutation and Genetic Change
CHAPTER 14 1 Mutation and Genetic Change SECTION Genes in Action KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What is the origin of genetic differences among organisms? What kinds
More informationBiological Sciences Initiative. Human Genome
Biological Sciences Initiative HHMI Human Genome Introduction In 2000, researchers from around the world published a draft sequence of the entire genome. 20 labs from 6 countries worked on the sequence.
More informationRNA and Protein Synthesis
Name lass Date RN and Protein Synthesis Information and Heredity Q: How does information fl ow from DN to RN to direct the synthesis of proteins? 13.1 What is RN? WHT I KNOW SMPLE NSWER: RN is a nucleic
More informationKaustubha Qanungo Ph.D Biological Sciences Trident Technical College 7000 Rivers Avenue Charleston SC 29464
Call for action: Paradigm shift in teaching microbiology in a community colleges Kaustubha Qanungo Ph.D Biological Sciences Trident Technical College 7000 Rivers Avenue Charleston SC 29464 Project Course:
More informationBiology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9
Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types
More informationUNIT 13 (OPTION) Genetic Abnormalities
Unit 13 Genetic Abnormailities 1 UNIT 13 (OPTION) Genetic Abnormalities Originally developed by: Hildur Helgedottir RN, MN Revised (2000) by: Marlene Reimer RN, PhD, CCN (C) Associate Professor Faculty
More information12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity
12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity Only in the last 50 years have scientists understood the role of DNA in heredity. That understanding began with the discovery of DNA s structure. In 1952, Rosalind Franklin
More informationGenetic Mutations. Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes.
Genetic Mutations Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes. Agenda Warm UP: What is a mutation? Body cell? Gamete? Notes on Mutations Karyotype Web Activity
More informationDNA, RNA, Protein synthesis, and Mutations. Chapters 12-13.3
DNA, RNA, Protein synthesis, and Mutations Chapters 12-13.3 1A)Identify the components of DNA and explain its role in heredity. DNA s Role in heredity: Contains the genetic information of a cell that can
More informationEndemic and Introduced Species Lesson Plan
Grade Level: 6-8 Curriculum Focus: Ecosystems and Biomes Lesson Duration: Two class periods Student Objectives Materials Understand and apply the term endemic to animal and plant life, meaning native,
More information14.3 Studying the Human Genome
14.3 Studying the Human Genome Lesson Objectives Summarize the methods of DNA analysis. State the goals of the Human Genome Project and explain what we have learned so far. Lesson Summary Manipulating
More informationCystic Fibrosis Webquest Sarah Follenweider, The English High School 2009 Summer Research Internship Program
Cystic Fibrosis Webquest Sarah Follenweider, The English High School 2009 Summer Research Internship Program Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited chronic disease that affects the lungs and
More informationLecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009
Lecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009 Reproductive isolating mechanisms Prezygotic barriers: Anything that prevents mating and fertilization is a prezygotic mechanism. Habitat isolation, behavioral isolation,
More informationTo be able to describe polypeptide synthesis including transcription and splicing
Thursday 8th March COPY LO: To be able to describe polypeptide synthesis including transcription and splicing Starter Explain the difference between transcription and translation BATS Describe and explain
More informationTeacher s Guide For. Core Biology: Animal Sciences
Teacher s Guide For Core Biology: Animal Sciences For grade 7 - College Programs produced by Centre Communications, Inc. for Ambrose Video Publishing, Inc. Executive Producer William V. Ambrose Teacher's
More informationCTY Genetics Syllabus
CTY Genetics Syllabus Week 1: Review and Mendelian Genetics What (DUE DATE) 1 Introduction and Review Morning Classroom Policies/ Ice Breaker Game/Introductions Syllabus Distribute Syllabus, Discuss Course
More informationCampbell Biology in Focus Correlation for AP Biology Curriculum Framework
Campbell Biology in Focus Correlation for AP Biology Curriculum Framework Chapters/ Graphical analysis of allele frequencies in a population 5 Application of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation 1,
More informationName Class Date. Figure 13 1. 2. Which nucleotide in Figure 13 1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA? a. uracil c. cytosine b. guanine d.
13 Multiple Choice RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter Test A Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. Which of the following are found in both
More informationRegents Biology REGENTS REVIEW: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Period Date REGENTS REVIEW: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 1. The diagram at the right represents a portion of a type of organic molecule present in the cells of organisms. What will most likely happen if there is
More informationAssignment Discovery Online Curriculum
Assignment Discovery Online Curriculum Lesson title: Nature Versus Nurture Grade level: 9-12, with adaptation for younger students Subject area: Human Body Contemporary Studies Behavioral Science Duration:
More informationWorksheet - COMPARATIVE MAPPING 1
Worksheet - COMPARATIVE MAPPING 1 The arrangement of genes and other DNA markers is compared between species in Comparative genome mapping. As early as 1915, the geneticist J.B.S Haldane reported that
More informationName: 4. A typical phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross is a) 9:1 b) 3:4 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:2:1:2:1 e) 6:3:3:6
Name: Multiple-choice section Choose the answer which best completes each of the following statements or answers the following questions and so make your tutor happy! 1. Which of the following conclusions
More informationBecker Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular Dystrophy A Case Study of Positional Cloning Described by Benjamin Duchenne (1868) X-linked recessive disease causing severe muscular degeneration. 100 % penetrance X d Y affected male Frequency
More informationFAQs: Gene drives - - What is a gene drive?
FAQs: Gene drives - - What is a gene drive? During normal sexual reproduction, each of the two versions of a given gene has a 50 percent chance of being inherited by a particular offspring (Fig 1A). Gene
More informationLecture 6: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Lecture 6: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) Single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs (pronounced "snips") are DNA sequence variations that occur
More informationAP Biology Syllabus 2012-2013
n AP Biology, an emphasis is on students making connections between the big ideas within the AP Biology Curriculum Framework. he two main goals of AP Biology are to help students develop a conceptual framework
More informationMCAS Biology. Review Packet
MCAS Biology Review Packet 1 Name Class Date 1. Define organic. THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE 2. All living things are made up of 6 essential elements: SPONCH. Name the six elements of life. S N P C O H 3. Elements
More informationName Date Period. 2. When a molecule of double-stranded DNA undergoes replication, it results in
DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Keystone 1. During the process shown above, the two strands of one DNA molecule are unwound. Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results
More informationHeredity - Patterns of Inheritance
Heredity - Patterns of Inheritance Genes and Alleles A. Genes 1. A sequence of nucleotides that codes for a special functional product a. Transfer RNA b. Enzyme c. Structural protein d. Pigments 2. Genes
More informationNext Generation Science Standards
The Next Generation Science Standards and the Life Sciences The important features of life science standards for elementary, middle, and high school levels Rodger W. Bybee Publication of the Next Generation
More informationScottish Qualifications Authority
National Unit specification: general information Unit code: FH2G 12 Superclass: RH Publication date: March 2011 Source: Scottish Qualifications Authority Version: 01 Summary This Unit is a mandatory Unit
More informationHigh School Science Course Correlations between Ohio s 2010 Course Syllabi and the First Draft of the High School NGSS
High School Science Course Correlations between Ohio s 2010 Course Syllabi and the First Draft of the High School NGSS This document correlates the content in Ohio s course syllabi with the performance
More informationa. Ribosomal RNA rrna a type ofrna that combines with proteins to form Ribosomes on which polypeptide chains of proteins are assembled
Biology 101 Chapter 14 Name: Fill-in-the-Blanks Which base follows the next in a strand of DNA is referred to. as the base (1) Sequence. The region of DNA that calls for the assembly of specific amino
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know.
More informationDogs and More Dogs. NOVA presents the story of dogs and how they evolved into the most diverse mammals on the planet.
Program Overview NOVA presents the story of dogs and how they evolved into the most diverse mammals on the planet. The program: discusses the evolution and remarkable diversity of dogs. notes that there
More informationReplication Study Guide
Replication Study Guide This study guide is a written version of the material you have seen presented in the replication unit. Self-reproduction is a function of life that human-engineered systems have
More informationGenomes and SNPs in Malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia
Genomes and SNPs in Malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia Introduction to Genome Browsing with Ensembl Ensembl The vast amount of information in biological databases today demands a way of organising and accessing
More informationConnected Experience: Evolution and the Galápagos Tortoise
Connected Experience: Evolution and the Galápagos Tortoise GRADE LEVELS 6 th -8 th ; California Content Standards for 7 th and High School Biology Objectives SUBJECTS Life Sciences DURATION Pre-Visit:
More informationMS. Structure, Function, and Information Processing
MIDDLE SCHOOL LIFE SCIENCE Alignment with National Science Standards Use the chart below to find Science A-Z units that best support the Next Generation Science Standards* for Middle School Life Science,
More informationEuropean Medicines Agency
European Medicines Agency July 1996 CPMP/ICH/139/95 ICH Topic Q 5 B Quality of Biotechnological Products: Analysis of the Expression Construct in Cell Lines Used for Production of r-dna Derived Protein
More informationUmm AL Qura University MUTATIONS. Dr Neda M Bogari
Umm AL Qura University MUTATIONS Dr Neda M Bogari CONTACTS www.bogari.net http://web.me.com/bogari/bogari.net/ From DNA to Mutations MUTATION Definition: Permanent change in nucleotide sequence. It can
More informationBiology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2
Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2 Questions 1. Scientific method: What does each of these entail? Investigation and Experimentation Problem Hypothesis Methods Results/Data Discussion/Conclusion
More informationThe Steps. 1. Transcription. 2. Transferal. 3. Translation
Protein Synthesis Protein synthesis is simply the "making of proteins." Although the term itself is easy to understand, the multiple steps that a cell in a plant or animal must go through are not. In order
More informationBiology 274: Genetics Syllabus
Biology 274: Genetics Syllabus Description: An examination of the basic principles of genetics in eukaryotes and prokaryotes at the level of molecules, cells, and multicelluar organisms, including humans.
More informationScheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610)
Scheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) Unit 8: Inheritance and evolution Recommended prior knowledge Basic knowledge of Unit 1 cell structure is required, and also an understanding of the processes
More informationHuman Genome Organization: An Update. Genome Organization: An Update
Human Genome Organization: An Update Genome Organization: An Update Highlights of Human Genome Project Timetable Proposed in 1990 as 3 billion dollar joint venture between DOE and NIH with 15 year completion
More informationYear 10: The transmission of heritable characteristics from one generation to the next involves DNA
1 Overview In this activity, students identify an unknown code (Activity 1) and then apply it to identify the message in an unknown text (Activity 2). Discussion questions consolidate the learning,and
More informationMUTATION, DNA REPAIR AND CANCER
MUTATION, DNA REPAIR AND CANCER 1 Mutation A heritable change in the genetic material Essential to the continuity of life Source of variation for natural selection New mutations are more likely to be harmful
More informationTerms: The following terms are presented in this lesson (shown in bold italics and on PowerPoint Slides 2 and 3):
Unit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction Lesson 4: Understanding Genetics Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1. Explain
More informationMDM. Metabolic Drift Mutations - Attenuation Technology
MDM Metabolic Drift Mutations - Attenuation Technology Seite 2 Origin of MDM attenuation technology Prof. Dr. Klaus Linde Pioneer in R&D of human and animal vaccines University of Leipzig Germany Origin
More informationPre-Darwinian Thinking and Charles Darwin. http://nayagam.files.wordpress.com/2006/02/397px-charles_darwin_by_g._richmond.jpg
Pre-Darwinian Thinking and Charles Darwin http://nayagam.files.wordpress.com/2006/02/397px-charles_darwin_by_g._richmond.jpg 1 Outline Pre-Darwinian ideas on life The voyage of the Beagle The Origin of
More informationBasic Concepts Recombinant DNA Use with Chapter 13, Section 13.2
Name Date lass Master 19 Basic oncepts Recombinant DN Use with hapter, Section.2 Formation of Recombinant DN ut leavage Splicing opyright lencoe/mcraw-hill, a division of he Mcraw-Hill ompanies, Inc. Bacterial
More informationBiology 360 Genetics Lecture Syllabus and Schedule, Fall 2012 Tentative
Biology 360 Genetics Lecture Syllabus and Schedule, Fall 2012 Tentative Dr. David Keller Office: Holt 318 Lab: Holt 301 Office Hrs:10-11 am Ph: 898-5040 Dr. Jeff Bell Office: Holt 205 Ph: 898-5356 Prerequisites:
More informationJohnson State College External Degree Program. BIO-1210-JY01 Introduction to Biology Syllabus Spring 2015
Instructor: Barbara Pratt bigskyvt@gmail.com Dates: Jan 19 to May 10 (no class Apr 6 to 12) Johnson State College External Degree Program BIO-1210-JY01 Introduction to Biology Syllabus Spring 2015 Location:
More informationBiology: Foundation Edition Miller/Levine 2010
A Correlation of Biology: Foundation Edition Miller/Levine 2010 to the IDAHO CONTENT STANDARDS Science - Biology Grades 9-10 INTRODUCTION This document demonstrates how Prentice Hall s Biology: Foundation
More informationGene and Chromosome Mutation Worksheet (reference pgs. 239-240 in Modern Biology textbook)
Name Date Per Look at the diagrams, then answer the questions. Gene Mutations affect a single gene by changing its base sequence, resulting in an incorrect, or nonfunctional, protein being made. (a) A
More informationTranslation Study Guide
Translation Study Guide This study guide is a written version of the material you have seen presented in the replication unit. In translation, the cell uses the genetic information contained in mrna to
More informationCPO Science and the NGSS
CPO Science and the NGSS It is no coincidence that the performance expectations in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are all action-based. The NGSS champion the idea that science content cannot
More informationGene Switches A Model
Gene Switches A Model Abstract Conceptually, how genetic switches function and their role in the process of evolution, can be difficult for students to visualize. Gene Switches A Model attempts to make
More informationTuesday 14 May 2013 Morning
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Tuesday 14 May 2013 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE BIOLOGY A A161/02 Modules B1 B2 B3 (Higher Tier) *A137150613* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator
More informationGene Switches Teacher Information
STO-143 Gene Switches Teacher Information Summary Kit contains How do bacteria turn on and turn off genes? Students model the action of the lac operon that regulates the expression of genes essential for
More informationINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE Q5B
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE ICH HARMONISED TRIPARTITE GUIDELINE QUALITY OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: ANALYSIS
More informationISTEP+: Biology I End-of-Course Assessment Released Items and Scoring Notes
ISTEP+: Biology I End-of-Course Assessment Released Items and Scoring Notes Page 1 of 22 Introduction Indiana students enrolled in Biology I participated in the ISTEP+: Biology I Graduation Examination
More informationGenetics Test Biology I
Genetics Test Biology I Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Avery s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by a. RNA. c. proteins.
More informationComplete tests for CO 2 and H 2 Link observations of acid reactions to species
Acids and Bases 1. Name common acids and bases found at home and at school 2. Use formulae for common acids and bases 3. Give examples of the uses of acids and bases 4. State that all solutions are acidic,
More informationBio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:
Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose
More information